The brachial plexus is formed by the anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C5-T1. It is responsible for motor and sensory innervation to the upper limb. The brachial plexus consists of roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and branches. The cords include the lateral, medial, and posterior cords. Each cord gives off branches that supply specific muscles and areas of the arm, forearm, and hand. Injury to the upper trunk at Erb's point causes Erb's palsy, paralyzing muscles innervated by C5-C6 including the biceps, deltoid, and supraspinator. This results in the arm hanging limply at

1. BRACHIAL PLEXUS
RAMAKANT SAINI
BPT 1st year

2. BRACHIAL PLEXUS
Brachial plexus is the network of nerves that
sends signals from spinal cord to upper limb
(shoulder, arm and hand ).
Brachial plexus is responsible for motor as
well as sensory innervations to upper limb.
Brachial plexus is formed by the anterior
primary rami of c5 - t1 spinal nerves.
FORMATION

3. BRACHIAL PLEXUS IS CONSISTS OF -
 ROOTS
 TRUNKS
 DIVISIONS
 CORS
 BRANCHES

4. • C5
• C6
Upper Trunk (superior
trunk)
• c7 Middle Trunk
• c8
• T1
Lower Trunk
(inferior trunk)
Roots join to form trunks
ROOTS TRUNK

5. o Upper T
o Middle T
o Lower T
Anterior
posterior
Anterior
posterior
Anterior
posterior
Trunks DIVISIONS
Trunks split to form Divisions

6. A
P
A
A
P
P
U T
M T
L T
LATERAL CORD
MEDIAL CORD
POSTERIOR CORD
DIVISIONS CORDS

8. BRANCHES
Cord give of branches !!
BRANCHES OFLATERAL CORD
1- Lateral pectoral nerve
Pectoralis major muscle.
Pectoralis minor muscle.
2- Musculocutaneous nerve
Muscle of front of arm.
Coracobrachialis.
Both head of biceps brachii.
Brachialis.
3- Lateral root of median
nerve
Muscle of front of forearm.
Muscle of thenar eminence.
SUPPLIES

9. BRANCHES OFPOSTERIOR CORD SUPPLIES
1- Upper subscapular nerve Subscapularis muscle.
2- Thorcodorsal nerve Latissimus dorsi.
3- Lower subscapular nerve Subscapularis muscle.
Teres major.
4- Axillary nerve
Deltoid muscle.
Teres minor.
5- Radial nerve Triceps brachii muscle.
12 muscles on the back
of forearm.

10. BRANCHES OF MEDIAL CORD SUPPLIES
1- Medial pectoral nerve
Pectoralis major and
Pectoralis minor
muscle.
2- Medial cutaneous
nerve of arm
Carries sensory impulses
from a small area of medial
side of Arm.
3- Medial cutaneous
nerve of forearm
Carries sensory impulses
from a large area of medial
side of forearm.
4- Ulnar nerve
One and half muscle of
front of forearm.
15 intrinsic muscle of palm.
5- Medial root of median
nerve

12. Injury of upper trunk at Erb’s point is called erb`s paralysis
Erb`s Paralysis
Causes of injury:-
• Birth injury.
• Fall on the shoulder.
• During anaesthesia.
Nerves roots involve
C5 and c6.

13. Muscles paralysed:-
• Biceps brachii
• brachialis
• brachioradialis
• deltoid
• supraspinatus
• Infraspinatus
• supinator
Deformity and position of the
limb
Arm: hangs by the side , adduct and medially
rotated .
Forearm: Extended and pronated.
The deformity is known as ‘policeman`s tip
hand’ or waiter`s tip hand.

14. Disability:- The following movement are lost .
• Abduction and lateral rotation of the arm.
• flexion and supination of the forearm.
• sensations are lost over a small area over the
lower part of deltoid.

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