This document discusses ways to improve 7-day weights in broiler chicks through management and dietary actions. Key management actions include maintaining optimal brooding temperatures and humidity, providing adequate litter, feed availability, and light. Dietary actions focus on using highly digestible pre-starter feeds fortified with additives like organic acids, phytogenics, hydrolyzed proteins, animal plasma, and enzymes to support gastrointestinal development in young chicks. Achieving a 7-day weight of 180g or more through these actions can lead to increased final body weights and improved performance.
A broiler management course is a program designed to educate farmers, poultry producers, and other interested individuals on the best practices for managing broiler chickens. Broiler chickens are raised for meat production and require specialized care to ensure their growth, health, and well-being. The course typically covers various aspects of broiler management, including housing, feeding, health management, and disease prevention. It may also cover topics such as breeding, hatching, and marketing of broiler chickens. Participants in a broiler management course will learn about the different types of broiler housing and the best practices for managing temperature, ventilation, and lighting to ensure optimal growth and production. They will also learn about the various types of broiler feed and how to formulate a balanced diet that meets the nutritional requirements of broiler chickens. Health management is a critical aspect of broiler management, and the course will cover topics such as biosecurity measures, vaccination programs, and disease diagnosis and treatment. Participants will learn how to recognize common health problems in broiler chickens and how to implement preventative measures to keep their flocks healthy. Marketing is also an important aspect of broiler management, and the course may cover topics such as market analysis, pricing strategies, and distribution channels. Overall, a broiler management course provides participants with the knowledge and skills needed to raise healthy, productive broiler chickens, and to operate a successful broiler farming business.
A broiler management course is a program designed to educate farmers, poultry producers, and other interested individuals on the best practices for managing broiler chickens. Broiler chickens are raised for meat production and require specialized care to ensure their growth, health, and well-being. The course typically covers various aspects of broiler management, including housing, feeding, health management, and disease prevention. It may also cover topics such as breeding, hatching, and marketing of broiler chickens. Participants in a broiler management course will learn about the different types of broiler housing and the best practices for managing temperature, ventilation, and lighting to ensure optimal growth and production. They will also learn about the various types of broiler feed and how to formulate a balanced diet that meets the nutritional requirements of broiler chickens. Health management is a critical aspect of broiler management, and the course will cover topics such as biosecurity measures, vaccination programs, and disease diagnosis and treatment. Participants will learn how to recognize common health problems in broiler chickens and how to implement preventative measures to keep their flocks healthy. Marketing is also an important aspect of broiler management, and the course may cover topics such as market analysis, pricing strategies, and distribution channels. Overall, a broiler management course provides participants with the knowledge and skills needed to raise healthy, productive broiler chickens, and to operate a successful broiler farming business.
Genetic progress over the last 10 years has steadily improved broiler economic performance. One component of this is growth potential which has increased each year by 60 grams at six weeks of age. In order to achieve a standard processing weight (of e.g. 2kg), the age at which a flock of broilers are killed has fallen by, on average, 1 day per year over this time. Birds of 2kg that were killed at 49 days in 1988 are now killed at 39 days.
The consequence of this change is that the brooding period now takes up a much bigger proportion of the whole growing period and is more important in the final performance of the flock. Over the same 10 year period, the equipment used in brooding and starting chickens has changed, and some of these changes have significant consequences for the well-being of the day-old chick.
Our customers have become more focussed on the predictability of performance and uniformity of the product at all stages, especially in the processing plant. Many features of broiler management can affect uniformity and, in some cases, small changes in management technique can make a previously unimportant factor critical (e.g. the need for more feeding space once feed intake control is initiated) This Ross Tech is aimed at encouraging better general management and especially brooding management for broiler flocks, to improve performance and uniformity
Layer poultry farming means raising egg laying poultry birds for the purpose of commercial egg production. Layer chickens are such a special species of hens, which need to be raised from when they are one day old. They start laying eggs commercially from 18-19 weeks of age.
Genetic progress over the last 10 years has steadily improved broiler economic performance. One component of this is growth potential which has increased each year by 60 grams at six weeks of age. In order to achieve a standard processing weight (of e.g. 2kg), the age at which a flock of broilers are killed has fallen by, on average, 1 day per year over this time. Birds of 2kg that were killed at 49 days in 1988 are now killed at 39 days.
The consequence of this change is that the brooding period now takes up a much bigger proportion of the whole growing period and is more important in the final performance of the flock. Over the same 10 year period, the equipment used in brooding and starting chickens has changed, and some of these changes have significant consequences for the well-being of the day-old chick.
Our customers have become more focussed on the predictability of performance and uniformity of the product at all stages, especially in the processing plant. Many features of broiler management can affect uniformity and, in some cases, small changes in management technique can make a previously unimportant factor critical (e.g. the need for more feeding space once feed intake control is initiated) This Ross Tech is aimed at encouraging better general management and especially brooding management for broiler flocks, to improve performance and uniformity
Layer poultry farming means raising egg laying poultry birds for the purpose of commercial egg production. Layer chickens are such a special species of hens, which need to be raised from when they are one day old. They start laying eggs commercially from 18-19 weeks of age.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
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This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
2. The importance
of 7-day weight
• During the first 7 days 80% of the
energy is used for growth and only
20% for maintenance, indicating
the importance of this period in the
chicken's life.
• According to management
guidelines for the modern broiler,
the birds are supposed to increase
live weight 4.25 times during the
first 7 days, from approx. 40g to
180g.
3. The importance of 7-day weight
• Good early development of the chick reaching high 7day weights
will ,for example, improve the nutritional maturity of the bird and
accelerate development of the gastro- intestinal tract.
• Also muscle growth and development of muscle morphology
improves, as will the long-term metabolic effects.
• The immune response in young chickens gets better, on the other
hand delayed growth impairs immunological capacities.
• As a result, final performance will be better, eg increased total
growth, improved feed conversion and better uniformity.
4. Confirmation
from practice
• To confirm the importance of achieving a
good early development, field data was
collected on as hatched Broiler bird flocks
within the European and African region.
• Case studies under Western European
conditions show that improvements of 1g at
7 days correspond to 6g at 37 days of age.
• Gathered data illustrates that good 7-day
weight is positively correlated with high final
body weight (Figure 1).
• Also depending on live weight reached,
there may be a bigger impact when targeting
weight above 180g at 7 days of age.(Dr Annsofie
Wahlstrom, nutritionist Cobb-Europe Ltd)
5. These data demonstrate that you may increase final weight when the
7-day weight increases from 150g to 180g.
7. Accept Reality !
• Chicks are not always excellent
• Long transportation is sometimes necessary
• Age of the breeder flock counts
But … perfect result is still possible
Only after right actions
8. How to
improve 7-
day weight
Below are 5 key points to help ensure
optimal early broiler performance:
• Correct brooding conditions such as
temperatures, humidity and carbon
dioxide level to stimulate feed intake
• Easy access to feed
• Follow up feed intake by checking the
crops, 95% of the crops should be full
within 24 hours
• Pay extra attention to feed intake
after four days when many
disturbances occur
• Try to reduce the percentage of small
chicks by seven days by getting the
necessary early feed intake
• There are several dietary actions possible
to increase or secure an optimum weight
at seven days. With, for example, the
chicken's gastro-intestinal tract immature
during the first week of age, it is
important to compose feed with:
• Highly digestible raw materials since the
chicken's enzyme system is not mature.
• High hygiene quality of material included
since the bird's immune response system
is not fully developed and a challenge
might be more devastating to the young
chicken compared to an older bird.
• Optimum breed specific diets and a high
quality of the feed presentation will
enable the small chickens to consume
the amount needed for adequate growth.
Management Actions Dietary Actions
10. Temprature
Research has shown that
the chick develops the
ability to regulate its
body temperature
around 12 to 14 days of
age. The chick can be
easily stressed if its body
temperature decreases
or increases by as much
as one degree. Once the
body temperature
changes the bird will try
to compensate and in
most cases this means
that it will have a
negative effect on
performance.
One of the goals during
brooding is to maintain chicks
within their comfort zone,
which is where they are not
using energy to gain or lose
heat to maintain body
temperature.
When birds are kept in
environmental temperatures
above or below their comfort
zone, more energy must be
expended to maintain body
temperature.
This extra energy will
ultimately be supplied by the
feed consumed.
Therefore, the energy from
the feed will be used to
maintain body temperature
instead of growth and
development resulting in
poorer feed conversion.
11. Relative
Humidity
• The term relative humidity refers to the
percent of water saturation of air at any given
temperature. The level of humidity influences
the ability of the bird to cool itself through
panting and influences ammonia production.
• Monitor RH within the broiler house daily. If it
falls below 50% in the first week, the
environment will be dry and dusty.
• The chicks will begin to dehydrate and be
predisposed to respiratory problems and
performance will be adversely affected. Take
action to increase RH.
• RH can be increased by using a backpack
portable sprayer to spray the walls with a fine
mist.
13. Relationship
between
temperature
and RH
• Making the correct decisions on the comfort of
the birds can only be made if the relationship
between temperature and RH is understood. The
temperature being felt by the bird (the effective
temperature) is dependent on the dry bulb
temperature and RH.
• Variation in RH will influence effective
temperature:
- Higher RH reduces evaporative heat loss,
increasing effective temperature.
- Lower RH increases evaporative heat loss,
decreasing effective temperature.
15. Litter
Litter quality
directly affect
bird
performance
For optimal broiler welfare &
health (foot pad condition,
respiratory function, eye
condition, etc.), litter should
cover the entire floor and
should be dry and friable
(loose).
Minimum Litter Depth (or
Volume) Requirements :
Dry Sawdust 2.5 cm
increasing to 5 cm in winter
Litter
temperature
should be above
32 C
16. Relationship between
Litter quality , RH and
Ventilation( Air quality)
• It is recommended that a low level of relative humidity
be maintained between 50 and 70 percent throughout
the growout period, including the brooding period.
• Dusty conditions in the poultry house are associated
with relative humidity below 50 percent.
• Relative humidity of 70 percent or greater provides
environmental conditions suitable for microbial growth
in the litter. As the microbial population increases,
more ammonia is generated from nitrogen sources
found in bird fecal material.
• Ammonia is a gas that has a negative impact on bird
health and performance. As increased ammonia
impairs the immune system and increases respiratory
disease in birds.
• High ammonia levels during brooding reduces growth
rate, which is not gained back during the remainder of
the growout.
• Ammonia production can be reduced through the
control of relative humidity which in turn is regulated
by ventilation.
17. Feed
Availability
• Feed intake makes it possible for chicks to grow, developing
necessary tissues and systems.
• It is fundamental that chicks have easy and unrestricted
access to feed from the start.
• Their growing potential is highest during the first week and will
naturally decrease in the following weeks.
• However, this will be irreversibly reduced if a correct seven-
day weight is not achieved.
• In a chick’s first days, protein and energy from the feed will be
used for basic metabolic needs and for development of vital
systems like the skeletal, digestive and immune.
• Therefore, if not enough feed is available, development will
be delayed and reduced since chicks will just try to stay alive
and only use whatever protein and energy is left for
development.
• Inadequate feed amounts can also lead to loss of
weight/uniformity and increased culls and mortality as chicks
will be more sensitive to disease challenges and will have
depleted immunity levels following early vaccinations.
18. Feed Avialability
• To achieve the correct feed intake, make
access to feed as easy as possible. We
advises poultry men to cover at least 50
percent of the brooding area with good-
quality paper and provide at least 75 grams
of feed per chick on the paper.
• This allows all chicks to have adequate feed
available and will make for an easier
transition to the automatic feeding system.
• It is also possible, especially with partial
house brooding, to use trays or
supplemental manual feeders.
• If using manual feeders, make sure that
there is at least one per 50 chicks and that
they never run empty since that will create a
huge stress for chicks, leading to reduced
growth.
19. Light
• Light is an important factor during brooding that should not be
ignored.
• Chick activity is greater in bright light intensity than in low light
intensity.
• During brooding the light should be at the brightest intensity to
encourage chick activity thus assisting them to locate feed and water.
• Once they learn where feed and water are located (somewhere
around 7 to 10 days of age), the light intensity and duration can and
should be reduced.
20. • Some breeds guidelines advises
to provide 40 lux at chick level
in the brood area.
Light systems should be designed
to produce a minimum of 25 lux
or more.
22. Broiler Pre-starters
• There are two types of pre-starters.
• One comes in the form of paste. This is usually supplied in a limited
amount in the boxes during transportation from the hatchery to the
broiler house.
• It aims mainly to keep birds hydrated, but it also offers a good source of
energy and electrolytes.
23. Broiler Pre-starters
•The second type of pre-starter
is more likely the usual dry
feed, but it is a fortified diet
supplying extra energy,
minerals, vitamins, and most
importantly certain additives
for enhanced gastrointestinal
health.
( Ioannis Mavromichalis - poultryworld.net)
25. In brief
• There are many ingredients and additives that can be
used to design a broiler super pre-starter.
• The design of such feed will be different when it is to
be part of a drug-free nutrition program.
• In such cases, not only alternative anti-pathogen
agents are required, but proteins of high digestibility
are also a must.
• Among them, animal plasma can provide a double
function as a gut health agent, in addition to being
highly digestible.
(Ioannis Mavromichalis, Ph.D., is an animal nutrition industry consultant)
