The document provides background information on the First and Second Anglo-Boer Wars between the British and the Boers in South Africa. It discusses key figures on both sides, including Paul Kruger and Cecil Rhodes. It outlines the political situation preceding each war and highlights some major battles, such as Majuba Hill and Spion Kop. It also describes the aftermath of the wars, including Boer guerrilla warfare, the British use of scorched earth tactics, and the high death toll in British-run concentration camps.

1. Koos de la Rey
Paul Krüger
Louis Botha

2. Frederick Sleigh Roberts
Sir Redvers Henry Buller
Cecil Rhodes

3. Who were the Boers
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Boer means "farmer"
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Dutch, German and French settlers
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Founded the Boer Republics
- Oranje Vrijstaat
- Transvaal

4. 1

5. The Boer Wars
The First Anglo-Boer War
- political situation
- the process of war
-Battle of Majuba Hill
- aftermath

6. The First Anglo-Boer War
Political situation
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1877 partial annexation of Transvaal by Great Britain
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Boers refused to pay taxes to British administration
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Boers wanted to be independent
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December 16th 1880 Boers declared themselves as independent
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Britsh troops fired first shots to prevent a Boer riot

7. The process of war
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Skrimishes started
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December 20th 1880 Action at Bronkhorstspruit
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January 16th 1881 all British garrisons besieged
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January 28th British troops lost The Battle of Laigns Nek
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February 27th British troops lost The Battle of Majuba Hill

8. The Battle of Majuba Hill
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British troops wanted to occupy the hill
- gain an overwatch position
- shoot Boers from above
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Boers noticed troop movement
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Stormed Majuba Hill
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"vuur en beweeg" tactic
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White helmets were an easy target
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Many British soldiers killed by headshots

9. The process of war
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The British had lost the Battle of Majuba Hill
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Major-General George Pommeroy Colley K.I.A.
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Replaced by Sir Evelyn Wood
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Cease fire agreement
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March 23rd Paul Krüger signed a peace treaty

10. Aftermath – Boer side
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Boers won the war
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41 casualties
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47 wounded combatants
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Boers were good marksmen
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Used advanced dynamic tactics
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Wore no flashy helmets
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Wore khaki working clothes

11. Aftermath – British side
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Britsh lost the war
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408 casualties
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315 wounded soldiers
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British soldiers moved & fought in formations
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Used old strategies and relied on old guns
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Unknown terrain
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Wore white flashy helmets
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Wore red uniforms

12. The Boer Wars
The second Anglo-Boer War
- political situation
- Cecil Rhodes
- Jameson Raid
- the process of war
- Battle of Spion Kop
- aftermath

13. The second Anglo-Boer War
Political situation
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Cape to Cairo Railway
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Diamonds and gold discovered in Transvaal
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Paul Krüger signed a British mining agreement
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High taxes on goldwares

14. Cecil Rhodes
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British politician & imperialist
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Caused annexation of Bechualand
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Later Prime Minister of The Cape Colony
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Provocation of Boers
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Policy of encirclement
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Supporter of the 1895 Jameson Raid

15. Jameson Raid
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Leander Starr Jameson
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Overthrow the president of Transvaal
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Failed due Boer outpost
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Surrendered
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Tensioned Anglo-Boer realationship

16. The second Anglo-Boer War
Political situation
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Import ban on explosives
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High taxes on dynamite
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Import ban on weapons
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Limitation of "Uitlander" rights

17. The process of war
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The British annexed countries
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The Boer Republics were encircled by the British
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British troops moved near Natal-Transvaal border
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Acts of provocation
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Boer troops were located near the borders
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Paul Krüger issued an ultimatum to the British
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After the expiriation on October 12th war started

19. The process of war
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Comandant-Generaal Piet Joubert was injured
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He was replaced with the 37 year old Lois Botha
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Boer troops created a defense line at river Tulga
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October 18th 1899 British reinforcements arrived
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Lieutenant General Redvers Buller arrived
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Reinforcement troops were split
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Smaller detachments secured Cape Midlands
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Main force with Buller headet towards Natal

21. The Battle of Spion Kop
January 24th 1900
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British troops climbed it in the morning
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Mist lifted
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Noticed they were not on the dominant crest
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Got into Boer crossfire from higher peaks
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350 British casualties
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Nearly 1000 soldiers wounded

22. The process of war
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The British had a row of defeats
Lieutenant General Redvers Buller was replaced by
Field Marshall Frederick Roberts
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Tides turned in favor of the British
March 13th Bloemfontain was captured
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Paul Krüger fled to Europe
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June 5th Pretoria was captured

23. The process of war
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Boer troops started guerillia warfare
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British used tactic of scorched earth
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Destruction of boer farms
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Boer women and children in concentration camps

25. concentration camps
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Miserable conditions
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No sanitary facilities
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Bad medical treatment
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food shortages
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Over 120.000 were interned
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26,000 died of hunger and diseases.

26. Process of war
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May 31st Boer leaders signed a peace treaty
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The "bitterenders" destroyed their rifles

27. Aftermath
British side
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7.894 casualties
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934 missing
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22.828 wounded
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13.250 died of disease
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1 eaten by crocodile
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86 struck by lightning

28. Aftermath
Boer side
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9.098 casualties
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Unknown number of wounded
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Food production basis destroyed