(70 pts) Nuclear History Identify the event in nuclear history that occurred on each of the following dates: August 13, 1942 July 16, 1945 August 9, 1945 April 26, 1986 December 2, 1942 August 6, 1945 October 31, 1952 March 11, 2011 Solution On August 13, 1942, the Manhattan Engineer District was founded to direct and coordinate a series of research projects known as the Manhattan project under the direction of engineer Leslic Groves. On December 2, 1942, Enrico Fermi and his collaborators achieved the first self-sustained and controlled chain fission reaction, only four years after it was discovered that a uranium atom bombarded with neutrons could be split (or fission) generating a large amount of energy and several neutrons that could continue the process by impacting other uranium atoms. July 16, 1945 the first nuclear bomb is detonated in the desert of the Alamo Gordo, in New Mexico (United States). Call the Trinity test. On August 6, 1945, when World War II was about to end, a uranium bomb called \"Little Boy\" was launched by the mythical plane Enola Gay on Hiroshima (Japan) and caused more than 100,000 deaths, besides destroying the city. The order was given by Harry Truman, president of the United States. On August 9, 1945, a plutonium bomb called \"Fat Man\" was dropped on Nagasaki, with results comparable to that released 3 days earlier. Ivy Mike, the first hydrogen bomb (thermonuclear fusion bomb) and that was developed by the Americans. It was detonated in an atoll in the Marshall Islands at 7:15 (local time) on November 1, 1952, or at 7:15 pm on October 31 (world time). On July 26, 1986, the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident occurred. It was the biggest nuclear catastrophe in history. The explosion took place in the fourth block of the Chernobyl nuclear power station, located only 120 kilometers from the capital of Ukraine - Kiev, near the border with Belarus. As a result of the earthquake and tsunami that occurred on March 11, 2011 in Japan, the Fukushima nuclear power plant was seriously damaged. This number 1 plant of Tokyo Electric Power in Fukushima (known as Daiichi) is located about 270 kilometers northeast of Tokyo, has six boiling light water reactors, operates since 1971 and had permission to continue active until the year 2021. .