ISSN 2693-6356
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A Case Study on Ayurvedic Management of Cervical Spondylosis W.S.R to Manyast...YogeshIJTSRD
Cervical spondylosis is a very common condition seen now a day. It is estimated that 9 out of 10 adults will have some degree of cervical spondylosis. Degeneration of cervical vertebrae is mostly seen in elderly people but now a days due to over use of computer technology most of people develop cervical spondylosis. In the present case study, a diagnosed case of cervical spondylosis has been included for its ayurvedic management. Chief complains were pain and stiffness over the neck since 6 months and pain over the neck was radiating towards the right arm. Externally Manyabasti and Patra pottali sweda was given and during this procedure ayurvedic medicine also given. Different parameters have been assessed before and after the treatment schedule. There is a complete relief in the parameters like neck pain and stiffness whereas the parameters like pain in arm and vertigo has also shown significant improvement. Dr. Hemant Pundalikrao Charde | Dr. Pranam Suresh Kharche "A Case Study on Ayurvedic Management of Cervical Spondylosis W.S.R to Manyastambha" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43774.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/43774/a-case-study-on-ayurvedic-management-of-cervical-spondylosis-wsr-to-manyastambha/dr-hemant-pundalikrao-charde
The Role of Arbudahara Taila Uttarbasti in Tubal Blockage Infertilityijtsrd
Infertility is a main issue in today’s era. Many couples go for IVF, surrogacy and many more with very less benefits. Nearly 10 14 of individuals are belonging to the reproductive age group are affected by infertility. it’s rate is constantly increasing due to change in lifestyle, high pollution, socio economic causes and enormous amount of stress. The problem of infertility has been on a constant rise and affects people of various age group, fertility problems are prevalent in women, which restrict their ability to conceive. The most of the infertility problems, almost 35 are caused by tubal blockage. The tubal blockage causes due to, A. pelvic infections causing 1 Peritubal adhesions 2. Endosalpingeal damage, B. previous tubal surgery or sterilization, C. salpingitis isthemicamodosa, D. Tubal endometriosis and others, E. Polyps or mucous debris within the tubal lumen or tubal spasm. Laparoscopic chrompertubation had limited results in correcting blocks but most of cases refer for Artificial reproductive techniques. Uttarbasti is a special procedure found to act very nicely on tubal blockage if performed cautiously in a sterile environment. Arbudaharalepa told in Sahasrayogam was selected and formulated into Taila to observe the results on Tubal factors of Infertility. In present study, kaphavata hara, Lekhana, Chedana and Bhedana properties of drugs acted to clear the tubal block. Biradar Deepali | Dr. Satish Jalihal "The Role of Arbudahara Taila Uttarbasti in Tubal Blockage Infertility" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52776.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/52776/the-role-of-arbudahara-taila-uttarbasti-in-tubal-blockage-infertility/biradar-deepali
Nasal Polyp Nasa Arsha Management Through Ayurveda A Single Case Studyijtsrd
Nasal polyp is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting about 1–4 of the general population.1 Nasal polyps are fleshy benign growth that develop in the mucosal lining of the nasal passage and paranasal sinuses. Polyps vary in size and having shining pink colour and shaped like tear drops.2,3 The exact etiology remains unclear but it is known to have associations with allergy, asthma, infection, cystic fibrosis and aspirin sensitivity. The common features of the disease are nasal obstruction, anosmia, rhinorrhoea, post nasal drip and less commonly facial pain.4 In Ayurveda it is closely related to nasa arsha. Nasa arsha is a Kapha vata vyadhi located in Urdwanga which is a kapha sthaan.5 In this study, a single case 55 years old male patient presented with frequent episodes of nasal obstruction, anosmia mouth breathing and sometimes headache since six months was taken for study. An approach was made to treat the patient by sodhana, shamana and sthanika chikitsa with a positive clinical response. Local therapy was the application of Gunja lepa over polyps. This study aimed at introducing a new treatment modality with new formulation. Dr. Shyam Kumar Sah | Dr. Deeraj BC | Dr. Ashwini MJ ""Nasal Polyp (Nasa Arsha) Management Through Ayurveda: A Single Case Study"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23812.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/23812/nasal-polyp-nasa-arsha-management-through-ayurveda-a-single-case-study/dr-shyam-kumar-sah
A Case Study on Ayurvedic Management of Cervical Spondylosis W.S.R to Manyast...YogeshIJTSRD
Cervical spondylosis is a very common condition seen now a day. It is estimated that 9 out of 10 adults will have some degree of cervical spondylosis. Degeneration of cervical vertebrae is mostly seen in elderly people but now a days due to over use of computer technology most of people develop cervical spondylosis. In the present case study, a diagnosed case of cervical spondylosis has been included for its ayurvedic management. Chief complains were pain and stiffness over the neck since 6 months and pain over the neck was radiating towards the right arm. Externally Manyabasti and Patra pottali sweda was given and during this procedure ayurvedic medicine also given. Different parameters have been assessed before and after the treatment schedule. There is a complete relief in the parameters like neck pain and stiffness whereas the parameters like pain in arm and vertigo has also shown significant improvement. Dr. Hemant Pundalikrao Charde | Dr. Pranam Suresh Kharche "A Case Study on Ayurvedic Management of Cervical Spondylosis W.S.R to Manyastambha" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43774.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/43774/a-case-study-on-ayurvedic-management-of-cervical-spondylosis-wsr-to-manyastambha/dr-hemant-pundalikrao-charde
The Role of Arbudahara Taila Uttarbasti in Tubal Blockage Infertilityijtsrd
Infertility is a main issue in today’s era. Many couples go for IVF, surrogacy and many more with very less benefits. Nearly 10 14 of individuals are belonging to the reproductive age group are affected by infertility. it’s rate is constantly increasing due to change in lifestyle, high pollution, socio economic causes and enormous amount of stress. The problem of infertility has been on a constant rise and affects people of various age group, fertility problems are prevalent in women, which restrict their ability to conceive. The most of the infertility problems, almost 35 are caused by tubal blockage. The tubal blockage causes due to, A. pelvic infections causing 1 Peritubal adhesions 2. Endosalpingeal damage, B. previous tubal surgery or sterilization, C. salpingitis isthemicamodosa, D. Tubal endometriosis and others, E. Polyps or mucous debris within the tubal lumen or tubal spasm. Laparoscopic chrompertubation had limited results in correcting blocks but most of cases refer for Artificial reproductive techniques. Uttarbasti is a special procedure found to act very nicely on tubal blockage if performed cautiously in a sterile environment. Arbudaharalepa told in Sahasrayogam was selected and formulated into Taila to observe the results on Tubal factors of Infertility. In present study, kaphavata hara, Lekhana, Chedana and Bhedana properties of drugs acted to clear the tubal block. Biradar Deepali | Dr. Satish Jalihal "The Role of Arbudahara Taila Uttarbasti in Tubal Blockage Infertility" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52776.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/52776/the-role-of-arbudahara-taila-uttarbasti-in-tubal-blockage-infertility/biradar-deepali
Nasal Polyp Nasa Arsha Management Through Ayurveda A Single Case Studyijtsrd
Nasal polyp is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting about 1–4 of the general population.1 Nasal polyps are fleshy benign growth that develop in the mucosal lining of the nasal passage and paranasal sinuses. Polyps vary in size and having shining pink colour and shaped like tear drops.2,3 The exact etiology remains unclear but it is known to have associations with allergy, asthma, infection, cystic fibrosis and aspirin sensitivity. The common features of the disease are nasal obstruction, anosmia, rhinorrhoea, post nasal drip and less commonly facial pain.4 In Ayurveda it is closely related to nasa arsha. Nasa arsha is a Kapha vata vyadhi located in Urdwanga which is a kapha sthaan.5 In this study, a single case 55 years old male patient presented with frequent episodes of nasal obstruction, anosmia mouth breathing and sometimes headache since six months was taken for study. An approach was made to treat the patient by sodhana, shamana and sthanika chikitsa with a positive clinical response. Local therapy was the application of Gunja lepa over polyps. This study aimed at introducing a new treatment modality with new formulation. Dr. Shyam Kumar Sah | Dr. Deeraj BC | Dr. Ashwini MJ ""Nasal Polyp (Nasa Arsha) Management Through Ayurveda: A Single Case Study"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23812.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/23812/nasal-polyp-nasa-arsha-management-through-ayurveda-a-single-case-study/dr-shyam-kumar-sah
Joe a well respected RN with many years of experience, worked in.docxvrickens
"Joe" a well respected RN with many years of experience, worked in the intensive care unit. One afternoon a patient was brought to the unit immediately post heart surgery. Joe assumed his care, and began his assessment. Shortly after the patient's arrival, the surgeon came in to see that patient.
The surgeon decided that he needed to replace a blocked central line, although the patient did have two patent peripheral IVs. Joe assisted the surgeon with the line placement, then called for radiology to come up and confirm line placement, as per protocol. Just as Joe heard the radiology tech coming, the patient developed asystole. Joe and the surgeon instituted ACLS protocol. When the surgeon called for a medication to be pushed, Joe went to push it via the patent peripheral IV, as placement of the central line had not been confirmed. The surgeon yelled 'No! In the central line! Push it in the central line!' Joe responded, 'The central line placement has not been confirmed, so it has to go through the peripheral." At this point, the surgeon yelled, "I want it through the central line, and you have to do what I say, because I'm the physician!" Joe yelled back that he was not going to risk his license just because a physician refused to follow protocol. He told the surgeon that he would push it through the peripheral line. The surgeon was livid, but made no attempt to push the med himself, so Joe pushed it through the peripheral line. The patient was then revived.
Joe and the surgeon continued to argue after the patient was resuscitated, to the point where other staff feared a fist fight would ensue. The house manager, an RN, was called in. Joe explained the situation to her. The surgeon said "I told him he was a nurse and he had to do what I told him to do. He's not going to lose his license or get fired as long as he does what I tell him to do. But he won't listen."
The house manager responded. "Well, the hospital policy does say that central lines cannot be used until placement has been confirmed by radiology." The surgeon went berserk, yelling at everyone. The house manager then said "well, if you want, we can change that policy so if a physician says it's ok, the line can be used without confirmation."
What do you think of the house manager's response to the situation?
What, if anything, do you think Joe should have done differently?
How would you have responded?
What do you suggest should be done about this proposed change in the policy?
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
International Journal of Nursing Studies
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijns
Effect of non-nutritive sucking and sucrose alone and in combination for
repeated procedural pain in preterm infants: A randomized controlled trial
Haixia Gaoa,⁎, Mei Lib, Honglian Gaoc, Guihua Xua, Fang Lib, Jing Zhoub, Yunsu Zoub,
Honghua Jiangb
a School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
b Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical U ...
Contraception where have we been and where are we going is a presentation made by Dr.Laxmi Shrikhande who is a Fertility Specialist, Laparoscopic Surgeon & no scar Hysterectomy Specialist and a leading Gynaecologist from Nagpur
Hope it helps.. This presentation describes about labour induction, its types, methods, management and responsibilities. also the procedure of performing the methods. pictures as per need attached for the reference. like and comment if any suggestion.
Contraception
Contraception is defined as the intentional prevention of conception through the use of various devices, sexual practices, chemicals, drugs or surgical procedures.
The preventive methods to help women avoid unwanted pregnancies are called contraceptive methods.
Need for contraception
• To avoid unwanted pregnancies.
• To regulate the timing of pregnancy.
• To regulate the interval between pregnancy.
Ideal Contraceptive
• Safe
• Effective
• Acceptable
• Reversible
• Inexpensive
• Long lasting
• Requires little or no medical supervision
Contraceptive methods
Spacing methods
Natural
Barrier
IUDs
Emergency contraception
Terminal methods
Male fertilisation
Female fertilisation
Natural Methods
Coitus inteyrruptus / withdrawal
Rhythm Method
Lactational Amenorrhoea
Barrier Methods
Mechanical
Male : Condom
Female : Condom, Diaphragm, Cervical cap
Chemical
Creams - Deleen
Jelly – Koromex, Volpar paste
Foam tablets – Aerosol foams, Chlorimin T or Contab
Combination
Combined use of Chemical and Mechanical methods.
Male condom
• Most commonly known and used contraceptive.
• Better known in India as NIRODH.
Female condom
Femidom
Diaphragm
Spermicides
Spermicides are surface active agents which attach
themselves to spermatozoa and kill them.
Available in various forms like
Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices
Cu T200
T shaped device Polyethylene frame.
215 mm2 surface area of Cu wire.
Contains 124 mg of copper
Cu is lost at the rate of 50 µg/day.
Polyethylene monofilament tied at vertical stem.
Cu is radio opaque so additionally barium is
incorporated in the device.
Supplied in a sterilised sealed packet.
Lifetime 4 years.
Cu T 380A
380 mm square surface area of copper wire.
Replacement 10 years.
Multiload Cu 250
60-100 ug/day
Replacement 3 years
Multiload - 375
Mode of action
Biochemical and histological changes in endometrium.
Increased tubal motility.
Endometrial inflammatory response.
Prevents implantation.
Contraindication for insertion of IUCD
Presence of pelvic infection
Genital tract bleeding (undiagnosed)
Suspected pregnancy
Uterine fibroid
Severe dysmenorrhoea
Ectopic pregnancy history
Caesarean section
Cu allergy
Time of insertion
Interval
2-3 days after menstrual phase.
During lactational amenorrhoea.
Postabortal
Done immediately following termination of pregnancy.
Postpartum
After 6 weeks of delivery.
Postplacental delivery
Post delivery of placenta.
Method of Insertion
Preliminary steps:
History taking and examination
Patient is informed and consent is obtained.
Insertion is done in OPD aseptic conditions.
Placement of device in inserter.
Steps of operation
The patient is asked to remain empty bladder.
The patient is placed in lithotomy position.
Local antiseptic cleaning is done.
Posterior vaginal speculum is introduced.
Anterior lip of cervix is grasped with Allis tissue forcep.
The device is placed in the inserter and introduced through cervical
EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION & RECENT ADVANCEMENT OF CONTRACEPTION.pptxTanuShekhawat6
EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION & RECENT ADVANCEMENT IN CONTRACEPTION
Introduction
Emergency contraception (EC) is a method of contraception used as an emergency procedure before menstruation is missed, to prevent pregnancy following unprotected intercourse or expected failure of contraception.
Cont..
Emergency contraception is any method of contraception which is used after intercourse and before the potential time of implantation. This nomenclature, advocated by WHO lately and accepted by international Medical Advisory Panel and others recently.
Alternative terms: Postcoital contraception- still commonly used and 'morning after' contraception
Emergency contraception is not true contraception but rightly called interception. Interceptive - agents that do not interfere with fertilization but act on blastocyst before or soon after missing periods.
Emergency contraception is a backup plan. It cannot be used as an ongoing method of contraception because:
i) relatively high failure rates
ii) High incidence of irregular bleeding
INDIAN SCENARIO: NEED
India has the highest number of unsafe abortions in the world.
6,20,472 abortions reported in India in 2012, Two-third of them were unsafe
A woman dies every two hours due to unsafe abortion.
Widespread availability of EC can help reduce these abortions.
INDICATIONS
1. For aged couples who meet very infrequently.
2. Following single act of sexual exposure in young girls
3. When pregnancy is apprehended owing to rupture of condom, premature ejaculation in couples practising coitus interruptus etc.
4. In case of rape.
ADVANTAGES
Saves the couple from unwanted pregnancies
From unnecessary operative interferences for fear of pregnancy
From the agony of waiting for the next menstrual cycle.
Prevents adolescent pregnancies
Helps to reduce unsafe abortion
COMBINED ETHINYL ESTRADIOL AND LEVONORGESTREL (YUZPE METHOD)
Yuzpe method (Canadian Prof. Albert Yuzpe) consists of the oral administration of 2 doses of 0.1mg(100 µg) ethinyl estradiol (EE) and 0.5mg(500 µg) levonorgestrel 12 hours apart.
Failure rate- 0-2%
Ovral tablets (each containing 50 µg ethinyl estradiol and 250 µg levonorgestrel) are most commonly used to provide these doses.
Others- Noral, Ovidon
PROGESTIN-ONLY (LEVONORGESTREL)
In India- EC pill, Pill 72, unwanted
LNG-ONLY PILLS
2 doses of 0.75mg LNG pill to be taken orally 12 hours apart within 72hours of intercourse. OR Single dose of 1.5mg LNG pill to be taken within 72 hours of intercourse.
Trials have shown that a high proportion of pregnancies were averted even up to 5days (120hours). WHO recommends levonorgestrel for emergency contraceptive pill use.
Failure rate- 0-1%
Cont.
Side Effects:-
1. Nausea- in 50% using Yuzpe regimen & 20% for Levonorgestrel.
2. Vomiting - in 20% Yuzpe regimen & 5% using LNG-only pills.
If vomiting occurs within 2 hours of taking the pills - the dose should be repeated. In cases of severe vomiting - administer pills vaginally.
3. Irregular uterine bleedi
Mimosa pudica; Lajjalu treatment of uterine prolapseindudhartm
Mimosa pudica was found very useful in uterine prolapse treatment with bleeding. the condition for more than 45 years, and treating hundreds of such cases of uterine prolapse. Hysterectomy has
been avoided up to this date, and is not now expected to be recommended.
To Evaluate the Role of Inj. Ketamine (0.3mg/Kg) Intravenously, Before Skin I...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
ISSN 2395-650X
The "International Journal of Life Sciences Biotechnology and Pharma Sciences journal appears to be a valuable resource for those interested in staying updated on the latest developments and research in these important scientific fields of Life and science journal.
ISSN 2693-6356
The scholarly journals provide a platform for experts, researchers, and scholars to share their original findings, methodologies, and insights with the academic community. Traditional medicine journals offers access to a curated collection of such reputable journals, fostering the dissemination of knowledge and promoting evidence-based practices in the realm of traditional medicine.
Joe a well respected RN with many years of experience, worked in.docxvrickens
"Joe" a well respected RN with many years of experience, worked in the intensive care unit. One afternoon a patient was brought to the unit immediately post heart surgery. Joe assumed his care, and began his assessment. Shortly after the patient's arrival, the surgeon came in to see that patient.
The surgeon decided that he needed to replace a blocked central line, although the patient did have two patent peripheral IVs. Joe assisted the surgeon with the line placement, then called for radiology to come up and confirm line placement, as per protocol. Just as Joe heard the radiology tech coming, the patient developed asystole. Joe and the surgeon instituted ACLS protocol. When the surgeon called for a medication to be pushed, Joe went to push it via the patent peripheral IV, as placement of the central line had not been confirmed. The surgeon yelled 'No! In the central line! Push it in the central line!' Joe responded, 'The central line placement has not been confirmed, so it has to go through the peripheral." At this point, the surgeon yelled, "I want it through the central line, and you have to do what I say, because I'm the physician!" Joe yelled back that he was not going to risk his license just because a physician refused to follow protocol. He told the surgeon that he would push it through the peripheral line. The surgeon was livid, but made no attempt to push the med himself, so Joe pushed it through the peripheral line. The patient was then revived.
Joe and the surgeon continued to argue after the patient was resuscitated, to the point where other staff feared a fist fight would ensue. The house manager, an RN, was called in. Joe explained the situation to her. The surgeon said "I told him he was a nurse and he had to do what I told him to do. He's not going to lose his license or get fired as long as he does what I tell him to do. But he won't listen."
The house manager responded. "Well, the hospital policy does say that central lines cannot be used until placement has been confirmed by radiology." The surgeon went berserk, yelling at everyone. The house manager then said "well, if you want, we can change that policy so if a physician says it's ok, the line can be used without confirmation."
What do you think of the house manager's response to the situation?
What, if anything, do you think Joe should have done differently?
How would you have responded?
What do you suggest should be done about this proposed change in the policy?
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
International Journal of Nursing Studies
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijns
Effect of non-nutritive sucking and sucrose alone and in combination for
repeated procedural pain in preterm infants: A randomized controlled trial
Haixia Gaoa,⁎, Mei Lib, Honglian Gaoc, Guihua Xua, Fang Lib, Jing Zhoub, Yunsu Zoub,
Honghua Jiangb
a School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
b Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical U ...
Contraception where have we been and where are we going is a presentation made by Dr.Laxmi Shrikhande who is a Fertility Specialist, Laparoscopic Surgeon & no scar Hysterectomy Specialist and a leading Gynaecologist from Nagpur
Hope it helps.. This presentation describes about labour induction, its types, methods, management and responsibilities. also the procedure of performing the methods. pictures as per need attached for the reference. like and comment if any suggestion.
Contraception
Contraception is defined as the intentional prevention of conception through the use of various devices, sexual practices, chemicals, drugs or surgical procedures.
The preventive methods to help women avoid unwanted pregnancies are called contraceptive methods.
Need for contraception
• To avoid unwanted pregnancies.
• To regulate the timing of pregnancy.
• To regulate the interval between pregnancy.
Ideal Contraceptive
• Safe
• Effective
• Acceptable
• Reversible
• Inexpensive
• Long lasting
• Requires little or no medical supervision
Contraceptive methods
Spacing methods
Natural
Barrier
IUDs
Emergency contraception
Terminal methods
Male fertilisation
Female fertilisation
Natural Methods
Coitus inteyrruptus / withdrawal
Rhythm Method
Lactational Amenorrhoea
Barrier Methods
Mechanical
Male : Condom
Female : Condom, Diaphragm, Cervical cap
Chemical
Creams - Deleen
Jelly – Koromex, Volpar paste
Foam tablets – Aerosol foams, Chlorimin T or Contab
Combination
Combined use of Chemical and Mechanical methods.
Male condom
• Most commonly known and used contraceptive.
• Better known in India as NIRODH.
Female condom
Femidom
Diaphragm
Spermicides
Spermicides are surface active agents which attach
themselves to spermatozoa and kill them.
Available in various forms like
Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices
Cu T200
T shaped device Polyethylene frame.
215 mm2 surface area of Cu wire.
Contains 124 mg of copper
Cu is lost at the rate of 50 µg/day.
Polyethylene monofilament tied at vertical stem.
Cu is radio opaque so additionally barium is
incorporated in the device.
Supplied in a sterilised sealed packet.
Lifetime 4 years.
Cu T 380A
380 mm square surface area of copper wire.
Replacement 10 years.
Multiload Cu 250
60-100 ug/day
Replacement 3 years
Multiload - 375
Mode of action
Biochemical and histological changes in endometrium.
Increased tubal motility.
Endometrial inflammatory response.
Prevents implantation.
Contraindication for insertion of IUCD
Presence of pelvic infection
Genital tract bleeding (undiagnosed)
Suspected pregnancy
Uterine fibroid
Severe dysmenorrhoea
Ectopic pregnancy history
Caesarean section
Cu allergy
Time of insertion
Interval
2-3 days after menstrual phase.
During lactational amenorrhoea.
Postabortal
Done immediately following termination of pregnancy.
Postpartum
After 6 weeks of delivery.
Postplacental delivery
Post delivery of placenta.
Method of Insertion
Preliminary steps:
History taking and examination
Patient is informed and consent is obtained.
Insertion is done in OPD aseptic conditions.
Placement of device in inserter.
Steps of operation
The patient is asked to remain empty bladder.
The patient is placed in lithotomy position.
Local antiseptic cleaning is done.
Posterior vaginal speculum is introduced.
Anterior lip of cervix is grasped with Allis tissue forcep.
The device is placed in the inserter and introduced through cervical
EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION & RECENT ADVANCEMENT OF CONTRACEPTION.pptxTanuShekhawat6
EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION & RECENT ADVANCEMENT IN CONTRACEPTION
Introduction
Emergency contraception (EC) is a method of contraception used as an emergency procedure before menstruation is missed, to prevent pregnancy following unprotected intercourse or expected failure of contraception.
Cont..
Emergency contraception is any method of contraception which is used after intercourse and before the potential time of implantation. This nomenclature, advocated by WHO lately and accepted by international Medical Advisory Panel and others recently.
Alternative terms: Postcoital contraception- still commonly used and 'morning after' contraception
Emergency contraception is not true contraception but rightly called interception. Interceptive - agents that do not interfere with fertilization but act on blastocyst before or soon after missing periods.
Emergency contraception is a backup plan. It cannot be used as an ongoing method of contraception because:
i) relatively high failure rates
ii) High incidence of irregular bleeding
INDIAN SCENARIO: NEED
India has the highest number of unsafe abortions in the world.
6,20,472 abortions reported in India in 2012, Two-third of them were unsafe
A woman dies every two hours due to unsafe abortion.
Widespread availability of EC can help reduce these abortions.
INDICATIONS
1. For aged couples who meet very infrequently.
2. Following single act of sexual exposure in young girls
3. When pregnancy is apprehended owing to rupture of condom, premature ejaculation in couples practising coitus interruptus etc.
4. In case of rape.
ADVANTAGES
Saves the couple from unwanted pregnancies
From unnecessary operative interferences for fear of pregnancy
From the agony of waiting for the next menstrual cycle.
Prevents adolescent pregnancies
Helps to reduce unsafe abortion
COMBINED ETHINYL ESTRADIOL AND LEVONORGESTREL (YUZPE METHOD)
Yuzpe method (Canadian Prof. Albert Yuzpe) consists of the oral administration of 2 doses of 0.1mg(100 µg) ethinyl estradiol (EE) and 0.5mg(500 µg) levonorgestrel 12 hours apart.
Failure rate- 0-2%
Ovral tablets (each containing 50 µg ethinyl estradiol and 250 µg levonorgestrel) are most commonly used to provide these doses.
Others- Noral, Ovidon
PROGESTIN-ONLY (LEVONORGESTREL)
In India- EC pill, Pill 72, unwanted
LNG-ONLY PILLS
2 doses of 0.75mg LNG pill to be taken orally 12 hours apart within 72hours of intercourse. OR Single dose of 1.5mg LNG pill to be taken within 72 hours of intercourse.
Trials have shown that a high proportion of pregnancies were averted even up to 5days (120hours). WHO recommends levonorgestrel for emergency contraceptive pill use.
Failure rate- 0-1%
Cont.
Side Effects:-
1. Nausea- in 50% using Yuzpe regimen & 20% for Levonorgestrel.
2. Vomiting - in 20% Yuzpe regimen & 5% using LNG-only pills.
If vomiting occurs within 2 hours of taking the pills - the dose should be repeated. In cases of severe vomiting - administer pills vaginally.
3. Irregular uterine bleedi
Mimosa pudica; Lajjalu treatment of uterine prolapseindudhartm
Mimosa pudica was found very useful in uterine prolapse treatment with bleeding. the condition for more than 45 years, and treating hundreds of such cases of uterine prolapse. Hysterectomy has
been avoided up to this date, and is not now expected to be recommended.
To Evaluate the Role of Inj. Ketamine (0.3mg/Kg) Intravenously, Before Skin I...iosrjce
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Books journals
1. 1
CTMJ | traditionalmedicinejournals.com Chinese Traditional Medicine Journal | 2021 | Vol4 |Issue6
Chinese Traditional Medical Journal
Case Study Non- Surgical Management of Low Anal Fistula in an
Infant with Udumbara Ksheerasutra– A Case Study
Yan Yongia, Che Xi, Li Jianshen
College of Basiccourses,GuangdongPharmaceuticalUniversity,Guangzhou
Divisionof EducationandResearch,ShantouCentral Hospital,Shantou
, Institute of Geriatrics,HenanCollege of Traditional ChineseMedicine,Zhengzhou
Introduction
anal canal and the perineonum is known
as a'stula-in-ano. Perianal infections are
the most common cause, and a congenital
abnormality is very unusual [1].
Nevertheless, the pathophysiology of ano-
stula is yet unknown [2]. Adults are
considered to be more likely than children
to get the disease than the reverse. In
babies, diminished immunity and changes
in bowel habits during weaning are to
blame. [3] Boys are more likely to be
afflicted than girls, with 96 percent of
cases occurring in newborns less than one
year of age [4]. Fistula is likened to a
disease in Ayurveda.
Though often thought of as an incurable
illness [5], some new research suggests
that bhagandhara in babies is a temporary
and self-limiting sickness [2].
There are a variety of ways to handle a
problem.
stula, However, despite instances of
post-operative recurrence, surgery is
universally approved and has shown to be
effective. Using the techniques of the
Ksharasutra in order to better manage
Abstract
Background: A long-standing condition, fistula in ano (Bhagandara) has been documented
in infants as young as six months old. Surgery is the most common method of therapy for
ano stula, however there are other options. The goal of this study was to find a non-surgical
treatment for a child with a low anal stula who was ten months old.
Materials & Methods: The Ksharasutra (Ayurvedic Seton) was employed in this case study
as a modified version of the well-known Ksheerasutra (Ayurvedic Seton). After a first probe,
Seton was injected into the stulous tract in an aseptic manner (Eshana Karma). At the end
of the fifth week, the tract had been fully cut, with healthy tissues forming in its place, and
the Seton had been replaced four times (one each week). The technique was safe, non-
irritating, and well-tolerated by the youngster throughout the length of treatment.
Keywords: In ano, Infants, Non-surgical management, Ayurvedic Seton Udumbara
Ksheerasutra
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CTMJ | traditionalmedicinejournals.com Chinese Traditional Medicine Journal | 2021 | Vol4 |Issue6
considered one of the most effective
approaches to date. '
As a non-surgical method with minimal
risk of recurrence, Ksharasutra application
for stula has been more popular over the
last decade or so. Alkaline characteristics
may induce acute burning sensation,
discomfort and inflammation around the
stula despite its benefits.
Ksharasutra application in newborns is a
lengthy process since they are deemed
Sukumara (fragile, unable to bear pain).
Nonsurgical, non-invasive, and affordable
to the poor people are some of the goals
of this project.
Corresponding address:
Prof. Subhash Chandra Varshney
Dept. of Shalya Tantra Mahatma Gandhi
Ayurved, College, Hospital & Research
Center, Salod (H), Wardha, Maharashtra,
India.
Bhagandhara advocated by Acharya
Sushruta [6] remains
Email: scvbhu@gmail.com
A non-alkaline medication was used to
make a less painful version of Seton for
the youngster. Udumbara (Ficus
glomerata Roxb.) milk was employed for
this purpose.
Ksharasutra's effectiveness in adults has
been thoroughly shown in several
research [7]. Kshara and Ksheerasutra, on
the other hand, have not been tested on
newborns. Udumbara Ksheerasutra has
been shown to be an effective treatment
for newborns with a stula, and this
research is the first of its type to focus on
this.
Method of Preparing of Ksheerasutra:
Cuts were made to the Udumbara tree
using a sharp knife in the early morning,
and the latex that oozes from the
branches was collected in a sterile
container. A 0.91mm-thick layer of
Udumbara Ksheera was applied to a
surgical linen thread size 11 with a no.20
coating. It was kept in a Cabinet to
prevent contamination and sterilisation of
the Sutra.
Case History:
In the OPD of Mahatma Gandhi Ayurved
College, Hospital & Hospital, Wardha, a
ten-month-old newborn was brought in
for treatment of pus discharge, itching,
and bleeding around the anal area over
the last three months. Also, the mother
stated that her kid regularly touched the
anal region and cried.
All of the child's vitalsigns were confirmed
to be normal after a general assessment.
With regular bowel movements, the
child's appetite was judged to be
adequate. A referral to Shalya Tantra's
OPD was made when the child's condition
worsened.
A 7 o'clock external hole with averted
margins and pus discharge was discovered
during a rectal examination. A digital
inspection was used to feel it out. An
internal hole one inch
Treatment:
above the anal margin was found in a
short tract of about 3.2 centimetres in
length.
The youngster was given a mild laxative
(Avipattikara Choorna – 2 g with honey)
the night before the treatment. The
youngster was softly probed (Eshana
3. 3
CTMJ | traditionalmedicinejournals.com Chinese Traditional Medicine Journal | 2021 | Vol4 |Issue6
Karma) with a typical pliable probe from
the exterior entrance that was pulled out
via the internal opening the next day
under aseptic precaution. Ksheerasutra
has already been linked to the probe's
eye. Patients are instructed to take
internal drugs once the Seton (about
7.5cms long) is wrapped gently around the
patient's neck. There was no use of a local
anaesthetic.
Ÿ The youngster would scream as
the anaesthetic substance was injected
and become uncooperative during the
surgery if this method was utilised.
Ÿ
Ÿ The following drugs were given to
the child's internal organs.
• 7-day supply of tablet Triphala Guggulu
– 12 BD (250mg) with honey 12 BD
(125mg) of Balachathurbhadra tablets,
powdered and taken orally for 15 days
Avipattikara Choorna–1g Hs with Honey–
7days for 1g Hs
Adjuvant treatments included:
Once a day for seven days, Jatyadi Taila is
utilised for Matra Basti (a Medicated
enema).
Ten-minute sitz baths in hot water for
seven days a week
On the first day, the parents were taught
how to administer Basti (enema) and Sitzs
bath and requested
Observation & Results:
to do it every day for seven days at home.
It took four weeks to go through the
child's file and replace the Seton with a
new one. During the fifth visit, the tract
was entirely cut and healed, with good
brous tissue development (Fig. 1). They all
took place outside of the hospital. For the
purpose of gauging the effectiveness of
the cutting, thread length was measured
and documented weekly.
The following are the results of calculating
the cutting rate per week (CRW):The
length of the stula divided by the number
of treatment days is the CRW.In the
current investigation, the CRW was
0.8cms per week. By the end of one week,
there were no evidence of inflamation or
irritation in the baby after the Seton was
placed.According to this formula, the
tract's unit cutting time (UCT) was
determined.
d/cm = number of days required to cut
through = total number of days Track
length at the start in centimetres
In this investigation, the UCT was 8.75
days/cm.
Discussion:
Although the cause of astula-in-ano is
unknown, its hallmarks include male
predominance, the onset of symptoms at
less than 12 months of age, and the very
low incidence of complicated avulsions.
distinguishes this condition from that of
adults [1,8]. The cause for stula in ano in
present case may be secondary to a
perianal abscess.
Conventional surgery and Ayurvedic Seton
have been found no different in treatment
of stula in ano[9]. However treatment of
stula with Ayurvedic Seton is said to have
lesser recurrences and incontinence rates,
though healing time is longer [10].
Ksharasutra is a scienti cally validated and
standardized treatment in the
4. 4
CTMJ | traditionalmedicinejournals.com Chinese Traditional Medicine Journal | 2021 | Vol4 |Issue6
management of Bhagandara [11]. The
mode of action of it is attributed to its
Chedana (Cutting), Bhedana (Splitting),
Lekhana (Scraping), Shodhana (Purifying),
Ropana (Healing) and Tridoshaghna
(Pacifying all three bodily humors)
property. The cutting and healing of the
stulous tract is not only a mechanical
effect of Ksharasutra but it is also due to
anti-in ammatory and other chemical
properties of the drugs used in it [12].
In the present context Udumbara Ksheera
was used to prepare Sutra which is said to
be having properties like Shothahara
(anti-in ammatory), Vedana Sthapana
(analgesic) and Vrana Ropana (wound
healing)[13]. Even though Ksheerasutra is
a non-alkaline Seton the cutting & healing
of stulous tract which occurred
simultaneously can be attributed to the
medicinal property possessed by the
Udumbara Ksheera and mechanical
pressure exerted by the Sutra. Anti-
in ammtory action of Triphala Guggulu
might have helped resolving the pus
discharge. Jatyadi Taila Matra Basti and
Avipattikara Choorna regularized the
bowel habits of the child.
Balachathurbhadra Vati was used to bring
about immunomodulatory effects and
prevent fever. Follow up was conducted
at an interval of 1 month for 2 successive
months, no history of recurrences was
noted.
Conclusion:
The present reports highlights the bene ts
of Ksheerasutra application in a 10 month
old infant. The response of child was
closely monitored as infants are unable to
express their discomfort or pain.
Complete cutting & healing of stulous
tract occurred by 5th week
without any complications. There was also
simultaneous healing of the tract. The
procedure throughout its course was safe
without causing any signi cant discomfort
to the child. The subsequent follow up for
2 months period revealed no recurrence
of
stula. Hence it can be concluded that the
application of Ksheerasutra in Bhagndhara
of children is bene cial and may be
recommended in clinical practice.
Although a bigger sample size and
randomised controlled research study
would be useful in supporting the
Ksheerasutra application in the treatment
of stula in-ano of youngsters.
References:
1. In children, a congenital aetiology
for fistulas-in-ano: Fitzgerald RJ, Harding
B, Ryan W. Children's Hospital of
Philadelphia
2. Fistula-in-Ano in Infants:
Nonoperative Management Is Effective?
3. Ano in Pediatric Surgery – Case
Report: Ksharasutra-Role of Ksharasutra in
High Fistula in Ano in Pediatric Surgery
Published in J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg
2004; Vol 9: 80-82
4.
5. This information is provided by
Jayant Deodhar in Medscape, [Internet]
2014. It was cited on December 6, 2015,
and can be found at the following URL:
https://www.emedicine.medscape.com/a
rticle/9353-12overview#a0199
Susrutha, Dalhana, Susrutha Samhitha
with Nibhadasangrahi Acharya,
Avaraniyadhyayah, Sutrasthana, chapter
4, verse 33, edited by Vaidya Jadavji
Trikamji Acharya, 9th ed. Varanasi;
Chaukambha Orientalia; 2008, p.144. 7.
5. 5
CTMJ | traditionalmedicinejournals.com Chinese Traditional Medicine Journal | 2021 | Vol4 |Issue6
Seventh-century Susrutha Samhita with
Dalhana, Susrutha Samhitha with N I B H A
N D A S A N G R A H A C O M M E N T A Y,
Visarpanadisthananarogachikitsidhodiya,
Chikita Sthana, chapter 17, verses 29-33.
It's been eight years since Deshpande and
his colleagues published their findings in
the Journal of the American Medical
Association. In 400 instances, ambulatory
treatment of a stula in ano was effective.
India's Journal of Surgery, 1975; 37:85-9
8 Ano infected newborns should be
treated conservatively, according to the
authors of this study. Pediatr Surg
International, 1998;Vol 13:274-276.
This paper describes the non-operative
therapy for the treatment of anorectal
fistulas (stula-in-ano). Journal of Pediatric
Surgery, Volume 35: 938-939
The study was conducted by Ho KS, Tsang
C, Seow Choen F, and others to compare
Ayurvedic cutting seton and stulotomy for
patients with low stula. In a word, yes.
2001;Vol 5(3): 137-41 Tech Coloproctol
One-center randomised controlled clinical
study of the Ayurvedic medicine
Ksharasotra (Ayurvedic medicinal thread)
in children and adolescents
9. Stula-in-ano treatment, Indian
Journal of Medical Research, 1991;Vol.
94:p. 177–185.
Treatment of Fistula in Ano using Kshar
Sutra (medicated seton) therapy: efficacy
studies by Pankaj Srivastava and
Manoranjan Sahu. Volume 2, Issue 1: p.1-
10 in the World Journal of Colorectal
Surgery
11. Reprint edition of PV Sharma's
Dravyaguna Vijnyana, Part II. According to
Chaukhambha Bharati Academy; Varansai,
p. 666-667
Figure 1: Week wise images showing
application of Ksheerasutra and healing of
fistulous tract by 5th week
Figure 1: Week wise images showing
application of Ksheerasutra and healing
of fistulous tract by 5th week
How to cite the article: Varshney et al,
Non- Surgical Management of Low Anal
6. 6
CTMJ | traditionalmedicinejournals.com Chinese Traditional Medicine Journal | 2021 | Vol4 |Issue6
Fistula in an Infant with Udumbara
Ksheerasutra– A Case Study. J. Res. Trad.
Medicine 2015;1(1): 29-32
Source of Support: Nil, Con ict of
Interest: Nil