Python is a widely used programming language for data science. It has a comprehensive standard library and supports multiple programming paradigms. Data science involves transforming data into meaningful information through techniques like probability, statistics, and analytics to help with decision making. Data science roles can include data analyst, data scientist, data engineer, and machine learning engineer. The data science process involves gathering, cleaning, analyzing, visualizing, and modeling data to gain insights. Tools like Pandas, Seaborn, and machine learning are used in data science.