Civilians on the British home front were affected by World War 1 in several ways: 1) Food rationing was introduced in 1917 and became compulsory in 1918 to address food shortages caused by German U-boats sinking British merchant ships carrying supplies. 2) Conscription was introduced in 1916, requiring all men aged 18-40 to register for potential military service. 3) Censorship of soldiers' letters and limitation of news about casualties was implemented to maintain public morale and support for the war effort.

1. How were civilians affected by World War 1? Aim : To revise key details about the British Home Front during the First World War http://www.mrallsophistory.com/powerpoint/ww1.ppt

2. Britain enters an European war Germany invades Belgium that was supposed not to be invaded . Britain declares war on Germany. Britain enters the war

3. Family affair Queen Victoria Grandsons George V Nicholas II Kaiser William II British King Russian King German King

4. August 1914 There was a great enthusiasm over all europe (from both sides). They thought they would be victorious and that the war would be over by Christmas.

5. Britain: Censorship: soldier´s letters Newspapers Photographs of dead or injured soldiers. Reports aimed to: Maintain morale Encourage civilians to support the war effort Create hatred and suspicion of the enemy British point of view

6. Recruitment Initial recruitment used posters, leaflets, etc. to build an army quickly What is the message of this poster? How would this poster encourage men to join the army?

8. Recruitment

9. Voluntary recruitment was de creasing, but the demand for troops was increasing Voluntary recruitment didn’t share the burden between all parts of society Conscription introduced in 1916 All men aged 18-40 had to register They could be called up to fight at any time Conscription

10. Battleships were so precious that admirals didn´t risk them at battle. British blockade german ports to prevent food and other supplies from being imported. Germany was short on food in 1918. In reply, they sent submarines to sink britain merchant ships. Britain bought food from neutral countries. Naval War

11. Rationing In April 1917, German U-Boats were sinking one in every four British merchant ships Britain was running out of food

12. Rationing In 1917 voluntary rationing began, led by the royal family In 1918 compulsory rationing began Sugar Butter Meat Beer

13. The Brown Family’s Four War Christmas What is happening in each frame? Explain why these things are happening, based on what you know about life on the Home Front