The bottle gourd is a vigorous, annual climbing vine grown commonly in India. It produces large leaves and fruit in various shapes depending on variety. Popular varieties include CO1, PKM 1, and Pusa Megdoot. The best season for sowing is January to July with a spacing of 30cm between plants. Bottle gourd grows best in sandy loam soil with a pH of 6-6.5 and requires support after 3-4 months. Regular fertilization and pruning are needed to maintain high yields. The fruits mature 60-120 days after sowing and are harvested when the skin is tender and easy to pierce.
Origin, Distribution, Botanical description, Cytogenetics, Genetic resources, Climate and soil, Propagation, Manures and fertilizers, Irrigation, Interculture, Use of PGR, Plant protection, Harvesting, Yield and Storage of Sponge gourd
All about production technology of Papaya (Climate, soil, varieties, propagation, planting & spacing, nutrient management, irrigation and fertigation, training and pruning, intercultural operations, papain extraction, harvesting and yield, major diseases, major pests, major disorders)
PAPAYA – SOIL, CLIMATE, WATER AND NUTRIENT
MANAGEMENT, PAPAIN EXTRACTION, USES,
PESTS AND DISEASES MANAGEMENT
Sharad Bisen
courtesy: open Source Study Material
Hill Agriculture: Economics and Sustainability for creating more awareness regarding hill agriculture in India. This book contains articles contributed by different authors from all over India including North Eastern Hill Region. The book tries to cover all aspects of hill agriculture related to economics of different enterprises, marketing and sustainability. The broad theme of book is divided into following sub-themes: Performance of Hill Agriculture in India/Public/Private Support for hill Agriculture/Organic farming in Hills: Status, Scope and Economics/Horticulture in Hills: Status, Scope and Economics/Agricultural Marketing in hills: Status, Marketed Surplus, Producers’ share, Interventions etc./Status of Land Reforms and Agricultural holdings/Agricultural Credit and Insurance/ Using ICT in Hill Agriculture/Facing the Challenges of WTO in Hill Agriculture/Sustainability Issues in Hill Agriculture
the vegetables are grown more than two years. These are very rich in minerals and nutrient.THESE NOT GROWN IN LARGE QUANTITIES.some of the perrenial vegetable are drumstick,ivygourd,pointed gourd,artichoke,cassava,taro,chow chow
Parijata Flower - night flowering jasmine PPT.pptxsanthisanthi21
Parijat, that goes by the scientific name Nyctanthes arbor tristis belongs to the Oleaceae family. It is a small tree or a shrub growing up to 33 feet tall with a grey flaky bark. The leaves are quite broad, lanceolate with a margin. The flowers look breath-taking with 5 to 8 white corolla petals, having an orangish-red centre. They mainly bloom at night, and fall down as the dawn appears, forming the white icy carpet. The fruit of this plant is brown in colour, round to heart shaped capsule of 2 cm diameter containing a single seed. Parijat chiefly grows on rocky ground in dry hill shades, dry deciduous forests or at sea-level up to 1500 m altitude with a wide range of rainfall patterns, from seasonal to non-seasonal and is tolerant to moderate shade. It thrives well in a wide variety of loamy soils and in soils found in average gardening environments. This flower is found in abundance in West Bengal, India and also in Kanchanaburi Province in Thailand. Parijat is loaded with medicinal qualities and is native to Southeast Asia and South Asia.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. cauliflower, ( Brassica oleracea, variety botrytis ), highly modified form of cabbage in the mustard family ( Brassicaceae ), grown for its edible masses of partially developed flower structures and fleshy stalks.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Origin, Distribution, Botanical description, Cytogenetics, Genetic resources, Climate and soil, Propagation, Manures and fertilizers, Irrigation, Interculture, Use of PGR, Plant protection, Harvesting, Yield and Storage of Sponge gourd
All about production technology of Papaya (Climate, soil, varieties, propagation, planting & spacing, nutrient management, irrigation and fertigation, training and pruning, intercultural operations, papain extraction, harvesting and yield, major diseases, major pests, major disorders)
PAPAYA – SOIL, CLIMATE, WATER AND NUTRIENT
MANAGEMENT, PAPAIN EXTRACTION, USES,
PESTS AND DISEASES MANAGEMENT
Sharad Bisen
courtesy: open Source Study Material
Hill Agriculture: Economics and Sustainability for creating more awareness regarding hill agriculture in India. This book contains articles contributed by different authors from all over India including North Eastern Hill Region. The book tries to cover all aspects of hill agriculture related to economics of different enterprises, marketing and sustainability. The broad theme of book is divided into following sub-themes: Performance of Hill Agriculture in India/Public/Private Support for hill Agriculture/Organic farming in Hills: Status, Scope and Economics/Horticulture in Hills: Status, Scope and Economics/Agricultural Marketing in hills: Status, Marketed Surplus, Producers’ share, Interventions etc./Status of Land Reforms and Agricultural holdings/Agricultural Credit and Insurance/ Using ICT in Hill Agriculture/Facing the Challenges of WTO in Hill Agriculture/Sustainability Issues in Hill Agriculture
the vegetables are grown more than two years. These are very rich in minerals and nutrient.THESE NOT GROWN IN LARGE QUANTITIES.some of the perrenial vegetable are drumstick,ivygourd,pointed gourd,artichoke,cassava,taro,chow chow
Parijata Flower - night flowering jasmine PPT.pptxsanthisanthi21
Parijat, that goes by the scientific name Nyctanthes arbor tristis belongs to the Oleaceae family. It is a small tree or a shrub growing up to 33 feet tall with a grey flaky bark. The leaves are quite broad, lanceolate with a margin. The flowers look breath-taking with 5 to 8 white corolla petals, having an orangish-red centre. They mainly bloom at night, and fall down as the dawn appears, forming the white icy carpet. The fruit of this plant is brown in colour, round to heart shaped capsule of 2 cm diameter containing a single seed. Parijat chiefly grows on rocky ground in dry hill shades, dry deciduous forests or at sea-level up to 1500 m altitude with a wide range of rainfall patterns, from seasonal to non-seasonal and is tolerant to moderate shade. It thrives well in a wide variety of loamy soils and in soils found in average gardening environments. This flower is found in abundance in West Bengal, India and also in Kanchanaburi Province in Thailand. Parijat is loaded with medicinal qualities and is native to Southeast Asia and South Asia.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. cauliflower, ( Brassica oleracea, variety botrytis ), highly modified form of cabbage in the mustard family ( Brassicaceae ), grown for its edible masses of partially developed flower structures and fleshy stalks.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Buy the Coleus Giant Exhibition plant online from Santhi online plants nursery website.
Coleus Giant Exhibition is a beautiful, colorful, and easy-to-grow plant that’s perfect for any indoor or outdoor space. It’s a great addition to any home or office. These plants have been bred for their showy colors, and there is no need to worry about watering since they love dry soil. You can buy cheap plants online from our website. The plant produces giant, densely-packed foliage that is deep green on top and a candy apple red and white on the bottom. This variety can be propagated easily. and can be grown in both the ground and in a pot. We offer online plants from our state-of-the-art nursery.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Also known as the drumstick tree, the miracle tree, the ben oil tree, or the horseradish tree, people have used moringa for centuries due to its health benefits. In this article, find out what moringa is, which benefits it might offer, and possible side effects.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
pomegranate, ( Punica granatum ), bush or small tree of the family Lythraceae and its fruit. The juicy arils of the fruit are eaten fresh, and the juice is the source of grenadine syrup, used in flavourings and liqueurs. Pomegranate is high in dietary fibre, folic acid, vitamin C, and vitamin K.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
cauliflower, ( Brassica oleracea, variety botrytis ), highly modified form of cabbage in the mustard family ( Brassicaceae ), grown for its edible masses of partially developed flower structures and fleshy stalks. Cauliflower is high in vitamins C and K and is frequently served as a cooked vegetable or used raw in salads and relishes.
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Immature fruits are used in curries and a variety of dishes are prepared out of brinjal. Fruits are moderate sources of vitamins and minerals like phosphorous, calcium and iron and nutritive value varies from variety to variety. Brinjal is a warm season crop and requires a long warm growing season. It is very susceptible to frost.
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Bougainvillea produces bracts in a range of colors, from hot pink, red and orange to purple, white, and yellow. In the language of flowers, bougainvillea stands for passion. To the Victorians, a gift of bougainvillea was meant to ignite passion. In other parts of the world, bougainvillea flowers stand for welcoming visitors, peace, and free trade.
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Pumpkin is a fruit of three varieties of squash: Cucurbita pepo, Cucurbita argyrosperma, and Cucurbita moschata. It's recognizable thanks to its hard rind carved with grooves. Pumpkin varieties can be yellow, orange, white, or even green, red, blue, or mixes of color.
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A rose is a plant that is a member of the genus Rosa, which consists of some 100 species of perennial shrubs in the rose family. Many roses are cultivated for their beautiful flowers, which range in colour from white through various tones of yellow and pink to dark crimson and maroon.
Syngonium is a family of plants that has amazing tropical plants for beginning plant owners. Syngoniums come in all shapes and sizes and have beautiful patterns on their leaves and stems. They're great plants for those of you who like to spend a little bit more time on your plants.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
A rose is a plant that is a member of the genus Rosa, which consists of some 100 species of perennial shrubs in the rose family. Many roses are cultivated for their beautiful flowers, which range in colour from white through various tones of yellow and pink to dark crimson and maroon.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Syngonium is a family of plants that has amazing tropical plants for beginning plant owners. Syngoniums come in all shapes and sizes and have beautiful patterns on their leaves and stems. They're great plants for those of you who like to spend a little bit more time on your plants.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Thunbergia is a genus of flowering plants native to tropical regions of Africa, Madagascar, and southern Asia . Its members are known by various names, including Thunbergias and Clockvine. Thunbergia on its own usually refers to Thunbergia grandiflora, while Thunbergia alata is often known as Black-eyed Susan Vine or just Black-eyed Susan.
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Tulsi, also known as the Indian basil or the holy basil, is often referred to in India as the Queen of Herbs. Considered a holy herb, it is grown in almost every Hindu household. Apart from being considered holy, tulsi is also revered as a great healer.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
The technique of plant tissue culture, i.e., culturing plant cells or tissues in artificial medium supplemented with required nutrients, has many applications in efficient clonal propagation (true to the type or similar) which may be difficult via conventional breeding methods.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Including tomatoes in the diet can help protect against cancer, maintain healthy blood pressure, and reduce blood glucose in people with diabetes.
Tomatoes contain key carotenoids such as lutein and lycopene. These can protect the eye against light-induced damage.
Eat more tomatoes by adding them to wraps or sandwiches, sauces, or salsas. Alternatively, eat them cooked or stewed, as these preparation methods can boost the availability of key nutrients.
Tomatoes are in the top ten fruits and vegetables for containing levels of pesticide residue. Wash tomatoes before eating.
The age-old question actually has an answer—it's both! Tomatoes are fruits that are considered vegetables by nutritionists. Botanically, a fruit is a ripened flower ovary and contains seeds. Tomatoes, plums, zucchinis, and melons are all edible fruits, but things like maple “helicopters” and floating dandelion puffs are fruits too
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Lilies are a collection of flowering plants significant in literature and culture worldwide. The scientific name of lily is Lilium. Despite having “lily” in their common names, many other plants are not true lilies because they do not fall under the same genus.
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jasmine, (genus Jasminum ), also spelled jessamine, genus of about 200 species of fragrant-flowered shrubs and vines of the olive family ( Oleaceae ). The plants are native to tropical and to some temperate areas of the Old World. Several are cultivated as ornamentals. Most true jasmines have climbing branches without tendrils
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
2. Bottle gourd
The bottle gourd is a vigorous, annual, running
or climbing vine with large leaves and a lush
appearance
3. As Climber
The bottle gourd plants have commonly cultivated
plants in India. Most of the Cucurbitaceae vegetable
plants are annual climbing vines with wide leaves &
those are edible. The fruit has various shapes. And
the shape depends upon the varieties.
4. Varieties
Popular varieties are CO1, PKM 1, PLR 2, PLR
1(salad type), Pusa Megdoot, Arka Bahar, TNAU
Bottle Gourd Hybrid CO1 & Pusa Summer Prolific
Long.
5. Season & Spacing
Best season for sowing bottle gourd seeds is during
January & July. This vegetable plant spacing needs
to be 30 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm at the size of 2.5*2
meters.
6. Soil
This vegetable plant prefers to grow in sandy loamy soil with good
drainage preferably acidic pH of 6 to 6.5 & plant thrives well at good
organic potting mix.
7. Plant Training
After 3 to 4 months’ plant requires support
for their growth. This plant can be
supported through bamboo sticks or any
dried branches of woody plants.
8. Fertilize
r
Application of organic Farm yard manure
around the plants monthly once or twice
around the plants will results in high
yielding fruits.
9. Pruning
Trim the old dried plant parts. At regular
intervals removal of rotten fruit from plant
during the rainy season.
10. Maturity indices of bottle gourd
Bottle gourds are permitted to obtain a maximum maturity
on the vine before harvest. The fruits are ready for harvest
60-120 days after sowing depending on the variety
11. Harvesting time
Best stage to harvest is when fruits have soft, smooth
surface and you can push your fingernail through the
skin or scrape it easily.
12. yields
The fruit should be harvested when the rind of
the fruit is very tender and green.
The average yield is l00-150q/ha. In houseplant
each plant can produce up to 5 fruits/plant.
Bottle gourd may be harvested 55-75 days after
sowing.
13. Benefits
Bottle gourd contains a good amount of vitamin C, B,
Folate, Iron, Zinc & Calcium.
It contains a high amount of choline, a neurotransmitter
which are good for brain function.
String music instruments made from dried bottle gourds
like Khanjiri, Tumba, Veena, & others.
