The document summarizes a bridge program created by Western Oregon University's College of Education to support new teachers as they transition from pre-service to in-service educators. The program aims to address high teacher attrition rates by providing mentoring, reflection opportunities, professional development, and a community of practice for new teachers. Preliminary findings from surveys and interviews suggest that participants find the community of practice and additional support most beneficial. The program seeks to better prepare new teachers and increase retention to benefit students.
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Choose five activities for job-embedded professional development a.docxgordienaysmythe
Choose
five activities for job-embedded professional development according to Figure 3.1 (p. 70) in Ch. 3 of
Schools as Professional Learning Communities
.
Write
a 350- to 700-word essay explaining how each activity supports reflective teaching.
Include
at least five sources, including this week's readings and videos, to justify how each supports reflective practice.
Format
your essay according to APA guidelines.
Figure 3.1 Activities for Job-Embedded Professional Development
Observe other teachers teach
Plan lessons and units with other teachers
Give and receive feedback on instructional behaviors from peers
Conduct action research projets
Mentor new teachers
Coach one another
Keep a reflective log.
Develop and maintain a professional portfolio
Look at student work together
Become part of a study group
Weeks Reading
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Discuss literature relevant to integrating instruction and support services; and
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For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
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Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
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Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1. College of Education Bridge Program
“Supporting the needs of teachers as they
transition from pre to in-service educators ”
Western Oregon University, Oregon
Drs. Alicia Wenzel, Cindy Ryan, Carmen Cecada
2. Rationale for Bridge Program
• Teacher attrition has grown by 50 percent over the
past fifteen years.
– 46% of all new teachers in the US leave the
profession within five years.
– The national teacher turnover rate has risen to 16.8
percent.
– In urban schools it is over 20 percent.
(Kain, 2011; NCES, 2010; NCTAF, 2007, 2010)
3. • “…inexperienced teachers often
facing assignments in the most challenging
schools because that is where the openings are
– but with little support, they burn out in a few
years, feeding the churn of attrition and
teacher turnover in these schools.” (NCTAF, 2007).
4. Strategies & Approaches
• What strategies & approaches are
you using to support your new
teachers as they transition from pre-
to-inservice?
5. Recommendations
• Provide:
– Mentoring (Kent et al, 2012; Moir et al, 2009)
– Reflection, community, action, feedback (Hoban &
Hastings, 1997)
– Guided facilitative interaction (Shinoharam & Daehler, 2008)
– Collaborative learning (Stoll et al, 2006)
– Professional development (Fulton et al, 2010)
– Opportunity for teachers to discuss… with others in
trusted environments (Shinoharam & Daehler, 2008)
– “Overlapping communities” (Artz & Curcio, 2008)
6. Framework:
Community of Practice
It is an aggregate of people who come together around a
mutual engagement. Ways of doing things, ways of
talking, beliefs – in short, practices –[that] emerge in the
course of this mutual endeavor.
- (Eckert & McConnell-Ginet, 1999, p. 464, emphasis added)
Features needed to be considered a CofP.
a) mutual engagement
b) a jointly negotiated enterprise
c) a shared repertoire
- (Wenger, 1998, pp. 76-78).
7. -Purpose: to support
current COE students, and our
alumni, bridging their path from
pre to in-service teachers as they
gain knowledge and skills to
become effective educators.
-Participants: student
teachers, alumni in years 0-5
8.
9. Research Qs
• What challenges do novice teachers face as they
transition from pre to in-service teachers?
• How can a Community of Practice help reduce negative
feelings (ie: stress, frustration, anxiety) related to this
transition and their new professional responsibilities, and
help promote a collaborative network of professionals?
• What tools, strategies, knowledge, and skills can be
incorporated in this Program that may help beginning
teachers positively impact student success and increase
teacher retention rates?
10. Methodology:
• Mixed methods approach blending exploratory and
explanatory designs (Creswell, Plano Clark, Gutmann, &
Hanson, 2003) with qualitative inquiry
– Likert-scale & open-ended questions on surveys
• Surveymonkey
– Constant-comparison method (Strauss & Corbin, 1990)
– Observational data, interviews, focus groups
11. Findings
• Preliminary evidence from the Program’s first meeting
and survey responses indicate that participants find the
following to be most beneficial:
a) a non-evaluative CofP
b) additional professional development
c) “overlapping communities”
d) time to reflect and opportunities to take action
12. Student teacher response
(Video link to hear interview)
http://sharing.theflip.com/session/c4c671317c451fb4d0b048d5acc8cf6f/video/1
13. Alumni Response
• “My name is Sarah. I graduated June 2012 . I have attended the BP as a
student teacher last year and now as a graduate and licensed teacher…”
• Favorite part –”talking with others in the education field…Teaching is an
incredibly complex profession so it is reassuring to know others are
experiencing the same challenges and yet still finding ways to successfully
reach students…It was interesting (and helpful) to hear about the different paths
people were on as teachers.”
• Concerns:
• Addressing the individual needs of my students (C&I).
• Assessing to determine students' strengths and weaknesses, especially in
reading
• Classroom Management
• Believes the BP can: offer continuing education, links to teaching resources,
support, and ideas from others in the field.
15. Implications
• Theoretical
– New teachers will be better prepared & more effective
– New teachers will remain in the profession
– Students of new teachers will be more successful
• Research
– Gain valuable information from the BP participants;
leads to more areas to explore
• Practice
– Strengthen TE Preparation Program areas
– Deliver a just, inclusive, well-rounded program
16. Where next?
• Plan & host Winter meeting
• New grant for upcoming year –hopefully!
• Collect additional data
– More interviews/focus groups
• Expand PD options during meetings
• Eventually, survey school district
administrators
• Seek additional $$$
17. Resources:
• National Center for Education Statistics. (2010). Teacher Attrition and Mobility , Results from 2008-
2009 Teacher Follow Up Study. Retrieved November 20, 2012 from
http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2010/2010353.pdf.
• Kain, E. (2011). High Teacher Turnover Rates are a Big Problem for America’s Public Schools.
Forbes . Retrieved December 1, 2012 from http://www.forbes.com/sites/erikkain/2011/03/08/high-
teacher-turnover-rates-are-a-big-problem-for-americas-public-schools/.
• Fulton, K.; Doeer, H.; & Britton, T. (2010). STEM Teachers in Professional Learning Communities:
A Knowledge Synthesis. National Commission on Teaching and America’s Future and WestEd
(NCTAF). Retrieved December 1, 2012 from http://nctaf.org/wp-
content/uploads/STEMTeachersinProfessionalLearningCommunities.AKnowledgeSynthesis.pdf.
• Barnes, G.; Crowe, E.; & Schaefer, B. (2007). The Cost of Teacher Turnover in Five School
Districts: A Pilot Study. National Commission on Teaching and America’s Future and WestEd
(NCTAF). Retrieved December 3, 2012 from http://nctaf.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/NCTAF-
Cost-of-Teacher-Turnover-2007-full-report.pdf.
• Moir, E.; Barlin, D.; Gless, J.; & Miles, J. (2009). New Teacher Mentoring: Hopes and Promise for
Improving Teacher Effectiveness. Cambridge, MA :Harvard Education Press
• Kent, A..; Green, A.; & Feldman, P. (2012). Fostering the Success of New Teachers: Developing
Lead Teachers in a Statewide Teacher Mentoring Program. Current Issues in Education, Vol 15(3).
Retrieved December 10, 2012 from
http://cie.asu.edu/ojs/index.php/cieatasu/article/viewFile/988/373.
• Western OR University, COE Bridge Program web page: http://coebridgeprogram.yolasite.com/
Editor's Notes
Wenger states that “communities of practice are formed by people who engage in a process of collective learning in a shared domain of human endeavor…In a nutshell: Communities of practice are groups of people who share a concern or a passion for something they do and learn how to do it better as they interact regularly.” Smith (2009) discussing Wenger’s ideas explain that the idea of a CofP is that formal or informal groups of people are brought together because of shared interest and learning working towards a common educational goal. All groups are not considered CofP as a CofP goes beyond co-existence to co-participation. This type of participation requires a degree of commitment between the participants which creates customs unique to them and their situation. “The interaction involved, and the ability to undertake larger or more complex activities and projects through cooperation, bind people together and help facilitate relationship and trust” (Smith, 2009). These negotiated, co-participatory practices are what build CofP. And, this is what the Program aspires to create and nurture for its participants.
Purpose and participants: We seek to address the mounting attrition issue of novice teachers by creating a supportive community of practice (Wenger, 1998) for pre- and in-service teachers as they transition from teacher candidates to expert teachers. Thus, a program has been created called the “Bridge Program” which meets once each term, on campus, for students in their last term of the teacher education program and novice teachers in their first five years of service. It is our goal to help novice teachers and teachers-to-be gain additional knowledge and skills to effectively tackle their new (and future) roles and responsibilities in an atmosphere free of evaluation and where they can gain a sense of community by sharing of resources and collaborative problem-solving. The purpose of this study is to explore challenges novice teachers experience and to identify what support can be offered at colleges of education in an attempt to bridge the gap between pre-service and in-service by addressing the needs of teachers during their first five years of service. Our objective is to find additional ways to reduce the exodus of competent and confident beginning educators, such as through collaborative learning, mentorship, and professional development, and in turn, increase achievement for all students and increase achievement for all students.
a) find a non-evaluative CofP to be a necessary support mechanism to help them navigate successfully though their responsibilities and challenges, b) want to have additional professional development in the areas of classroom management, assessment, technology integration, and meeting the needs of diverse learners particularly students receiving special education services and English Language Learners, c) find the “overlapping communities” of varying experiences and grade/content levels strengthen their knowledge and skills d) see that time to reflect and feel they are doing something (aka: take action) to help them improve are key to student and teacher success
In short, this student teacher found collaboration with others at the BP, who were further along in their careers and who were in other grade levels, to be extremely useful. She discovered that the meetings were
Sarah is “I am currently a substitute teacher and I will again be full-time subbing from spring break until the end of the year” Sarah shared that she feels she may not be adequately prepared to create differentiated instruction and assessment for students Also, she stated that she has concerns about how to deal with extreme behaviors in my classroom that require constant attention and distract the rest of the class from learning? On a side note, she shared that she was suddenly inspired to start taking graduate classes...beginning next term...so I will be going to WOU next week to figure out enrollment and financial aid. I am hoping to enroll in your ED611 class online:) So, when I realized I had the next 3 months with less commitment I decided it would be crazy not to get started. Yay! I love being in school!
Theory extends our knowledge on what we know about how to support new teachers and those about to enter the profession Research Helps up gain valuable information from the BP participants about what they perceive is needed as they transition from student teacher to teacher of students Practice Use knowledge gained in our TE Program as we work with teacher candidates seeking to strengthen areas such as differentiated C&I, assessment, classroom management, technology integration, ELL/SpEd effectively fulfilling professional responsibilities, etc.