Brain fingerprinting is a technique developed by Dr. Lawrence Farwell to detect information stored in the brain. It works by measuring brain wave responses called MERMERs that are elicited when a person sees or hears familiar information. During a brain fingerprinting test, a subject views stimuli while wearing an EEG cap to record brain waves, and the presence or absence of a MERMER can indicate whether information is stored in their memory. It has applications in national security, medical diagnosis of conditions like Alzheimer's, and improving advertising effectiveness. Studies have found it to identify criminals and stored information with 100% accuracy.