Application High Availability and Upgrades Using Oracle GoldenGate

Application High Availability and
Upgrades Using Oracle GoldenGate
March 2016

We are a global systems integrator specializing on the Oracle platform
•  Specialized Group Within Accenture Operations
–  120 Consultants with an average of 15+ years of Oracle experience
–  Worldwide leader in Exadata implementations (500+ performed to date)
–  21 Oracle ACE members and directors
•  Numerous Oracle specializations
•  Accenture Engineered Systems Innovation Center
•  http://registration.accenture.com/ehome/e4/home
Accenture Enkitec Group
Copyright © 2015 Accenture All rights reserved. 2
•  Oracle Data Warehouse
•  Oracle Real Application Cluster
•  Oracle Performance Tuning
•  Oracle Database Security
•  Oracle Database
•  Oracle Exadata
•  Oracle GoldenGate
•  Oracle Data Integrator

Infrastructure Principal
•  17 years of Oracle Experience
•  Completed multiple Sybase to Oracle RAC conversions
•  Migrated numerous systems using Oracle GoldenGate to Oracle Engineered Systems
•  Designed and deployed an Active / Active database solution for a shipment tracking system
•  Architected a solution to process xml messages using Oracle XMLDB
•  Visit my blog @ stborden.wordpress.com
Shane Borden
Copyright © 2015 Accenture All rights reserved. 3

4
Agenda
•  Planning for an Active / Active Solution
•  GoldenGate Architecture
•  Replication Topology
•  GoldenGate Conflict Detection and Resolution
•  Demonstration
•  Monitoring
•  Summary
•  Questions
Copyright © 2015 Accenture All rights reserved.

Planning for an Active / Active Database Solution
5Copyright © 2015 Accenture All rights reserved.

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•  Why Active / Active
–  Elimination of planned downtime
–  Data locality
–  RPO vs. RTO
–  Use of all purchased capacity
–  Risk-free failover testing
–  Load balancing
•  Potential issues of Active / Active
–  Scenario or rule based approach for data collisions
–  Handling of a Switchover
–  Application Compatibility
–  Performance and Acceptable Transaction Latency
–  Cost

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•  What SMEs should be involved
•  Transaction Mapping
•  Main goal is to MINIMIZE DATA CONFLICTS
•  Discuss application behavior should LAG occur
•  Determine maximum tolerance for site downtime
•  GoldenGate vs. DataGuard
•  Consider introducing Data Guard to handle local failure

GoldenGate Architecture

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GoldenGate Architecture - Overview
Capture
–  Extracts committed
transactions by reading
transaction logs
–  Transactions written to a trail
file
–  Transaction filtering and
transformation available
–  Classic or Integrated mode (if
on Oracle)
Delivery
–  Applies trail records to target
while maintaining
transactional integrity
–  SQL Apply or Integrated mode
(if on Oracle)
Pump
–  Routes and writes trails to
target location.
–  Encryption and compression
also available

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GoldenGate Architecture - Topology

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GoldenGate Architecture - Topology
•  Understand and document where data flows
•  Stick to traditional topologies
•  Avoid Hub and Spoke
–  Unless your design specifically anticipates that from the start

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Front End Network Architecture - Topology
–  Imperative that your networking team is involved
–  Global Site Selector and Load Balancers are an important piece of the puzzle
–  Needed to isolate sites at time of upgrades
–  Also needed in order to ‘stick’ traffic to one site or another

Prepare GoldenGate

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Prepare GoldenGate
Conflict Detection and Resolution
•  Create, verify and document a CDR decision matrix
–  Rule based resolution
•  Decide which column is going to be used for decision process
–  Oftentimes inserted or last updated date is used
–  Other business rules
•  Ensure there is a process to periodically review conflicts
•  Excessive conflicts cause LAG
•  Additional Parameters Required for CDR
–  Integrated vs. Classic

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Hardware Preparations
•  Disk for trail files
–  ACFS / DBFS / NAS
•  Leverage Clusterware for failover management
–  Utilize a VIP address for delivery process
–  Use oraagent script or bundled XA Agents (Preferred) to manage manager / extract / replicat
–  Be aware that clusterware now controls GoldenGate
•  Proper supplemental logging
•  Consider other bottlenecks
–  I/O Performance
Prepare GoldenGate

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Prepare GoldenGate
Clusterware Preparations
•  Add a VIP:
–  srvctl add network -k 2 -S 192.168.56.0/255.255.255.0/eth3 –v
–  srvctl add vip -n orcl11g-rac1 -k 2 -A 192.168.56.0/255.255.255.0/eth3 -v
–  crsctl stat type ora.cluster_vip_net2.type
–  appvipcfg create -network=2 -ip=192.168.56.177 -vipname=orcl11g-ggvip -user=oracle
•  Add Clusterware Resource (deprecated):
–  crsctl add resource orcl11g-rac1-ggateapp -type cluster_resource -attr "ACTION_SCRIPT=
$CRS_HOME/crs/public/goldengate_action.sh, CHECK_INTERVAL=30,
START_DEPENDENCIES='hard(orcl11g-ggvip) pullup(orcl11g-ggvip)',
STOP_DEPENDENCIES='hard(orcl11g-ggvip)',ACL='owner:oracle:rwx,pgrp:dba:rwx,other::r--',
SCRIPT_TIMEOUT=360”
•  Additional Script Needed / Lots of Moving Parts

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Prepare GoldenGate
Clusterware Preparations
•  Bundled XA Agent is Preferred (MOS 1527310.1)
–  Separate Install
–  Get Latest Version
–  Pre-Create the VIP or let the Bundled Agent Create
–  agctl add goldengate gg_soe --gg_home /acfsmounts/acfsvol1/ogg --instance_type source
--nodes orcl11g-rac1,orcl11g-rac2 --vip_name orcl11g-ggvip
--filesystems ora.acfs.acfsvol1.acfs --databases ora.vboxrac.db
--oracle_home /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db --monitor_extracts E_SOE_R1,P_SOE_R1

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Schema Preparations
•  Sequences
–  Avoid Even / Odd Strategy
–  N+10 Strategy
–  Sequence Rollover
•  Identity columns in 12c
•  Understand application changes necessary for CDR
–  Trigger based
–  Application Maintained
–  Mixture
Prepare GoldenGate

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Prepare GoldenGate
Table Preparation
•  Trandata
•  Understand columns for CDR
•  Keep it Simple by Using the Same Column for CDR
•  Determine method to instantiate data used for Conflict Detection / Resolution (CDR)
•  Instantiate CDR Column
–  Beware the NULL Value in Some Versions of GoldenGate
–  One Site or All Sites

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Prepare GoldenGate
Trail File Additional Data and Data Protection
•  Exception handling
•  Consider Metadata to Include in Trail
•  Useful in the Debugging / Error Handling Process
•  Can be Used in Rule Based Apply Within Replicat
•  Handle Potential Transaction Loopback
•  EXCLUDEUSER
•  Process Tags in a Trail Record
•  TRANLOGOPTIONS EXCLUDETAG (extract)
•  DBOPTIONS SETTAG (replicat)

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Target System CDR Parameters
•  Integrated and Classic Replicat:
–  COMPARECOLS
–  ON UPDATE KEYINCLUDING (LAST_UPDT_TMSTP)
–  ON DELETE KEYINCLUDING (LAST_UPDT_TMSTP))
–  UPDATEROWEXISTS, (DEFAULT, USEMAX
(LAST_UPDT_TMSTP))
–  INSERTROWEXISTS, (DEFAULT, USEMAX
(LAST_UPDT_TMSTP))
–  DELETEROWEXISTS, (DEFAULT, OVERWRITE)
–  UPDATEROWMISSING, (DEFAULT, OVERWRITE)
–  DELETEROWMISSING, (DEFAULT, DISCARD)
–  REPERROR (DEFAULT, EXCEPTION);
•  Classic Replicat or Mixed Extract / Replicat Requires
Additional Parameters
GETUPDATEBEFORES
Prepare GoldenGate
Source System CDR Parameters
•  Supplemental logging ALLCOLS always required
•  Integrated Extract:
TRANLOGOPTIONS INTEGRATEDPARAMS (...)
LOGALLSUPCOLS
UPDATERECORDFORMAT COMPACT
•  Classic Extract or Mixed Integrated / Classic:
GETUPDATEBEFORES
NOCOMPRESSDELETES
NOCOMPRESSUPDATES
•  Don’t Forget Token Data

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Prepare GoldenGate
Exception Handling
–  Log All Occurrences of CDR Actions
–  Triggered by Exception Handling of Prior Map Statement
–  Decide Which Metadata to Include
•  @DATE ('YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS.FFFFFF', 'JTS', @GETENV ('JULIANTIMESTAMP'))
•  @GETENV
–  RECORD
–  GGENVIRONMENT
–  GGHEADER
–  LASTERR
–  TRANSACTION
–  STATS
•  @BEFORE

Application Changes / Database Maintenance

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•  Decide / Document / Test allowable Changes
•  Make sure Everything is Still Backward Compatible with Existing Trail Data
–  Not null to null
–  Column expansion
–  Addition of Indexes
–  Column addition
•  Methodology also Useful for Database Maintenance
–  Index Maintenance
–  Table Shrink / HWM Modification
–  Partitioning Changes

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Example Implementation Steps
•  Modify GSS to Failover Traffic From One Site to Another
•  Implement Schema Changes / Database Maintenance
•  Modify GSS to Failover Traffic to Upgraded Site
•  Complete Schema Changes / Database Maintenance on Other Site
•  Modify GSS to Allow Traffic at Both Sites

CDR Monitoring

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CDR Monitoring
–  Report CDR stats via ggsci interface
•  stats replicat [replicat name] report cdr
Cumulative totals for specified table(s):
*** Total statistics since 2016-02-24 19:19:32 ***
Total inserts 0.00
Total updates 1815508.00
Total deletes 0.00
Total discards 0.00
Total operations 1815508.00
Total CDR conflicts 900204.00
CDR resolutions succeeded 900204.00
CDR UPDATEROWEXISTS conflicts 866829.00
CDR UPDATEROWMISSING conflicts 33375.00

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CDR Monitoring
–  Report CDR stats to the report file
•  send replicat [replicat name] report
From Table SOE.INVENTORIES to SOE.INVENTORIES:
# inserts: 0
# updates: 915304
# deletes: 0
# discards: 0
# CDR conflicts : 900204
# CDR resolutions succeeded : 900204
# CDR UPDATEROWEXISTS conflicts : 866829
# CDR UPDATEROWMISSING conflicts: 33375
From Table SOE.INVENTORIES to SOE.CONFLICT_LOG:
# inserts: 0
# updates: 900204
# deletes: 0
# discards: 0

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CDR Monitoring
–  Report CDR stats to a table (enabled in replicat parameter file)
•  @GETENV ('STATS','CDR_CONFLICTS')
•  @GETENV ('STATS','CDR_RESOLUTIONS_SUCCEEDED')
•  @GETENV ('STATS','CDR_RESOLUTIONS_FAILED’)

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CDR Monitoring
Why is There a Performance Difference?
Total inserts/second: 0.00
Total updates/second: 596.70
Total deletes/second: 0.00
Total discards/second: 0.00
Total operations/second: 596.70
Total inserts/second: 0.00
Total updates/second: 1572.29
Total deletes/second: 0.00
Total discards/second: 0.00
Total operations/second: 1572.29

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