The OECD's climate change expert group emphasizes the importance of tracking climate finance to improve accountability and learning, necessitating clear definitions and key performance indicators for effective programming. Different countries face challenges with varying monitoring frameworks and the intricacies of private sector finance tracking, while estimating impacts can differ based on the scale and timing of activities. Key indicators like USD/t CO2 are crucial for measuring cost-effectiveness, but the complexity of various climate activities can make reporting burdensome and necessitates careful verification to avoid double counting.

1. Climate Change Expert Group www.oecd.org/env/cc/ccxg.htm
Tracking the use, impact and
estimated results of support
received
Co-facilitators: Diann Black-Layne, Tomonori Sudo
CCXG Global Forum on the Environment and Climate Change
13 September 2016

2. 2 Climate Change Expert Group
Tracking where climate finance (CF) is
used
 Tracking helps to improve accountability, learning
 Need to define what CF comprises (at national level) in order to
be able to track it – CPEIR useful for this
 Defining key performance indicators is important to make
programming decisions, as well as in communicating overall
impact. Need to define these up front.
 Given multiplicity of climate activities and multiple aims of a
climate activity, need multiple indicators – identifying appropriate
number and aims is country driven
 Reporting on multiple KPIs can be resource-intensive
 Different monitoring frameworks in place in different countries,
with different institutional arrangements
 Private sector climate finance is difficult to track in all countries

3. 3 Climate Change Expert Group
Approaches to estimating impacts
 Differentiated by:
o Scale: programme, project, portfolio
o When made: ex ante vs ex post
o Time-period: short-term vs long-term impacts (can be
significantly different, because of timelag)
 Approaches for estimating impacts for mitigation and
adaptation activities can be different (potentially qualitative
for adaptation, capacity building)
 USD/t CO2 is a key indicator for cost effectiveness of
mitigation projects but may not also be used to measure
long term impact;
 Co-benefits and sustainable development indicators (e.g.
jobs created) can also be used but can get unwieldy
 Estimating impacts can be difficult for spending on research
and development, capacity building, etc.

4. 4 Climate Change Expert Group
Other issues
 Need to limit reporting burden
 Who will track, how often?
 Verification systems essential: who, when, how, why?
 Avoiding double counting an important component for
the tracking of climate finance, both in terms of flows
and estimated impacts
 Publishing and sharing of information on the estimated
results, use and impact of climate finance would be
beneficial