TULC BSCI 2 SLIDES

1. School of Architecture, Building and Design
Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Architecture
Building Science II (ARC 3413 / BLD 61303)
Project 1:
Auditorium: A Case Study on Acoustic Design
Lecturer: Ar. Edwin Chan
Group Members
Chong Jin Feng 0319645
Chong Yi Qi 0304898
Chow Hong Da 0318571
Clement Chen Kit Seong 0319574
James Tay Jia Chuen 0322210
Janice Lee Juen Yung 0318695
Kong Xhiang Lynn 0317730
Yong Yu Joon 0318299

2. SITE STUDY

3. Site Introduction
• is located in the heart of Kuala Lumpur
• Malaysia’s main venue for all types of theatre including local and international
performances
• was rated as one of the world's top 10 most sophisticated theatres
• is designed by local architect, Muhammad Kamar Ya'akub
• Malaysia began construction in July 1995 with a cost of RM210 million

4. MATERIALITY

5. Seating Material
• Panggung Sari consists of 1370
seats
• premier high density plywood
with painted surface
• cushion is made up of
polyurethane high flexibility
foam
• good sound insulator.

6. Wall Material
• Wood surface
• Reflects many traditional
elements of the culture of
Malaysia
• Wood carvings add to the
elements of the hall providing a
classic Malay style ambience
• Helps absorb and reflect sound
using High density fibreglass
infill
• High sound absorption
coefficient.

7. Ceiling Material
• approximately 18 metres from the
ground
• is adjustable and is made up of gypsum
ceiling board
• designed to reflect sound to the
audience and eliminate the echoing
effect

8. Floor Material
• The flooring of Panggung Sari is made up of woollen carpet consisting of
80% wool, 20% nylon
• The carpet absorbs reflected sounds and prevents echoes
• the stage is made up of detachable wood to create flexibility according to
different performances

9. ACOUSTIC
TABULATION &
CALCULATION

10. Common Building Materials Absorption
Coefficient
500Hz
Carpet Medium pile carpet on sponge
rubber underlay
0.28
Wood
Boards
Hardwood boards over 25mm
airspace
0.1
Plaster
Ceiling
Gypsum plaster ceiling 0.02
Seats Fabric with wooden panel 0.2
Audience Per Person 0.46
Air Per m
3
0.007
Door Solid Timber Door 0.06
Table for Absorption Coefficient

11. Component Material Surface Area
(m
2
)/
Quantity
Absorptio
n
Coefficien
t
Sound
Absorption
Floor Carpet 690 0.28 193.2
Wall Wood Boards 1520 0.1 152
Ceiling Plaster 900 0.02 18
Furniture Fabric Seats 1370 0.2 274
Door Solid Timber 48 0.06 2.9
Occupant 1375 0.46 632.5
Air 13800 0.007 96.6
Total Absorption (A) 1369.2
Reverberation Time, RT
Volume of Panggung
Sari = 30m x 23m x
20m
= 13800m2
Material Absorption
Coefficient 500Hz
Reverberation Time,
RT = (0.16 x V) / A
= (0.16 x 13800) /
1369.2
= 1.61 s

12. SOUND ANALYSIS

13. • fan shape maximizes the
sound traveling towards
every audience evenly.
• stage is the main performing
area where the sound is
produced and transmitted
towards the audience
• Speakers are spreaded
evenly throughout the
theatre so the audience has
the same audio experience
regardless the seating
location.
Sound Source

14. • placed above the upstage,
pointed towards the
audience
• the position mimics the
sound source of the
theatre
Sound Source
• placed near the back of
the threater mounted to
the
• even out the sound of the
performance to audience
at the back

15. What is Sound Reflection?
• when sound travels in a given
medium, it strikes the surface of
another medium and bounces back in
some other direction
• angle of incidence equals to the angle
of reflection

17. • Aesthetic purposes only, lack function
• Mostly diffusion
• Lack targeted reflections
• Does not aid in increasing reverberation
time
Panggung Sari, Istana Budaya Elbe Philharmonic Hall
• Targeted reflections
• Increase reverberation time

18. What is Echo?
• A sound delay.
• The delay is proportional to the
distance of the reflecting surface
from the source and the listener.
• Therefore the longer the hall, the
longer the delay/echo.

19. Direct vs Indirect Sound Path
• Direct sound is sound directly going
from my lips to your ear.
• Indirect sound means which is
going bouncing off the wall and then
coming to your ear.

20. Echo is NOT Reverberation

22. Plan
18.53msec

23. 126.47msec
Plan

24. 23.53msec
Plan

25. 126.47msec (>100msec, echo effect)
23.53msec (<100msec, suitable time delay)
18.53msec (<100msec, suitable time delay)
Plan

26. 47msec
Section

27. 17.35msec
Section

28. 17.35msec (<100msec, suitable time delay)
47msec (<100msec, suitable time delay)
Section

29. What is Sound Absorption?
• The incident sound that strikes a material
that is not reflected back.
• The change in sound energy into some
other form, usually heat when it passes
through a material or strikes a surface.

30. Features for Sound
Absorption in
Panggung Sari
Medium Pile Carpet
- sponge rubber underlay
- absorption coefficient of 0.28
- allows air circulation and support for the
carpet, minimising dampness and
condensation under the carpet.
Wood Panel Absorbers
- non-rigid, non-porous materials which
are placed over an airspace
- efficient at absorbing low frequencies
- 25mm air space
- absorption coefficient of 0.1

31. What is Sound Diffusion?
• a sound wave hits an irregular surface
like foam or carpet, the vibration breaks
up and travels along many much smaller
paths.
• scatters evenly in all directions

32. Features for Sound
Diffusion in
Panggung Sari
Wall Coffers
- the rear and sides of
the concert hall at all 3
floors
- Sound entering coffers
of irregular shape
diffuses and scatters
everywhere evenly
- reducing the echo
effect
Effective for high
frequencies
Medium Pile Carpet
- Involved in both absorption
and diffusion
Irregular Curved Edges
- VIP boxes

33. NOISE SOURCE

34. • located at the adjacent highway of
Jalan Tun Razak
• sits comfortably 100m away from
the highway
• trees and bushes act as sound
buffer of air bourne noise
Noise source : External Noise Source
Vehicles

35. • interaction between the
receptionist and the audience at
the entrance
• interaction between the
performers and the staff at the
backstage
• Sound lock system
Noise source : Internal Noise Source
People

36. Noise source : Internal Noise Source
Air Conditioning
Indoor cassette unit (Silent) Linear diffuser unit (Noisy)

37. • some of the seats are found to
produce squeaky noises
• internal connections may have
rusted
Noise source : Internal Noise Source
Seats

38. NOISE CONTROL

39. • the masking and drapery seals the
backstage
• acts as soundlock
Noise control: Backstage soundlock

40. Noise control: Entrance soundlock

41. END