An inspirational, self-help book designed to assist women in improving their lifestyle, physically, mentally, spiritually and emotionally. Through small but successful changes, women can find untapped roadways that lead to happier lifestyles. This book will make you laugh, cry, explore, investigate and scrutinize, but ultimately understand that it only takes simple steps to get to a better you.
The book is also designed as a journal, where you can interact with the information and maintain a personal memoir of your success. After completing this unique adventure, you will have a treasured keepsake and reference to always stay on that positive road...to a better you.
An unexpected pregnancy can elicit a range of emotions and requires making difficult decisions. Common signs of pregnancy include missed periods, breast changes, frequent urination, and nausea. Home or blood tests can confirm pregnancy. Options include continuing the pregnancy and placing the baby for adoption or foster care, or having an abortion, which is safest in the first 12 weeks. Making this decision involves considering one's support system, beliefs, finances, and ability to care for a child. Abortions are a common procedure but can also be emotionally difficult and women should seek support.
Presentation about traumatic childbirth and obstetric violence impact on midwives.
By Ibone Olza Fernandez, MD, PhD, perinatal psychiatrist and childbirth activist.
Community Mobilization for Cervical Screening Camps at SughaVazhvu Healthcare...ICTPH
This document provides information about cervical screening services provided by SughaVazhvu clinics in Tamil Nadu communities. It discusses women's health topics like menstruation, contraception, menopause, infections and cancer. It emphasizes the importance of cervical screening in detecting early abnormalities before they develop into cancer. The screening process uses VIA/VILI exams to examine the cervix for lesions or growths. A cervical screening camp will be held at the clinic from 9:30am to 6pm where women can get a free screening and consult with doctors.
Overview and Management of Vaginismus in Malaysia. Case-based discussion. 2nd National Mind and Body Seminar: Vaginismus Dare to Treat at Putrajaya, 27th October 2017.
This document discusses issues surrounding a woman's ability to control her reproductive choices and start a family on her own terms. It describes societal expectations that women have children and double standards that make it difficult for women to access contraception, abortion, and sterilization procedures. While men can freely choose to participate in an unintended pregnancy or not, women face obstacles like waiting periods, required ultrasounds, and being denied sterilization if unmarried or deemed "too young". The document argues that if men can opt out of pregnancy responsibilities, women should have the right to freely control their own bodies and reproductive decisions as well.
Dyspareunia & vulvodynia by dr alka mukherjee dr apurva mukherjee nagpur m.s....alka mukherjee
This document discusses dyspareunia (recurring pain during sexual intercourse) and vulvodynia (chronic genital pain). It describes the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Dyspareunia and vulvodynia can have physical and psychological causes, and treatment may involve medications, physical therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and sometimes surgery. A multidisciplinary approach is often needed to properly diagnose and address the underlying causes of genital pain.
An unexpected pregnancy can elicit a range of emotions and requires making difficult decisions. Common signs of pregnancy include missed periods, breast changes, frequent urination, and nausea. Home or blood tests can confirm pregnancy. Options include continuing the pregnancy and placing the baby for adoption or foster care, or having an abortion, which is safest in the first 12 weeks. Making this decision involves considering one's support system, beliefs, finances, and ability to care for a child. Abortions are a common procedure but can also be emotionally difficult and women should seek support.
Presentation about traumatic childbirth and obstetric violence impact on midwives.
By Ibone Olza Fernandez, MD, PhD, perinatal psychiatrist and childbirth activist.
Community Mobilization for Cervical Screening Camps at SughaVazhvu Healthcare...ICTPH
This document provides information about cervical screening services provided by SughaVazhvu clinics in Tamil Nadu communities. It discusses women's health topics like menstruation, contraception, menopause, infections and cancer. It emphasizes the importance of cervical screening in detecting early abnormalities before they develop into cancer. The screening process uses VIA/VILI exams to examine the cervix for lesions or growths. A cervical screening camp will be held at the clinic from 9:30am to 6pm where women can get a free screening and consult with doctors.
Overview and Management of Vaginismus in Malaysia. Case-based discussion. 2nd National Mind and Body Seminar: Vaginismus Dare to Treat at Putrajaya, 27th October 2017.
This document discusses issues surrounding a woman's ability to control her reproductive choices and start a family on her own terms. It describes societal expectations that women have children and double standards that make it difficult for women to access contraception, abortion, and sterilization procedures. While men can freely choose to participate in an unintended pregnancy or not, women face obstacles like waiting periods, required ultrasounds, and being denied sterilization if unmarried or deemed "too young". The document argues that if men can opt out of pregnancy responsibilities, women should have the right to freely control their own bodies and reproductive decisions as well.
Dyspareunia & vulvodynia by dr alka mukherjee dr apurva mukherjee nagpur m.s....alka mukherjee
This document discusses dyspareunia (recurring pain during sexual intercourse) and vulvodynia (chronic genital pain). It describes the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Dyspareunia and vulvodynia can have physical and psychological causes, and treatment may involve medications, physical therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and sometimes surgery. A multidisciplinary approach is often needed to properly diagnose and address the underlying causes of genital pain.
Mastalgia, or breast pain, is a common breast symptom in women. There are two main types - cyclical mastalgia, which occurs before menstruation and is relieved after, and non-cyclical mastalgia, which is more common in older women. Potential causes include hormonal abnormalities or structural breast issues like cysts or fibroadenomas. Evaluation involves history, exam, ultrasound or mammogram. Treatment options range from lifestyle changes to medications like tamoxifen or danazol to surgical procedures for significant issues. Benign breast lumps like fibroadenomas and cysts are also common and usually diagnosed and managed conservatively through imaging and procedures.
This document provides a case study report of a 26-year-old pregnant woman, Sita Rai, who was admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain and diagnosed with oligohydramnios. The summary includes biographical data, obstetric history, physical examination findings, diagnosis of oligohydramnios, management including a cesarean section delivery, nursing care plan, and discharge teaching. Oligohydramnios is defined as a low amniotic fluid volume condition that can cause fetal complications. The case study objectives were to understand the condition and provide holistic nursing care to the patient.
1) Nurses play an important role in caring for women experiencing a missed abortion by providing emotional support, assessing bleeding and vital signs, educating on medical procedures and follow up care.
2) Key nursing responsibilities include monitoring blood loss, ensuring fluid balance, administering misoprostol as directed by the medical team, and providing counseling to help women cope with the emotional aspects of a missed abortion.
3) Nurses educate women on expected recovery, signs of complications, birth control options, and arrange follow up appointments to ensure complete abortion and post-procedure care.
The truth behind vaginismus disease by Alkhima MacarompisUntroshlich
Vaginismus is a condition where the vaginal muscles involuntarily tighten, making penetration painful or impossible. It has physical and psychological causes. Physically, it can be triggered by events like childbirth or sexual trauma that cause the body to anticipate pain during penetration. Psychologically, factors like fear, anxiety, past abuse or negative sexual experiences can contribute. Diagnosis involves ruling out other conditions through examination and history. Treatment involves both physical exercises with dilators to gradually desensitize the muscles, as well as psychological therapy to address underlying causes. Controlled studies show desensitization therapy is effective, with success rates up to 95%.
(1) Sir Martin Narey discovered he had prostate cancer after his PSA levels rose from 4.5 to 10.5 over several months. (2) He chose to have surgery to remove his prostate despite the potential side effects of incontinence and impotence. (3) He believes dealing with the cancer as quickly as possible through surgery was worth enduring the side effects to have the cancer cured.
Telemedicine: An opportunity to lower hysterectomy rate in rural areasSamantha Haas
This document discusses uterine fibroids and their treatment options, with a focus on uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) as a minimally invasive alternative to hysterectomy. The summary is as follows:
Uterine fibroids disproportionately affect African American women and can cause heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, and other symptoms. Hysterectomy is commonly performed but has risks, costs, and long-term effects. UFE is a outpatient procedure that blocks the blood supply to fibroids, causing them to shrink without surgery. It provides relief from symptoms for over 90% of women and allows preservation of the uterus compared to hysterectomy. The document advocates for increasing awareness of UFE among physicians and patients to reduce
Women’s warning signs of a heart attackLynette Crane
The “Hollywood Heart Attack,” where the character, clutching his chest, slumps to the floor immediately, does sometimes happen. But many heart attacks do not mimic this model. In particular, women’s symptoms of heart attack may be very different from men’s in both quality and severity.
Chapter 8 nursing care during labor and pain managementLeonila Limpio
This chapter discusses nursing care during labor and pain management. It covers cultural considerations during labor, different birth settings including hospital, birthing centers, and home births. It describes the stages of labor and nursing assessments and interventions during each stage. Nonpharmacological and pharmacological pain management strategies are discussed. The chapter objectives are to describe nursing care during labor including assessments, interventions, pain management and immediate newborn care.
This document defines vaginismus and discusses its diagnosis and treatment. It begins by defining vaginismus and tracing the evolution of its definition. It notes that vaginismus is characterized by involuntary contraction of pelvic floor muscles that interfere with penetration. The document discusses prevalence, types, potential causes, diagnosis through history and examination, and classification. It outlines treatment approaches including exploration of underlying phobias or beliefs, sex education, muscle relaxation exercises, and systematic vaginal desensitization using graduated insertion of trainers under controlled relaxation. The goal of treatment is to help women gain control of pelvic floor muscles and replace pain with pleasure through a multidisciplinary approach.
Breast pain is commonly caused by hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle or from taking hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy. Some tips to help relieve breast pain include wearing a supportive bra, cutting out caffeine, using heat or ice, gentle massage, and anti-inflammatory medication. If breast pain persists or is unusual, it should be checked by a doctor to ensure it is not a sign of breast cancer.
Linda, a 56-year-old elementary school principal, felt tired and had a lump in her breast that was being monitored. After further tests, she was diagnosed with Stage 2 invasive ductal carcinoma. She met with her doctor and a patient navigator to discuss her treatment options of lumpectomy or mastectomy, and learned about a new clinical trial for Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (IORT) that could avoid weeks of additional radiation treatment. After deciding on lumpectomy and chemotherapy, Linda had successful surgery and was able to receive IORT. She experienced side effects from chemotherapy but stayed strong through support from family, friends, and her faith. Two years later, Linda feels healthy again and shares her story to give hope to others
Abortion is a quick and a step by step procedure. We can get many queries as we start searching for medical abortion. Here you can find the answers for all types of queries.
Vaginismus is an involuntary spasm of the outer third of the vagina that interferes with sexual intercourse. It is caused by a fear of penetration and can be primary or secondary. Treatment involves breaking the pain-tension cycle through exploration of the underlying phobia, sex education, muscle relaxation exercises, and systematic desensitization using gradually larger dilators over several weeks until intercourse is possible. Drugs may help reduce anxiety but are not usually needed. Surgery is rarely required and may worsen the condition. The goal is to help women gain control of their vaginal muscles and feel comfortable with penetration.
This document is a magazine from Florida Hospital about women's and children's health. It contains several stories of patients who received successful treatment from doctors at Florida Hospital locations. The stories include a boy who had a painful bladder tumor removed robotically, a young woman who had a preventative double mastectomy due to her high breast cancer risk, a woman who received very quick diagnosis and treatment for thyroid cancer, and a man who was able to get treatment for epilepsy from a new adult program at the same hospital he works at. The magazine also contains some brief health tips.
Vaginismus is an involuntary spasm of the outer third of the vagina that interferes with sexual intercourse. It has psychological and physical causes and can develop from traumatic experiences, sexual abuse, or religious beliefs. Treatment involves breaking the pain-anxiety cycle through sex education, muscle relaxation exercises, and the gradual insertion of dilators under the woman's control to desensitize the vagina to penetration. The goal is to help the woman feel comfortable owning her body and sharing it through a process that respects her pace and limits anxiety, with success rates of around 90% through systematic desensitization. Surgery is rarely needed and may worsen the condition.
The document discusses warning signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer, highlighting the importance of listening to one's body and seeking medical help if symptoms persist. It notes that ovarian cancer is often diagnosed at late stages and that annual screenings are not enough. It lists several potential symptoms and advises readers that if they suspect something may be wrong, they should get an ultrasound and CA-125 tests to help diagnose potential ovarian cancer. Early detection greatly increases chances of survival.
This slideshow provides a comprehensive look at what a doula is and why they are needed. It is the first unit in the certification course from New Beginnings Doula Training.
This document discusses planning and managing safe abortion care. It outlines key aspects of providing abortion services including establishing standards and guidelines, equipping facilities and training providers, financing services, and monitoring outcomes. It emphasizes integrating abortion into overall health systems and ensuring access is available to all women to the full extent of the law. The roles of nurses are also defined as providing counseling, assessments, administering abortifacients, follow-up care, and contraception services.
1. The document summarizes a case presentation on a 32-year-old female patient admitted for abnormal uterine bleeding secondary to prolapsed submucosal myoma.
2. It includes the patient's medical history, physical assessment findings, diagnosis, treatment plan including a vaginal myomectomy, and nursing care plan.
3. The case presentation follows a specific format covering the patient's data, health history, physical assessment, definition of the disease, pathophysiology, diagnostic procedures, medical management, nursing diagnosis, and discharge plan.
In-depth explanation of labor divided into two extensive parts. A thorough examination of proper procedure, care, and health for expecting mothers. Delicate consideration must be taken to insure the safety of the baby and promote the best chances for a healthy delivery. Topics such as biochemical messengers, hormonal balance, preterm conditions, fetal position, and cardinal movements.
Operative vaginal delivery using forceps or vacuum extraction can assist with prolonged labor and reduce caesarean sections if performed properly by selecting appropriate cases. Risks include maternal and fetal injuries from trauma. Vacuum extraction is generally safer and less technically demanding than forceps delivery. Both instruments carry risks if improperly used but complications are usually due to technique rather than the instrument itself. Careful patient selection, aseptic technique, and gentle controlled traction are necessary to minimize risks from these procedures.
Mastalgia, or breast pain, is a common breast symptom in women. There are two main types - cyclical mastalgia, which occurs before menstruation and is relieved after, and non-cyclical mastalgia, which is more common in older women. Potential causes include hormonal abnormalities or structural breast issues like cysts or fibroadenomas. Evaluation involves history, exam, ultrasound or mammogram. Treatment options range from lifestyle changes to medications like tamoxifen or danazol to surgical procedures for significant issues. Benign breast lumps like fibroadenomas and cysts are also common and usually diagnosed and managed conservatively through imaging and procedures.
This document provides a case study report of a 26-year-old pregnant woman, Sita Rai, who was admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain and diagnosed with oligohydramnios. The summary includes biographical data, obstetric history, physical examination findings, diagnosis of oligohydramnios, management including a cesarean section delivery, nursing care plan, and discharge teaching. Oligohydramnios is defined as a low amniotic fluid volume condition that can cause fetal complications. The case study objectives were to understand the condition and provide holistic nursing care to the patient.
1) Nurses play an important role in caring for women experiencing a missed abortion by providing emotional support, assessing bleeding and vital signs, educating on medical procedures and follow up care.
2) Key nursing responsibilities include monitoring blood loss, ensuring fluid balance, administering misoprostol as directed by the medical team, and providing counseling to help women cope with the emotional aspects of a missed abortion.
3) Nurses educate women on expected recovery, signs of complications, birth control options, and arrange follow up appointments to ensure complete abortion and post-procedure care.
The truth behind vaginismus disease by Alkhima MacarompisUntroshlich
Vaginismus is a condition where the vaginal muscles involuntarily tighten, making penetration painful or impossible. It has physical and psychological causes. Physically, it can be triggered by events like childbirth or sexual trauma that cause the body to anticipate pain during penetration. Psychologically, factors like fear, anxiety, past abuse or negative sexual experiences can contribute. Diagnosis involves ruling out other conditions through examination and history. Treatment involves both physical exercises with dilators to gradually desensitize the muscles, as well as psychological therapy to address underlying causes. Controlled studies show desensitization therapy is effective, with success rates up to 95%.
(1) Sir Martin Narey discovered he had prostate cancer after his PSA levels rose from 4.5 to 10.5 over several months. (2) He chose to have surgery to remove his prostate despite the potential side effects of incontinence and impotence. (3) He believes dealing with the cancer as quickly as possible through surgery was worth enduring the side effects to have the cancer cured.
Telemedicine: An opportunity to lower hysterectomy rate in rural areasSamantha Haas
This document discusses uterine fibroids and their treatment options, with a focus on uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) as a minimally invasive alternative to hysterectomy. The summary is as follows:
Uterine fibroids disproportionately affect African American women and can cause heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, and other symptoms. Hysterectomy is commonly performed but has risks, costs, and long-term effects. UFE is a outpatient procedure that blocks the blood supply to fibroids, causing them to shrink without surgery. It provides relief from symptoms for over 90% of women and allows preservation of the uterus compared to hysterectomy. The document advocates for increasing awareness of UFE among physicians and patients to reduce
Women’s warning signs of a heart attackLynette Crane
The “Hollywood Heart Attack,” where the character, clutching his chest, slumps to the floor immediately, does sometimes happen. But many heart attacks do not mimic this model. In particular, women’s symptoms of heart attack may be very different from men’s in both quality and severity.
Chapter 8 nursing care during labor and pain managementLeonila Limpio
This chapter discusses nursing care during labor and pain management. It covers cultural considerations during labor, different birth settings including hospital, birthing centers, and home births. It describes the stages of labor and nursing assessments and interventions during each stage. Nonpharmacological and pharmacological pain management strategies are discussed. The chapter objectives are to describe nursing care during labor including assessments, interventions, pain management and immediate newborn care.
This document defines vaginismus and discusses its diagnosis and treatment. It begins by defining vaginismus and tracing the evolution of its definition. It notes that vaginismus is characterized by involuntary contraction of pelvic floor muscles that interfere with penetration. The document discusses prevalence, types, potential causes, diagnosis through history and examination, and classification. It outlines treatment approaches including exploration of underlying phobias or beliefs, sex education, muscle relaxation exercises, and systematic vaginal desensitization using graduated insertion of trainers under controlled relaxation. The goal of treatment is to help women gain control of pelvic floor muscles and replace pain with pleasure through a multidisciplinary approach.
Breast pain is commonly caused by hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle or from taking hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy. Some tips to help relieve breast pain include wearing a supportive bra, cutting out caffeine, using heat or ice, gentle massage, and anti-inflammatory medication. If breast pain persists or is unusual, it should be checked by a doctor to ensure it is not a sign of breast cancer.
Linda, a 56-year-old elementary school principal, felt tired and had a lump in her breast that was being monitored. After further tests, she was diagnosed with Stage 2 invasive ductal carcinoma. She met with her doctor and a patient navigator to discuss her treatment options of lumpectomy or mastectomy, and learned about a new clinical trial for Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (IORT) that could avoid weeks of additional radiation treatment. After deciding on lumpectomy and chemotherapy, Linda had successful surgery and was able to receive IORT. She experienced side effects from chemotherapy but stayed strong through support from family, friends, and her faith. Two years later, Linda feels healthy again and shares her story to give hope to others
Abortion is a quick and a step by step procedure. We can get many queries as we start searching for medical abortion. Here you can find the answers for all types of queries.
Vaginismus is an involuntary spasm of the outer third of the vagina that interferes with sexual intercourse. It is caused by a fear of penetration and can be primary or secondary. Treatment involves breaking the pain-tension cycle through exploration of the underlying phobia, sex education, muscle relaxation exercises, and systematic desensitization using gradually larger dilators over several weeks until intercourse is possible. Drugs may help reduce anxiety but are not usually needed. Surgery is rarely required and may worsen the condition. The goal is to help women gain control of their vaginal muscles and feel comfortable with penetration.
This document is a magazine from Florida Hospital about women's and children's health. It contains several stories of patients who received successful treatment from doctors at Florida Hospital locations. The stories include a boy who had a painful bladder tumor removed robotically, a young woman who had a preventative double mastectomy due to her high breast cancer risk, a woman who received very quick diagnosis and treatment for thyroid cancer, and a man who was able to get treatment for epilepsy from a new adult program at the same hospital he works at. The magazine also contains some brief health tips.
Vaginismus is an involuntary spasm of the outer third of the vagina that interferes with sexual intercourse. It has psychological and physical causes and can develop from traumatic experiences, sexual abuse, or religious beliefs. Treatment involves breaking the pain-anxiety cycle through sex education, muscle relaxation exercises, and the gradual insertion of dilators under the woman's control to desensitize the vagina to penetration. The goal is to help the woman feel comfortable owning her body and sharing it through a process that respects her pace and limits anxiety, with success rates of around 90% through systematic desensitization. Surgery is rarely needed and may worsen the condition.
The document discusses warning signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer, highlighting the importance of listening to one's body and seeking medical help if symptoms persist. It notes that ovarian cancer is often diagnosed at late stages and that annual screenings are not enough. It lists several potential symptoms and advises readers that if they suspect something may be wrong, they should get an ultrasound and CA-125 tests to help diagnose potential ovarian cancer. Early detection greatly increases chances of survival.
This slideshow provides a comprehensive look at what a doula is and why they are needed. It is the first unit in the certification course from New Beginnings Doula Training.
This document discusses planning and managing safe abortion care. It outlines key aspects of providing abortion services including establishing standards and guidelines, equipping facilities and training providers, financing services, and monitoring outcomes. It emphasizes integrating abortion into overall health systems and ensuring access is available to all women to the full extent of the law. The roles of nurses are also defined as providing counseling, assessments, administering abortifacients, follow-up care, and contraception services.
1. The document summarizes a case presentation on a 32-year-old female patient admitted for abnormal uterine bleeding secondary to prolapsed submucosal myoma.
2. It includes the patient's medical history, physical assessment findings, diagnosis, treatment plan including a vaginal myomectomy, and nursing care plan.
3. The case presentation follows a specific format covering the patient's data, health history, physical assessment, definition of the disease, pathophysiology, diagnostic procedures, medical management, nursing diagnosis, and discharge plan.
In-depth explanation of labor divided into two extensive parts. A thorough examination of proper procedure, care, and health for expecting mothers. Delicate consideration must be taken to insure the safety of the baby and promote the best chances for a healthy delivery. Topics such as biochemical messengers, hormonal balance, preterm conditions, fetal position, and cardinal movements.
Operative vaginal delivery using forceps or vacuum extraction can assist with prolonged labor and reduce caesarean sections if performed properly by selecting appropriate cases. Risks include maternal and fetal injuries from trauma. Vacuum extraction is generally safer and less technically demanding than forceps delivery. Both instruments carry risks if improperly used but complications are usually due to technique rather than the instrument itself. Careful patient selection, aseptic technique, and gentle controlled traction are necessary to minimize risks from these procedures.
This document discusses several autoimmune and endocrine conditions that can affect pregnancy, including their presentation, diagnosis, and management. It covers thyroid disease, rheumatoid arthritis, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, myasthenia gravis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. For each condition, it describes associated risks for the mother and fetus, as well as recommendations for treatment and monitoring during pregnancy and delivery. The goal is to maintain maternal and fetal health while minimizing medication exposure for the baby.
This document compares the status and roles of women in Islam compared to other major religions such as Hinduism, Christianity, Buddhism, and Judaism. It outlines that in Islam, women are seen as equal to men and have rights similar to men. It then discusses how women's roles and status differ in these other religions, such as being seen as subordinate to men in Hinduism and having restricted duties in early Christianity and Buddhism when led by male religious leaders. It also notes how Judaism sees women as separate but equal with different obligations than men.
Parvovirus B-19 in Pregnancy Parvovirus is a member of the family Parvoviridae. The virus contains a single-stranded DNA. It can only infect humans. 50% of all adults have been infected sometime during childhood or adolescence.
Parvovirus B-19 in Pregnancy Epidemiology Congenital infection rates vary depending on the prevalence in the community. Approximately 50 to 75% of adult women are immune. 20% to 30% of susceptible adults in school settings will become infected. Day-care workers have a 20% to 50% risk of seroconversion. The risk of infection among susceptible adults following household exposure to an infected person is approximately 50%.
A normal pregnancy results in a number of important reversible physiological and hormonal changes that alter thyroid structure and more importantly function.
Understanding these change are important to interpreting, identifying and managing of thyroid disease in pregnancy.
The amniotic fluid cushions the fetus, protects it from infection and trauma, and allows freedom of movement. It maintains a stable temperature and permits lung development. Amniotic fluid volume is normally 500-1000cc at term. It is produced by the amniotic membranes and passes across the fetal skin and through fetal urination, swallowing, and respiratory secretions. Abnormal volumes can indicate fetal problems and complications in pregnancy.
This document discusses intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), defined as restricted fetal growth where the fetus does not reach its growth potential. IUGR complicates 5-10% of pregnancies and is a leading cause of stillbirths. It can be difficult to diagnose and distinguish SGA babies from those with true IUGR. The document outlines various causes of IUGR including maternal, fetal, and placental factors. Screening involves fundal height measurements, ultrasound assessments of biometric measures and Doppler of umbilical artery blood flow. Abnormal Doppler readings and estimated fetal weight below the 3rd percentile are strongly associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. Management involves surveillance and timing of delivery depends on underlying etiology and gestational age.
With the use of fertility enhancing medications, advance maternal age pregnancies and just the natural order od twinning, this pregnancy presentation has become more common among providers. Here we explore the etiology, presentation and management of twin pregnancies.
Detailed account of the various changes that occur in maternal anatomy, physiology, and metabolism of pregnant women. These physiological changes are often very precise, and deviations of physiological responses can be a prelude to possible disease/infectious states. In this second part of Labor, we will examine the various systems of the human body,its altered states during pregnancy, and how those changes affect the woman preparing for delivery. Special care is imperative in properly determining the needs of an expecting mother, so developing an intimate, trusting relationship between the mother and fully understanding her physiological output will lead to the best chances of a successful delivery.
Obstetrical ultrasound uses sound waves and computer imaging to safely examine the fetus without radiation. It can assess gestational age and fetal growth, check for anomalies, and monitor high-risk pregnancies. The exam involves measuring fetal anatomy and evaluating blood flow to check for signs of fetal distress. Abnormal findings may indicate conditions like growth issues or structural defects requiring further investigation.
Physiological changes during pregnancy can be extensive. The uterus grows dramatically in size and the cervix softens. The breasts enlarge and darken. Throughout pregnancy, the body retains more fluid and blood volume increases. Respiration increases to support higher oxygen needs. The heart works harder pumping more blood. The kidneys and liver increase in size. Many hormonal changes prepare the body for childbirth and nurturing a baby.
This document discusses women's health issues and focuses on gender differences in health, miscarriage, termination of pregnancy (abortion), and treatment after miscarriage.
The key points are:
1) Women are more likely than men to be diagnosed and treated for various health problems, but also live longer on average. Gender plays a role in health beliefs, behaviors, and experiences.
2) Miscarriage occurs in 15-20% of known pregnancies, and research shows it can result in grief, anxiety, depression, and a reassessment of past and future experiences. How miscarriage is managed medically also impacts women's experiences.
3) Abortion is legal in many countries up to a certain
The document provides information about routine gynecological exams, including the various components and goals. It discusses the importance of regular checkups in preventing illnesses and cancers. The medical history and breast exam are described. The pelvic exam involves four steps - external genital exam, speculum exam, bimanual exam, and rectovaginal exam. Comfort measures for patients are also outlined.
Common gynaecological issues and how to deal with them - All About Women - Ta...BigAtHeart
Gynecological problems are still by far the most common & less discussed issues. Hear from the experienced gynaecologist Dr. Anita about everything from menstruation to menopause.
Working women often suffer from lifestyle diseases and gynecological issues due to stress, unhealthy diets, and lack of exercise. The document discusses several common problems including breast cancer, infertility, menstrual disorders, sexually transmitted diseases, and high-risk pregnancies. It provides details on the causes and symptoms of these conditions and recommends steps like regular health checkups, preventative care, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle to avoid complications.
The effort to find out which one is better abortion or childbirth, relate it to Islamic teaching and conventional law. sorry for any kind of mistake/wrong.
Elizabeth GonzalezDr. Alain Llanes RojasAdvanced Primary.docxchristinemaritza
Elizabeth Gonzalez
Dr. Alain Llanes Rojas
Advanced Primary Family
Reproductive Health across
the lifespan
1
Labor and Birth Processes
A woman and the fetus during the late pregnancy prepares for labor process. During this period the fetus is ready for extra uterine life. There are several physiologic adaptations that a woman undergoes which prepares her for birth and motherhood. The end of pregnancy is represented by the labor and birth process which ushers in a extra uterine life for the newborn and a change for the family.
.
2
Birth Process
Giving Birth In United States
Model of birth
Medical model
Midwifery
Site of birth
Home
Birth center
Hospital
Stages of Labor
First stage: latent, active, transition
Dilatation
Second stage
Pushing and birth
Third stage
Delivery of placenta
First Stage DILATATION
The first stage of labor is divided into three phases: latent, active, and transition.
The first, the latent phase, is the longest and least intense. During this phase, contractions become more frequent, helping your cervix to dilate so your baby can pass through the birth canal
Active phase
You may feel intense pain or pressure in your back or abdomen during each contraction.
Transition phase
During transition, the cervix fully dilates to 10 centimeters. Contractions are very strong, painful, and frequent, coming every three to four minutes and lasting from 60 to 90 seconds.
Second stage: PUSHING AND BIRTH
Begins when the cervix is completely opened. At this point, your doctor will give you the OK to push. Your pushing, along with the force of your contractions, will propel your baby through the birth canal. The fontanels (soft spots) on your baby's head allow it to fit through the narrow canal.
Your baby's head crowns when the widest part of it reaches the vaginal opening. As soon as your baby's head comes out, your doctor will suction amniotic fluid, blood, and mucus from his or her nose and mouth
Third stage: DELIVERY OF THE PLACENTA
After your baby is delivered, you enter the final stage of labor. In this stage, you deliver the placenta, the organ that nourished your baby inside the womb.
Each woman and each labor is different. The amount of time spent in each stage of delivery will vary. If this is your first pregnancy, labor and delivery usually lasts about 12 to 14 hours. The process is usually shorter for subsequent pregnancies.
Stages of Labor
Labor Process
True Vs False Labor
True labor
Discomfort in the abdomen and the back
The cervix dilates
Sedation cannot stop the discomfort
Contractions at regular intervals
Gradually intensity increase
False labor
Intensity always remains to be the same
No cervical dilatation
Sedation can relieve discomfort
Contractions at irregular intervals
Pain Management In Active Labor
Hydrotherapy
Backrubs
Analgesia
Birth ball
Waling/movement
Medications
Several drugs are used to help ease the pain of la.
- A woman received a call from her ob/gyn informing her that her recent pap smear showed abnormal results. She should be concerned but not panic, as an abnormal pap smear requires follow up testing but does not necessarily mean she has cancer.
- A pap smear is a test to examine the condition of cervical cells. It screens for potentially pre-cancerous and cancerous processes in the cervix.
- Guidelines recommend women get an initial pap smear at age 21 and then pap smears every 3 years until age 30. Between ages 30-65, pap smears are recommended every 5 years if prior results have been normal.
1. The document discusses breast cancer risk factors, screening methods, and treatment options.
2. When a breast lump is discovered, it is important to see a doctor to determine if it is cancerous or benign. Further testing may be needed.
3. If cancer is diagnosed, treatment often involves surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or a combination of options. Support from family, friends, and medical professionals can help patients cope.
Global Medical Cures™ | Women's Health - REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
Caring for your reproductive health, understanding reproduction and gynecological disorders, and understanding you birth control options.
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
This clinic provides sexual health services, early pregnancy care, and pregnancy termination. It aims to offer care in a reassuring, professional environment. The team of specialists and consultants, led by Mr. Michael Stafford, can help with sexually transmitted infections, contraception advice, early medical or surgical termination of pregnancy, and cervical smear tests. Patients praise the sensitivity and understanding of the staff during difficult times.
Women have varied health issues and many of them often go unnoticed. This is because many women neglect their health because of societal pressure and lack of knowledge. It is important to know about the different health problems that can affect women.
Men and women can both be infertile, and the cause of infertility varies in women and men. For women, the cause of infertility ranges from diseases of the thyroid to fibroids in the uterus and even endometriosis.
This document provides information about miscarriage support and personal experiences with miscarriage. It discusses the emotional support available to those experiencing miscarriage, including support groups and counselors. It also shares the author's personal experience with multiple miscarriages and the emotions felt, encouraging seeking support from medical professionals rather than trying to cope alone or through unhealthy behaviors.
Three key points from the document:
1. The document provides information about miscarriage, including common causes, symptoms, myths, and support options. It aims to advise and support those experiencing miscarriage.
2. The author has personally experienced 13 miscarriages and wants to help other women by sharing her experiences, offering advice and support.
3. Women may experience a variety of emotions after miscarriage like shock, sadness, guilt, and anger. Support groups, counselling, and talking to partner, family and friends can help with grieving and recovery.
This document provides an outline for a course on gynecology for midwives. It includes an introduction to gynecology and outlines approaches for assessing patients, including history taking and physical examination. The history taking section describes obtaining information on a patient's identity, chief complaint, medical history, menstrual history, sexual history, and other relevant details. The physical examination section explains how to conduct breast, abdominal, and pelvic exams. It describes examining the external genitalia, inserting a speculum to examine the cervix, and performing bimanual and rectovaginal exams as part of the pelvic exam. The document aims to equip midwives with the clinical skills and knowledge needed to effectively care for female patients.
Has fertility been an issue for you? Use this book to help learn the reason for infertility and the naturals way you can get pregnant. Giving life is a wonderful gift and everyone should experience it. Don't resort to IVF until you've tried these methods.
Protecting your Fertility - A Guide for young Cancer patientsDr Aniruddha Malpani
The document discusses a man's experience with testicular cancer and fertility issues after undergoing chemotherapy treatment. He had one testicle removed due to cancer and underwent chemotherapy, which resulted in azoospermia (no sperm in semen). Doctors have suggested ICSI or using a sperm donor for fertility options. The man wants to know his chances of having sperm found for ICSI and how common and feasible using a sperm donor is. The document provides information on fertility preservation options and coping with infertility after cancer treatment.
1. The document discusses an approach to evaluating and treating female infertility. It defines infertility, discusses its prevalence and causes, and outlines evaluations including medical history, physical exam, and diagnostic testing.
2. Evaluation of both partners is recommended to identify potential causes of infertility such as ovulatory disorders, diminished ovarian reserve, tubal factors, and uterine abnormalities.
3. Prepregnancy counseling and optimizing chronic conditions are also discussed to maximize outcomes for patients seeking pregnancy. A comprehensive female evaluation incorporates history, exam, and testing to determine diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
What to Expect At A Gynecologists' Appointment.pptxKD Blossom
At a first gynecologist appointment, a woman can expect to discuss her medical history and any concerns. The doctor will perform examinations like taking vitals, asking health questions, conducting a physical exam, pelvic exam using a speculum to check the vagina and cervix, and may also perform a Pap test to screen for cervical cancer. Additional tests like a breast exam or STD testing may also be part of the visit depending on the patient's age, sexual history, and any symptoms. The goal is to monitor women's reproductive and sexual health and catch any issues early.
This document discusses diagnosing and treating premenstrual syndrome (PMS). It begins by noting that PMS is a common complaint. It then covers diagnosing PMS using charts to track symptoms. Potential causes are discussed but are unknown. Treatment options presented include lifestyle changes, vitamins/supplements, and pharmacotherapies like SSRIs. Finally, it stresses the importance of counseling patients and defining treatment success individually.
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International TravelersNX Healthcare
Travel Clinic Cardiff offers comprehensive travel health services, including vaccinations, travel advice, and preventive care for international travelers. Our expert team ensures you are well-prepared and protected for your journey, providing personalized consultations tailored to your destination. Conveniently located in Cardiff, we help you travel with confidence and peace of mind. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
The biomechanics of running involves the study of the mechanical principles underlying running movements. It includes the analysis of the running gait cycle, which consists of the stance phase (foot contact to push-off) and the swing phase (foot lift-off to next contact). Key aspects include kinematics (joint angles and movements, stride length and frequency) and kinetics (forces involved in running, including ground reaction and muscle forces). Understanding these factors helps in improving running performance, optimizing technique, and preventing injuries.
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...Jim Jacob Roy
In this presentation , SBP ( spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ) , which is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis and ascites is described in detail.
The reference for this presentation is Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Textbook ( 11th edition ).
Know the difference between Endodontics and Orthodontics.Gokuldas Hospital
Your smile is beautiful.
Let’s be honest. Maintaining that beautiful smile is not an easy task. It is more than brushing and flossing. Sometimes, you might encounter dental issues that need special dental care. These issues can range anywhere from misalignment of the jaw to pain in the root of teeth.
Summer is a time for fun in the sun, but the heat and humidity can also wreak havoc on your skin. From itchy rashes to unwanted pigmentation, several skin conditions become more prevalent during these warmer months.
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montreal
Demystifying Fallopian Tube Blockage- Grading the Differences and Implication...
Simple Steps...to a better you
1.
2. Slowly I turn
Step by step
Inch by inch
Deeper and deeper
Ouch….
Chapter Five
My GYN Exam
Question: What’s a gynecologist?
Answer: A man you don’t have to ask is it in.
An alternate definition would be, “A specialist who has completed an approved Ob/Gyn
residency training program.” We should add, “…and renders quality medical services,
accurate treatment and expected respect to women when evaluating their health care
needs….” So what happened to Mary?
A spring ambiance complimented the friendly flow of patients in and out of the busy
doctor’s office, which lay quietly nestled between flocks of tall oaks. Ambience
personified, Currier could not have described it better to Ives. Inside, the office was
bustling with activity. Some patients were scattered amongst the friendly chatter while
others found quiet comfort in reading the accessible magazines. “Mrs. Chamberlain, the
doctor will see you now,” chanted a friendly nurse’s voice. Individually, she led
anxiously waiting patients towards their respective evaluating room, her starched white
serving as a directing beacon.
While passing a neatly curtain framed window, the nurse stopped abruptly, “There it is
again!” The shadow of a partially cloaked ' 89 Ford Escort peaked amongst the
arboresque background. She had seen this same car similarly parked on several previous
occasions but the occupant never came inside. Then after a few minutes, just as
mysteriously, the car would slowly pull away.
Who knew that seated inside that car was fear? Her name was Mary but that only
identified a shell whose spirit abandoned long ago. Spiraled fingers tenaciously strangled
a steering wheel tear stained. Mary could only tolerate brief glimpses into an imprisoned
past; finding no unlocking keys in the present.
3. At the time, she was just a little girl, shy of ten years old. Tom was her neighborhood
friend. They did everything together but her guardian grandma just misunderstood. Ruled
by old and deep-rooted values that believed boys kept away from girls, an unwritten rule
which substituted for contraception.
Despite Mary’s pleas of unbroken virginity, her grandmother needed confirmation. It still
seemed like yesterday, not thirty years ago. Dragged into that ruined, antiquated musky
shack masquerading as a medical facility to see the doctor, but that was the worth of the
southern poor. Mary begged, “Don’t leave me alone!” However, the doctor insisted.
Slowly and gentle at first, he guided her feet into the stirrups. That was his last gentle
touch. Tears began to carve into Mary’s face, as flashbacks appeared of hands too big
that should not touch her there. Thirty years later the battle still rages inside.
It was only because of her friendly and concerned psychiatrist that Mary even agreed to
see a gynecologist. “A Pap test is very important to look for cancer and you have never
had one,” he pleaded. “There is a new female doctor in the area, and I think you will like
her.” So Mary had been practicing going to her appointment for weeks, bravely driving
her car to the gynecologist’s office, sitting there an unobstructed minute, then pulling
away.
Now today was different; it was the day of her appointment. Mary took a deep breath and
mustered up some buried confidence, knowing her own health was more important than a
damaging past.
Then she quietly drove away.
The ANNUAL GYN EXAM is vital to assist women in maintaining their health. It
should include a detailed history, complete physical exam, and testing based on age
recommendations. Knowing the basic details of these components will help you better
understand, prepare and ensure a proper and complete evaluation.
Detailed History
Below is historical information your doctor will need, especially if seeing you for the first
time. Review and write down this information before your visit, take your time and make
sure it is complete.
I. GYN HISTORY
A. LMP: (last menstrual period)
What age did you start your first cycle?
How long does your cycle last?
How many days are between each cycle?
Do you have a history of normal cycles?
4. If abnormal, what is your bleeding pattern?
Do you have any bleeding between your cycles?
Can you have a period every two weeks or skip whole months?
Is there heavy bleeding or severe pain?
Do you have symptoms associated with your cycle such as headache, cramps, abnormal
pain or bloating?
Do you have any symptoms of PMS? (Irritability, anxiety, breast pain, water retention or
mood swings)
Initiation of the menstrual cycle starts around age twelve (11y.o. -14y.o.). It may be
irregular in the beginning, sometimes taking years to develop into a normal pattern. An
average time or interval between two menstrual cycles is usually 21 – 40 days (average
28 days). The first day of the cycle is the first day of bleeding and can last 1- 9 days
(average 5 days). Irregular bleeding, especially in a woman’s earlier years and after the
cycle has become established can have multiple causes. These can include a hormone
imbalance called dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB), uterine leiomyomas (fibroids),
unexpected pregnancy, thyroid disease, sexually transmitted infections (STI’s) and
polycystic ovarian disease.
Peri-menopause or climacteric is a time when the menstrual cycles should get lighter,
further apart and eventually go away. Symptoms associated with this time of change also
include anxiety, irritability, insomnia, mood swing, migraine headaches, memory loss,
hot flashes, depression and loss of sexual desire. Women can experience physical
changes such as sensitive/dry skin, smaller breast, bladder problems (unable to hold
urine), dryness and itching in the vaginal area. Menopause means you have stopped your
periods for one year and the average age is fifty-one.
Irregular cycles, abnormal spotting or heavy bleeding needs attention. This can consist of
a personal examination, various labs, radiology test or possible surgical evaluations by a
health provider. In women over 40, there is more of a cancer concern with abnormal
vaginal bleeding than in younger women. An endometrial sampling allows acquiring
tissue samples from the lining of the uterus (womb) that is sent to pathology. This can be
done in the office, similar to having a Pap test, with mild-moderate cramping. In addition,
a pelvic ultrasound can evaluate the thickness of that lining, the size of the uterus (womb)
and examine the ovaries.
B. PAP, STI’s and CONTRACEPTION
Date of your last pelvic exam and Pap smear.
Were either abnormal?
If abnormal, were any tests, procedures or follow-up instructions given?
Do you have a history of an abnormal Pap smear? If so, when.
Do you have a history of any sexual infections (like Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, Herpes,
Syphilis, HIV, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) …) or PID (pelvic infections)?
5. What is your sexual history, gender preference (if comfortable) and number of sexual
partners?
What type of contraception have you used now or in the past? List them, names, dates
and duration used.
Did you have any problems taking contraception?
Are you interested in any particular contraceptive or information on contraception?
Choose carefully your contraception. Combination birth control pills, patches, and rings
contain synthetic estrogen and progesterone hormone components. Newer products may
have a greater risk of complications compared with older products, especially blood clots.
Obesity, smoking, diabetes and/or personal/strong family history of heart disease, blood
clots or stroke may be risk factors for taking the estrogen in the combination pills.
Progesterone –only contraception lacks estrogen and includes Depo-Provera, Norplant or
the Mini-Pills. You should not take contraceptive pills if you are over 35 and smoke
cigarettes.
IUD’s are devices inserted in the uterus (womb) and can have up to 10 years of
pregnancy protection, depending on the type used. After insertion, you should check its
attached string monthly. The IUD may be acceptable for older patients, those with single
sex partners and completed families.
Condoms reduce the risk of sexual infections but those from animal intestines (lambskin)
are thin and may not protect completely against A.I.D.S., Herpes, Chlamydia or Hepatitis
B. Latex condoms better shield against these infection.
Tubal ligation procedures provide permanent contraception. Some are performed in an
operating room or Surgi-center through an incision on the lower abdomen or a scope
placed right below the navel. Others can be done in an office setting where plugs are
placed in the openings of the fallopian tubes through a scope introduced into the uterus
via the vagina (Essure). If making this decision, it should be viewed as a permanent
solution. Some of these procedures can be reversed but the success depends on the type
of procedure done and if there is any damage to a woman’s pelvic organs, fallopian tubes
and/or uterus.
II. OBSTETRICAL HISTORY
Each pregnancy experience is important. Try to access as much complete detail as
possible. Get your records if needed, especially if complicated.
You need to list each pregnancy, dates of delivery, type of delivery, length of labor,
baby’s weight, sex and Apgar score. Also list outcomes and any pregnancy
complications. Include name, address and phone number of delivery provider and
hospital. Include miscarriages, abnormal, molar or tubal pregnancies.
6. III. GENERAL MEDICAL HISTORY
Are you being treated for now or in the past, any medical problems, especially high blood
pressure, asthma, TB, bronchitis, lupus, diabetes, psychiatric disorders, rheumatic fever
and/or heart disease? All past medical problems are important. BE SURE TO GET A
COPY OF PAST MEDICAL RECORDS and allow 2-6 weeks to get them in the mail.
You can call the office and pick up your medical records in person if needed sooner. A
signature is required on all medical information releases and sometime charges are
incurred. Make sure to ask for progress notes, consultations, labs, radiology reports,
hospital discharge summaries and operative reports. It is ILLEGAL for this information
to be withheld from you.
Allergies
Are you allergic to any medications?
List them and what type of reactions you have had.
Medication
Are you currently taking any medications?
What is the name, dose, how often do you take it and how long have you been on the
medication?
Always list over the counter medications and herbal supplements. Chronic use of even
over the counter medications can cause health problems. Excess Tylenol is related to liver
problems and NSAIDS (Motrin, Advil, and Alleve) to ulcers and bowel disturbances.
Smoking
Do you smoke cigarettes? How much, how often and how long?
Smoking kills silently. It increases the risk of lung cancer, bronchitis, and emphysema
and may contribute to heart disease. Nicotine products plus counseling can be a helpful
approach to quit smoking and women do better than men.
Alcohol
Do you drink alcohol? How much and how often, be truthful.
Excess use can lead to liver and brain problems.
Hospitalizations/Surgery:
You should list type of any surgery or reasons for hospitalization. Include dates,
doctors/hospitals involved including addresses and phone numbers. Also list any
diagnosis and/or complications
7. Lab/X-Ray/Ultrasounds/Other Radiology studies
Make sure to get reports of all evaluations.
IV. FAMILY MEDICAL HISTORY
Certain medical problems run in families placing you at risk. If you are not sure, talk to
relatives. List disorders like who have had or has high blood pressures, cancer, diabetes,
heart disease and/or genetic disorders) that may affect family members.
V. SOCIAL HISTORY
What are your marital status, occupation, educational level, living environment and any
social problems?
Social services departments are located in most hospitals and health clinics. In addition,
private offices may have referral numbers for such services. This can be helpful in
emergencies and locating services, you may be entitled. Don’t be afraid to ask.
If you are seeing your doctor for a problem or just an annual GYN exam, you should still
fill out a complete history if not previously recorded.
IV. REASON FOR VISIT
Common chief complaints
If there is a problem, it is important to describe the problem in detail.
Here are some common gyn-related problems.
PAIN:
Where is it is located?
Is it constant or does it come and go?
Does it radiate to other areas?
How long has it been there?
Are there other associated signs/symptoms like fever, chills, nausea, vomiting,
constipation or diarrhea?
Do certain things make it better or worse? (eating, breathing, changing positions, etc.)
DISCHARGE:
How long has it been there?
What color is the discharge?
8. Does it itch or have an odor to it?
Any fever, chills or abdominal pain?
Does your sexual partner have any symptoms?
Any history of sexual infections?
BLADDER/BOWEL
Are there any bladder problems?
(pain with passing urine, going too often, voiding at night or passing urine with a cough
or sneeze)
Are there any bowel problems?
(constipation, diarrhea, bloody stools, indigestion)
Is there a previous personal or family history of bowel or bladder problems?
An additional copy of all this information should be kept in a file at home labeled
“personal medical information”. Software is also available to help you better store
personal medical histories if you are computer savvy, like Minerva Health Manager, My
Life Record and Medefile.