This document discusses extremophilic microorganisms and their potential applications. It begins by explaining that extremophiles can live and thrive in extreme environments through specialized biochemical and physiological adaptations. It then classifies different types of extremophiles and provides examples of applications in bioenergy production, bioremediation, and industrial and healthcare uses. Specifically, it notes that extremophiles and extremophilic enzymes show promise for use in biorefining, chemical industry, environmental cleanup, and medicine due to properties like thermostability and salt tolerance. The document concludes by emphasizing that extremophiles represent a vast source of novel molecules and organisms that can be exploited for countless applications.

1. Bioprospeksi
Mikroorganisme
Ekstremofilik
Bioprospeksi Mikroorganisme
Disusun Oleh: Sulistya Ika Akbari

2. • hidup dan berkembang di tempat ekstrem
• dapat mengembangkan sifat biokimia atau
fisiologis baru untuk beradaptasi
• mampu mensintesis enzim yang dapat
memfasilitasi stabilitas protein
• berperan dalam siklus geokimia di atmosfer,
menjaga keseimbangan kimia lingkungan,
membantu mengurangi GRK, dan detoksifikasi
bahan kimia berbahaya
Mikroorganisme
Ekstremofilik
bakteri termofilik
(Durvasula & Rao, 2018; Sani & Rathinam, 2018; Wolella & Tilahun, 2020)

3. Keanekaragaman lingkungan ekstrem di Bumi

4. Klasifikasi Ekstremofilik

5. Aplikasi Mikroorganisme
Ekstremofilik

6. Bioenergi Bioremediasi
Industri
(makanan,
detergen, dll.)
Kesehatan
Ekstremozim sebagai biokatalis memiliki sifat luar
biasa, seperti termostabilitas, adaptif dingin, dan
tunjangan osmotik, untuk memungkinkan mereka
digunakan dalam biorefinery, industri kimia,
bioremediasi, biomedis, dan pengendalian pencemaran
lingkungan.

7. produksi etanol (Hon et al., 2017).
Clostridium thermocellum
ATCC 31924
Cyanidium caldarium,
Galdieria sulphuraria Cryptococcus curvatus,
Lipomyces starkeyi
Bioenergi
Thermoanaerobacterium
saccharolyticum
meningkatkan produksi etanol
selulosa (Singh et al., 2018).
produksi biodiesel (Coker, 2016).
akumulasi lipid untuk bahan baku
biodiesel (Tsigie et al., 2011).
Cryptococcus curvatus. Source: Chattophadyay & Maiti (2021)

8. Source: Finch & Kim (2018)

9. mendetoksifikasi ion logam
(Mergeay et al., 2003).
Pseudomonas simiae
Pseudomonas taiwanensis Anoxybacillus sp.
Bioremediasi
Ralstonia sp. CH34
mendegradasi minyak tanah
(Pham et al., 2014).
mendegradasi bensin
(Pham et al., 2014).
mendegradasi berbagai hidrokarbon (C8-
C22) pada 67 ℃ (Xia et al., 2015)
Anoxybacillus sp. Source: bacdive.dsmz.de/

10. menghasilkan beta karoten untuk
produk makanan dan obat (Kilic et al.,
2019).
Haloferax alexandrines
Bacillus halodurans Halorubrum lacusprofundi
Industri
Dunaliella salina
menghasilkan canthaxanthin
(Asker & Ohta, 2002).
produksi enzim untuk deterjen,
pemutihan pulp dan kertas, (Leemhuis
et al., 2010; Kumar & Satyanarayana,
2012; Vijayalaxmi et al., 2013 )
sintesis bahan kimia (Karan et al., 2013).
Bacillus halodurans. Source: www.researchgate.net/

11. reagen untuk PCR (Ishino & Ishino, 2014).
Sulfolobus sp.
Nostoc sp., Anabaena sp. Ectothiorhodospira halochloris
Kesehatan
Thermus aquaticus
menghasilkan peptida
antimikroba (Coker, 2016).
produksi syctonemin untuk obat dan
produk fotoproteksi (Gao & Garcia-
Pichel, 2011; Rastogi et al., 2015).
produksi ektoin untuk obat mata dan kulit
(Harishchandra et al., 2010).
Thermus aquaticus. Source: www.researchgate.net/

12. Source: Zhu et al. (2020)

13. Kesimpulan
• Mikroorganisme ekstremofilik mewakili
sumber daya molekul dan organisme yang
sangat besar yang dapat dieksploitasi untuk
aplikasi yang tak terhitung banyaknya.
• Mikroorganisme ekstremofilik memiliki potensi
untuk memediasi katalisis dalam berbagai
kondisi operasi termasuk lingkungan yang
ekstrim dan meningkatkan laju katalitik.
• Beberapa di antaranya menghasilkan enzim
yang berkontribusi pada pemrosesan
makanan, formulasi deterjen, proses
bioremediasi, hingga obat.

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