Breast Cancer is a dangerous disease for a woman. Worldwide, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancers in women and every year, among the women have died of breast cancer.
introduction, classification and prevention of breast cancer byShuvamArkaprovo Roy
This document discusses breast cancer, including its lymphatic drainage, epidemiology, risk factors, screening modalities, biopsy techniques, staging, and types. It provides details on axillary lymph node levels, risk assessment models, classifications of breast cancer, mammography BI-RADS categories, and breast biopsy techniques. The key topics covered are lymphatic drainage, epidemiology, risk factors, screening methods including mammography and MRI guidelines, and biopsy approaches.
Breast cancer starts in the cells of the breast and can spread to other parts of the body. There are several types of breast cancer including ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, inflammatory breast cancer, and metastatic breast cancer. Risk factors include being a woman, aging, family history and genetic factors, personal history of breast cancer, reproductive history. Screening tests include mammograms, clinical breast exams, and breast self-exams. Treatment involves surgery to remove the tumor, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy. Prevention focuses on maintaining a healthy weight, physical activity, breastfeeding, diet and avoiding hormone therapy when possible.
cancer of breast , this slide cointains detailed information about the breast cancer that is definition, causes and risk factor, sign and symptoms, management of patient with cancer , giving psychological support .treatment
This document discusses breast cancer, including its different types and risk factors. It notes that breast cancer arises from the breast ducts or glands, with ductal carcinoma being the most common type at around 80% of cases. Ductal carcinoma arises from the lining of breast ducts. Lobular carcinoma arises from the smallest ducts or milk glands and accounts for around 10-15% of cases. Men can also develop breast cancer, though it is much less common. Risk factors include family history, age, estrogen exposure, obesity, alcohol use, and smoking. Prognosis depends on factors like cancer stage, lymph node involvement, tumor size, and receptor status. Treatments may include surgery, chemotherapy,
This document discusses breast cancer, including types, risk factors, symptoms, staging, and treatment options. It notes that breast cancer forms in the breast tissues and ducts, and while more common in women, can also affect men. The main types described are ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, and inflammatory breast cancer. Risk factors include gender, genetics, aging, reproductive history, and lifestyle factors. Symptoms can include lumps, nipple discharge, skin changes, and pain. Treatment may involve surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy depending on the cancer's stage.
Breast Cancer Management & Surgical ConsiderationsRiaz Rahman
Clinical overview and surgical considerations for management of Primary Breast Cancer and other subtypes. Covers screening recommendations, mammography (including BIRADS score interpretation), pathophysiology, staging, prognosis, surgical management, breast anatomy, non-surgical management, follow-up considerations. Given at Jackson Park Medical Center on 1/30/2014. Includes references.
This document provides an overview of breast cancer. It begins with defining breast cancer as a malignant condition where cells grow uncontrollably in the breast. It then lists the main risk factors like older age, family history, and obesity. The stages of breast cancer are explained from stage 0 to IV. Common signs and diagnostic tests are also outlined. Treatment options discussed include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy. Prevention strategies and nursing management of breast cancer are briefly addressed before concluding with a bibliography.
introduction, classification and prevention of breast cancer byShuvamArkaprovo Roy
This document discusses breast cancer, including its lymphatic drainage, epidemiology, risk factors, screening modalities, biopsy techniques, staging, and types. It provides details on axillary lymph node levels, risk assessment models, classifications of breast cancer, mammography BI-RADS categories, and breast biopsy techniques. The key topics covered are lymphatic drainage, epidemiology, risk factors, screening methods including mammography and MRI guidelines, and biopsy approaches.
Breast cancer starts in the cells of the breast and can spread to other parts of the body. There are several types of breast cancer including ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, inflammatory breast cancer, and metastatic breast cancer. Risk factors include being a woman, aging, family history and genetic factors, personal history of breast cancer, reproductive history. Screening tests include mammograms, clinical breast exams, and breast self-exams. Treatment involves surgery to remove the tumor, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy. Prevention focuses on maintaining a healthy weight, physical activity, breastfeeding, diet and avoiding hormone therapy when possible.
cancer of breast , this slide cointains detailed information about the breast cancer that is definition, causes and risk factor, sign and symptoms, management of patient with cancer , giving psychological support .treatment
This document discusses breast cancer, including its different types and risk factors. It notes that breast cancer arises from the breast ducts or glands, with ductal carcinoma being the most common type at around 80% of cases. Ductal carcinoma arises from the lining of breast ducts. Lobular carcinoma arises from the smallest ducts or milk glands and accounts for around 10-15% of cases. Men can also develop breast cancer, though it is much less common. Risk factors include family history, age, estrogen exposure, obesity, alcohol use, and smoking. Prognosis depends on factors like cancer stage, lymph node involvement, tumor size, and receptor status. Treatments may include surgery, chemotherapy,
This document discusses breast cancer, including types, risk factors, symptoms, staging, and treatment options. It notes that breast cancer forms in the breast tissues and ducts, and while more common in women, can also affect men. The main types described are ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, and inflammatory breast cancer. Risk factors include gender, genetics, aging, reproductive history, and lifestyle factors. Symptoms can include lumps, nipple discharge, skin changes, and pain. Treatment may involve surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy depending on the cancer's stage.
Breast Cancer Management & Surgical ConsiderationsRiaz Rahman
Clinical overview and surgical considerations for management of Primary Breast Cancer and other subtypes. Covers screening recommendations, mammography (including BIRADS score interpretation), pathophysiology, staging, prognosis, surgical management, breast anatomy, non-surgical management, follow-up considerations. Given at Jackson Park Medical Center on 1/30/2014. Includes references.
This document provides an overview of breast cancer. It begins with defining breast cancer as a malignant condition where cells grow uncontrollably in the breast. It then lists the main risk factors like older age, family history, and obesity. The stages of breast cancer are explained from stage 0 to IV. Common signs and diagnostic tests are also outlined. Treatment options discussed include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy. Prevention strategies and nursing management of breast cancer are briefly addressed before concluding with a bibliography.
Breast cancer is the most common malignant condition of the breast. It occurs when abnormal cells in the breast grow in an uncontrolled way. Some key risk factors include family history, hormonal factors, obesity, and alcohol consumption. Symptoms may include a new lump, thickening, swelling, skin irritation, or nipple discharge. Diagnostic tests include biopsy and mammography. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy depending on the stage of cancer. Regular breast self-exams and screening can help detect cancer early and improve outcomes.
This document provides an overview of breast cancer, including anatomy, histology, risk factors, screening, diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses the lymphatic drainage of the breast and hormones involved. Common breast lesions and cancer types are described along with their morphology. Genetic risk factors like BRCA1 and BRCA2 are explained. Screening recommendations include annual mammography starting at age 40. Diagnostic tools covered are mammography, ultrasound, MRI, and biopsy. Biomarkers discussed include hormone receptors and HER2/neu. Risk assessment models like Oncotype DX are mentioned for prognosis and guiding treatment.
- Screening through mammography can reduce breast cancer mortality but not incidence, and is only cost-effective for higher risk groups. Tamoxifen and other SERMs, as well as lifestyle changes, hormonal treatments, and preventative surgeries can significantly reduce breast cancer risk. MRI is an effective screening tool for high-risk groups. Prophylactic mastectomy can reduce breast cancer risk in BRCA mutation carriers by 90%. Regular screening and preventative measures are important for detecting and reducing breast cancer incidence across populations with varying levels of risk.
Breast cancer. TNM as a logical model in Cancer DiagnosisEneutron
The document discusses various diagnostic procedures and pathologies related to breast cancer. It describes diagnostic procedures to evaluate the tumor (T), lymph nodes (N), and metastases (M) which are used to determine a TNM stage. Imaging techniques like mammography and MRI are mentioned. Different breast pathologies are then summarized like ductal carcinoma, lobular carcinoma, phyllodes tumor, sarcoma, Paget's disease, and inflammatory breast cancer. Breast cancer diagnostic procedures and pathologies are classified in a logical TNM model to determine clinical diagnosis and guide therapy choices.
The document provides information on staging, grading, and management of breast carcinoma. It discusses the TNM classification system for primary tumor size, lymph node involvement, and metastasis. It also describes breast cancer staging based on TNM classification and 5-year survival rates. The document outlines methods for grading invasive breast cancers and discusses sentinel lymph node biopsy techniques. It then provides details on various surgical approaches for breast cancer management including total mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy, and breast-conserving surgeries. It also discusses radiotherapy and hormone/chemotherapy options and complications of treatment.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. There are several types including ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), and invasive ductal carcinoma. Treatment depends on cancer type and stage. For early-stage disease, lumpectomy with radiation or mastectomy are equivalent options. Lumpectomy is preferred for cosmetic reasons when possible. Reconstruction options are available for patients undergoing mastectomy.
breast cancer
cancer
epidemiology
community medicine
awareness of breast cancer
سرطان الثدي
وبائيات سرطان الثدي
epidemiology of breast cancer
prevention of breast cancer
risk factors of breast cancer
epidemiology of breast cancer in iraq
sign and symptoms of breast cancer
location of breast cancer
This document provides information about breast anatomy, noncancerous breast conditions, breast cancer, risk factors for breast cancer, staging of breast cancer, types of breast cancer, signs and symptoms of breast cancer, methods of detecting breast cancer including clinical examination, mammography, breast self-examination, serum tumor markers, sonogram, scintimammography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, fine-needle aspiration, and core-needle biopsy. It describes the components of the breast including lobes, ducts, lymph nodes, and their functions. It also outlines risk factors, types, staging, detection, and diagnosis of breast cancer.
Breast cancer forms in the breast tissues and spreads mainly through the lymphatic system. Risk factors include gender, age, family history, and certain lifestyle habits. Signs include lumps, skin changes, and nipple discharge. Diagnosis involves exams, mammograms, biopsies and imaging tests. The cancer is staged based on tumor size, lymph node involvement and metastasis. Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, drug therapy, and chemotherapy. Radiation therapy is delivered in multiple sessions over several weeks and aims to kill cancer cells while minimizing side effects like skin changes, fatigue and nerve damage.
This document discusses techniques for breast examination and signs of breast cancer. It describes various types of lumps, skin changes, and nipple disorders that may indicate breast cancer, including hard or soft lumps, skin dimpling or redness, nipple inversion or discharge. It also summarizes ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, and how cancer can spread through lymph or blood vessels. Risk factors like genetics, lifestyle, and environment that may contribute to breast cancer development are outlined. Diagrams depict breast anatomy and different stages of cancer progression.
Breast cancer is diagnosed much more frequently in women than in men, with around 200,000 new cases diagnosed in women compared to only around 1,000 in men each year. Both women and men can develop breast cancer and it is typically treated through chemotherapy to kill cancer cells, radiation therapy to stop cell growth, or surgery to remove tumors and cancerous lymph nodes.
It contains details about breast carcinoma-pathology,investigations and diagnosis,NACT,surgery and adjuvant therapy. Hope you will find it helpful.....
The document provides information on breast cancer incidence and mortality rates around the world. It shows that Western Europe has the highest incidence of breast cancer in females at 67.4 per 100,000 population, while South Central Asia has the lowest at 21.2 per 100,000. Despite increasing cases of breast cancer being diagnosed, the number of deaths is lower thanks to early detection and improved treatments.
Treatment of breast cancer by Dr.Syed Alam ZebSyed Alam Zeb
The document discusses various methods for classifying, staging, and treating breast cancer, including surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and monoclonal antibodies. Treatment options depend on factors like cancer type and stage, age, hormone receptor status, and menopausal status. Guidelines are provided for adjuvant systemic treatment based on node status and other risk factors for both premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Risk factors include age, family history, lifestyle factors. Diagnosis involves clinical exam, imaging like mammography, and biopsy. Treatment depends on cancer stage but commonly includes surgery, radiation, hormone therapy and chemotherapy. Prognosis depends on cancer stage and tumor characteristics, with 5-year survival rates ranging from 100% for stage I to 18% for stage IV metastatic cancer.
Cancer is the abnormal, uncontrollable replication of cells which can lead to tumor formation. Breast cancer forms in the breast tissues and spreads mainly through the lymphatic system. The normal document provides detailed information about breast anatomy, the lymphatic system, types of breast lumps and cancers, signs and symptoms of breast cancer, risk factors, diagnostic tests, staging of breast cancer, and treatment options which include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted drug therapy, and biological therapy.
Madam Asiah, age 35, was admitted to the ward with generalized abdominal pain, more on the right side and back. She has stage IV bilateral breast cancer and is scheduled for surgery. The doctor wants assessments of nausea/vomiting due to chemotherapy and interventions to improve nutrition. Counseling will also be provided to address changes to her body image and self-esteem from the cancer treatments. Pain management interventions are needed to relieve her discomfort.
1) The document discusses management of breast cancer, including diagnosis, staging, treatment options, and controversial issues.
2) It provides statistics on breast cancer incidence worldwide and in Egypt, noting it is one of the most common cancers in Egyptian females.
3) Projections estimate the number of breast cancer cases in Egypt could double from 2025 to 2050 as the population grows, posing greater challenges for cancer control efforts.
This document discusses breast cancer epidemiology and risk factors. It begins by describing the normal structure of the breast and types of breast cancer. The most common type is invasive ductal carcinoma. Risk factors include being a woman and aging, as well as factors like family history, early menstruation, late pregnancy/childbirth, and not breastfeeding. Environmental factors like chemicals that mimic estrogen may also increase risk. While some risk factors cannot be changed, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and limiting chemical exposure may help lower breast cancer risk.
Breast cancer starts in the cells of the breast and can spread to other parts of the body. There are several types of breast cancer including ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, inflammatory breast cancer, and metastatic breast cancer. While the exact causes are unknown, risk factors include gender, age, genetics, family history, personal history, menstrual periods, pregnancy history, and breastfeeding. Signs and symptoms include a lump or thickening in the breast. Investigations include mammography, ultrasound, and biopsy. Treatment involves surgery to remove the tumor, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy. Prevention strategies incorporate lifestyle factors and screening includes clinical breast exams and mammograms.
Breast cancer is the most common malignant condition of the breast. It occurs when abnormal cells in the breast grow in an uncontrolled way. Some key risk factors include family history, hormonal factors, obesity, and alcohol consumption. Symptoms may include a new lump, thickening, swelling, skin irritation, or nipple discharge. Diagnostic tests include biopsy and mammography. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy depending on the stage of cancer. Regular breast self-exams and screening can help detect cancer early and improve outcomes.
This document provides an overview of breast cancer, including anatomy, histology, risk factors, screening, diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses the lymphatic drainage of the breast and hormones involved. Common breast lesions and cancer types are described along with their morphology. Genetic risk factors like BRCA1 and BRCA2 are explained. Screening recommendations include annual mammography starting at age 40. Diagnostic tools covered are mammography, ultrasound, MRI, and biopsy. Biomarkers discussed include hormone receptors and HER2/neu. Risk assessment models like Oncotype DX are mentioned for prognosis and guiding treatment.
- Screening through mammography can reduce breast cancer mortality but not incidence, and is only cost-effective for higher risk groups. Tamoxifen and other SERMs, as well as lifestyle changes, hormonal treatments, and preventative surgeries can significantly reduce breast cancer risk. MRI is an effective screening tool for high-risk groups. Prophylactic mastectomy can reduce breast cancer risk in BRCA mutation carriers by 90%. Regular screening and preventative measures are important for detecting and reducing breast cancer incidence across populations with varying levels of risk.
Breast cancer. TNM as a logical model in Cancer DiagnosisEneutron
The document discusses various diagnostic procedures and pathologies related to breast cancer. It describes diagnostic procedures to evaluate the tumor (T), lymph nodes (N), and metastases (M) which are used to determine a TNM stage. Imaging techniques like mammography and MRI are mentioned. Different breast pathologies are then summarized like ductal carcinoma, lobular carcinoma, phyllodes tumor, sarcoma, Paget's disease, and inflammatory breast cancer. Breast cancer diagnostic procedures and pathologies are classified in a logical TNM model to determine clinical diagnosis and guide therapy choices.
The document provides information on staging, grading, and management of breast carcinoma. It discusses the TNM classification system for primary tumor size, lymph node involvement, and metastasis. It also describes breast cancer staging based on TNM classification and 5-year survival rates. The document outlines methods for grading invasive breast cancers and discusses sentinel lymph node biopsy techniques. It then provides details on various surgical approaches for breast cancer management including total mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy, and breast-conserving surgeries. It also discusses radiotherapy and hormone/chemotherapy options and complications of treatment.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. There are several types including ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), and invasive ductal carcinoma. Treatment depends on cancer type and stage. For early-stage disease, lumpectomy with radiation or mastectomy are equivalent options. Lumpectomy is preferred for cosmetic reasons when possible. Reconstruction options are available for patients undergoing mastectomy.
breast cancer
cancer
epidemiology
community medicine
awareness of breast cancer
سرطان الثدي
وبائيات سرطان الثدي
epidemiology of breast cancer
prevention of breast cancer
risk factors of breast cancer
epidemiology of breast cancer in iraq
sign and symptoms of breast cancer
location of breast cancer
This document provides information about breast anatomy, noncancerous breast conditions, breast cancer, risk factors for breast cancer, staging of breast cancer, types of breast cancer, signs and symptoms of breast cancer, methods of detecting breast cancer including clinical examination, mammography, breast self-examination, serum tumor markers, sonogram, scintimammography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, fine-needle aspiration, and core-needle biopsy. It describes the components of the breast including lobes, ducts, lymph nodes, and their functions. It also outlines risk factors, types, staging, detection, and diagnosis of breast cancer.
Breast cancer forms in the breast tissues and spreads mainly through the lymphatic system. Risk factors include gender, age, family history, and certain lifestyle habits. Signs include lumps, skin changes, and nipple discharge. Diagnosis involves exams, mammograms, biopsies and imaging tests. The cancer is staged based on tumor size, lymph node involvement and metastasis. Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, drug therapy, and chemotherapy. Radiation therapy is delivered in multiple sessions over several weeks and aims to kill cancer cells while minimizing side effects like skin changes, fatigue and nerve damage.
This document discusses techniques for breast examination and signs of breast cancer. It describes various types of lumps, skin changes, and nipple disorders that may indicate breast cancer, including hard or soft lumps, skin dimpling or redness, nipple inversion or discharge. It also summarizes ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, and how cancer can spread through lymph or blood vessels. Risk factors like genetics, lifestyle, and environment that may contribute to breast cancer development are outlined. Diagrams depict breast anatomy and different stages of cancer progression.
Breast cancer is diagnosed much more frequently in women than in men, with around 200,000 new cases diagnosed in women compared to only around 1,000 in men each year. Both women and men can develop breast cancer and it is typically treated through chemotherapy to kill cancer cells, radiation therapy to stop cell growth, or surgery to remove tumors and cancerous lymph nodes.
It contains details about breast carcinoma-pathology,investigations and diagnosis,NACT,surgery and adjuvant therapy. Hope you will find it helpful.....
The document provides information on breast cancer incidence and mortality rates around the world. It shows that Western Europe has the highest incidence of breast cancer in females at 67.4 per 100,000 population, while South Central Asia has the lowest at 21.2 per 100,000. Despite increasing cases of breast cancer being diagnosed, the number of deaths is lower thanks to early detection and improved treatments.
Treatment of breast cancer by Dr.Syed Alam ZebSyed Alam Zeb
The document discusses various methods for classifying, staging, and treating breast cancer, including surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and monoclonal antibodies. Treatment options depend on factors like cancer type and stage, age, hormone receptor status, and menopausal status. Guidelines are provided for adjuvant systemic treatment based on node status and other risk factors for both premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Risk factors include age, family history, lifestyle factors. Diagnosis involves clinical exam, imaging like mammography, and biopsy. Treatment depends on cancer stage but commonly includes surgery, radiation, hormone therapy and chemotherapy. Prognosis depends on cancer stage and tumor characteristics, with 5-year survival rates ranging from 100% for stage I to 18% for stage IV metastatic cancer.
Cancer is the abnormal, uncontrollable replication of cells which can lead to tumor formation. Breast cancer forms in the breast tissues and spreads mainly through the lymphatic system. The normal document provides detailed information about breast anatomy, the lymphatic system, types of breast lumps and cancers, signs and symptoms of breast cancer, risk factors, diagnostic tests, staging of breast cancer, and treatment options which include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted drug therapy, and biological therapy.
Madam Asiah, age 35, was admitted to the ward with generalized abdominal pain, more on the right side and back. She has stage IV bilateral breast cancer and is scheduled for surgery. The doctor wants assessments of nausea/vomiting due to chemotherapy and interventions to improve nutrition. Counseling will also be provided to address changes to her body image and self-esteem from the cancer treatments. Pain management interventions are needed to relieve her discomfort.
1) The document discusses management of breast cancer, including diagnosis, staging, treatment options, and controversial issues.
2) It provides statistics on breast cancer incidence worldwide and in Egypt, noting it is one of the most common cancers in Egyptian females.
3) Projections estimate the number of breast cancer cases in Egypt could double from 2025 to 2050 as the population grows, posing greater challenges for cancer control efforts.
This document discusses breast cancer epidemiology and risk factors. It begins by describing the normal structure of the breast and types of breast cancer. The most common type is invasive ductal carcinoma. Risk factors include being a woman and aging, as well as factors like family history, early menstruation, late pregnancy/childbirth, and not breastfeeding. Environmental factors like chemicals that mimic estrogen may also increase risk. While some risk factors cannot be changed, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and limiting chemical exposure may help lower breast cancer risk.
Breast cancer starts in the cells of the breast and can spread to other parts of the body. There are several types of breast cancer including ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, inflammatory breast cancer, and metastatic breast cancer. While the exact causes are unknown, risk factors include gender, age, genetics, family history, personal history, menstrual periods, pregnancy history, and breastfeeding. Signs and symptoms include a lump or thickening in the breast. Investigations include mammography, ultrasound, and biopsy. Treatment involves surgery to remove the tumor, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy. Prevention strategies incorporate lifestyle factors and screening includes clinical breast exams and mammograms.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, with over 1 million new cases each year. In the US, a woman has a 1 in 8 chance of developing breast cancer in her lifetime. While mammography and other screening can increase early detection and improve outcomes, breast cancer treatment continues to evolve with newer targeted therapies and an emphasis on quality of life. Research is also focused on prevention through lifestyle changes and chemoprevention, as well as developing vaccines for aggressive subtypes like triple negative breast cancer.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, with over 1 million new cases each year. In the US, a woman has a 1 in 8 chance of developing breast cancer in her lifetime. While mammography and other screening can detect breast cancer early and improve outcomes, treatment still presents physical, emotional and financial challenges for patients. Research into new targeted therapies and prevention strategies aims to further reduce the impact of this disease.
Myths And Facts About Breast Cancer.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in the world, with around 2.26 million new cases diagnosed each year. With around 0.7 million fatalities per year worldwide, it is one of the major causes of death among female cancer patients. It is quite common in those aged 25 to 70, with peak prevalence in women aged 50 to 69.
Breast cancer occurs when a pre-cancerous tumour progresses to a malignant tumour in a multi-stage process that is triggered by abnormal and uncontrolled growth of normal cells. These abnormalities are brought on by physical carcinogens (ultraviolet and ionising radiation), chemical carcinogens (alcohol, aflatoxin, tobacco smoke), and biological carcinogens (viral infections, bacteria, or parasites). Breast cancer risk is also increased by genetic factors. 5 to 10% of breast cancer instances are caused by genetic abnormalities passed down through a family’s generations.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. In India, rates are increasing, with one woman being diagnosed every four minutes. Breast cancer incidence is rising in younger Indian women between ages 30-40. There are several types of breast cancer, with invasive ductal carcinoma being the most common globally and in India. Indian women experience significant psychosocial distress from breast cancer due to factors such as fear of recurrence, changes to body image, and relationship and employment issues. More efforts are needed in India to increase awareness of breast cancer risks, screening, and support services to help reduce the physical and emotional burden of the disease.
Treatment of breast cancer by chemotherapy AsifaKanwal1
This document discusses the treatment of breast cancer using chemotherapy. It begins with an introduction to breast cancer, its causes, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and general treatment options. It then focuses on chemotherapy as a treatment, describing the different types of chemotherapy drugs used to treat breast cancer like doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil, and epirubicin. It discusses how these drugs work and their common side effects. The document provides details on chemotherapy regimens and administration methods like intravenous or oral routes. Overall, it provides a comprehensive overview of chemotherapy as a treatment for breast cancer.
According to Dr. Vo Dang Hung, Director of TMMC Healthcare's Oncology Center. Breast Cancer is the most popular cancer among women. Know your risks and get frequent Breast Cancer Screenings to protect yourself.
Breast Cancer Screening Essay
The document discusses the benefits of mammograms in detecting breast cancer early, especially for women in their forties and fifties. However, mammograms have limitations as they can miss some cancers and lead to unnecessary biopsies. Women should be informed of both the benefits and limitations of regular breast cancer screening. The purpose of mammograms is to find small breast cancers early, but they can be difficult to detect in women with dense breast tissue. Screening mammograms have been found to identify 66% of breast cancers in women and 51% in women under 50.
This document provides information about colorectal cancer, including:
1) It is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in the US. Risk increases with age, with most cases occurring in people over 50.
2) Known risk factors include diet high in red/processed meats, obesity, smoking, personal or family history of colorectal cancer or polyps, and certain inherited genetic syndromes.
3) The most common inherited syndromes linked to colorectal cancer are Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) and Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC), which account for about 5-10
Linking Breast Cancer & our Environment - Resources for Healthy Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - For more information, Please see Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613963 - Gardening with Volcanic Rock Dust www.scribd.com/doc/254613846 - Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech www.scribd.com/doc/254613765 - Free School Gardening Art Posters www.scribd.com/doc/254613694 - Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 - Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - City Chickens for your Organic School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254613553 - Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica www.scribd.com/doc/254613494 - Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide www.scribd.com/doc/254613410 - Free Organic Gardening Publications www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 ~ wecf.eu
Dharamshila Cancer Hospital & Research Canter is one of the best breast cancer treatment centers situated in the lap of Delhi, India. At DHRC, we strongly believe that everybody should be well aware of the symptoms, cure and prevention techniques of breast cancer. There are multiple things which can you undertake to control and minimize its dreadful symptoms.
Dharamshila Cancer Hospital & Research Canter is one of the best breast cancer treatment centers situated in the lap of Delhi, India. At DHRC, we strongly believe that everybody should be well aware of the symptoms, cure and prevention techniques of breast cancer. There are multiple things which can you undertake to control and minimize its dreadful symptoms.
This document provides information on endometrial cancer including its definition, incidence, epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, investigation, pathology, classification, staging, and treatment. It notes that endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer, occurring most often in post-menopausal women. Common risk factors include obesity, diabetes, infertility, and family history. The main symptom is abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially after menopause. Treatment depends on staging and may involve surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or hormonal therapy.
Breast cancer starts in the breast tissue and can spread to other parts of the body. There are two main types: ductal carcinoma, which starts in the ducts, and lobular carcinoma, which starts in the lobules. Symptoms vary but may include breast swelling, nipple discharge, breast pain, and breast lumps. Risk factors include gender, age, family history, dense breast tissue, and radiation exposure. Treatment options are surgery to remove the breast, chemotherapy using drugs to stop cancer cell growth, and radiation therapy using x-rays or implants to kill cancer cells. Prevention methods include limiting alcohol, controlling weight, and breastfeeding.
Global Medical Cures™ | BREAST CANCER- Reducing the Risk with MedicineGlobal Medical Cures™
Global Medical Cures™ | BREAST CANCER- Reducing the Risk with Medicine
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
The document discusses breast cancer, including its history, causes, symptoms, treatment options, and prevention strategies. It notes that Hippocrates originally called tumors "cancer" because he thought they resembled crabs. It provides statistics on breast cancer rates and discusses the mother of the author inspiring her project on breast cancer due to her involvement with fundraising organizations. The document aims to educate the reader on breast cancer through discussing its origins, effects, diagnosis, and management.
This document summarizes epidemiological data on breast cancer incidence and mortality rates globally and in various countries and populations. It finds that breast cancer incidence is highest in more developed countries and among white women in the US. Known risk factors include reproductive factors like early menarche, nulliparity, late age at first birth, and lack of breastfeeding; exogenous hormones from oral contraceptives and post-menopausal hormones; family history and genetic factors; and certain medical factors.
As an Obstetrics & Gynaecology, member of National Breast Cancer Foundation and a woman I find it very important to raise awareness about the importance of early detection of Breast Cancer. Make a difference! Spread the word about mammograms and encourage communities, organisations, your friends and family memebrs to get involved! Your help matters...
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
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Breast cancer
1. Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer is a dangerous disease for a woman. Worldwide, breast cancer is the
most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancers in women and every year, among
the women have died of breast cancer.
Definition of breast cancer: Cancer that forms in tissues of the breast. Type of breast
cancer is lobular carcinoma, which begins in the lobules (milk glands) of the breast.
Another The most common type of breast cancer is ductal carcinoma, which begins in
the lining of the milk ducts (thin tubes that carry milk from the lobules of the breast to the
nipple).
Cause of Breast Cancer: Cause of breast cancer isn’t making it difficult to say why
women’s are developing their breast cancer. But its risk fact :
1) Research says age is a big factor for increasing breast cancer. Over 50
years old women are attacked by breast cancer. About 8 out of 10 cases of
breast cancer occurs in women over 50. Risk goes up with age.
2) When your relative is attacked by beast cancer, then you have a higher risk
by developing breast cancer.For example, same side of your family, mother
sister or daughter and who have breast cancer the age of 50.
3) Breast Cancer risk is related gender and Genetic factors. For gender reason, It is
more common for women. Again For Genetic reason, Inherited changes
(mutations) in certain genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2 can increase the risk.
4) Your risk of developing breast cancer can increase with the amount of alcohol you
drink. Research shows that for every 200 women who regularly have two alcoholic
drinks a day, there are three more women with breast cancer, compared with
women who don't drink at all.
5) Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is associated with a slightly increased risk of
developing breast cancer. Both combined HRT and oestrogen-only HRT can
increase your risk of developing breast cancer, although the risk is slightly higher if
you take combined HRT.
It's estimated that there will be an extra 19 cases of breast cancer for every 1,000
women taking combined HRT for 10 years. The risk continues to increase slightly
the longer you take HRT, but returns to normal once you stop taking it.
Treatment for Breast Cancer Patients:
2. There are different types of treatment. Clinical Trials helps to improve current
treatments or obtain information on new treatments for patients with cancer.
If you have breast cancer you need to contact a specialist doctor and get some
treatment. There is the main treatment for breast cancer patients:
1) Surgery
2) Surgery
3) Radiation therapy
4) Chemotherapy
5) Hormone therapy
6) Bone-directed therapy
7) Biological therapy (targeted therapy)
The type or combination of treatments you have will depend on how the cancer was
diagnosed and the stage it's at. Now you have to decide what treatment suitable for you.
It’s always depend on doctors prescription.
Food list for Breast Cancer patients:
Mushrooms Broccoli
Sprouts Pomegranates
Lentils Walnuts
Bluberries Spinach
Eggs Salmon
Women’s really take it seriously because it causes death. Its increasing day by day all
over the world. So we need to take care of it.
amount of alcohol you drink amount of alcohol you drink