Presented by Pantaleon Casmir Chuwa, University of Dar es Salaam, at the Bioinnovate Regional Experts Workshop on Industrial Effluents Management in East Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 19-20 May 2014
The document discusses waste legislation and management in Finland. It provides details on SYKE's roles in waste management policy and regulation. It then describes the Finnish legislative system and hierarchy of laws. The document defines waste and lists the European Union waste categories. It outlines environmental permits and monitoring requirements for industries. Finally, it discusses Finland's waste legislation, strategies, and adherence to the waste hierarchy.
The document summarizes China's policies and practices regarding e-waste treatment funds. It outlines China's regulations on e-waste management over time. It then describes the current e-waste treatment fund system, including how the fund is collected and subsidizes qualified e-waste recycling enterprises. It notes that in 2013 over 40 million units of e-waste were processed through this system with over 1.8 billion RMB in subsidies paid out. It concludes by discussing challenges in expanding e-waste management and the treatment fund system.
The document provides an assessment report on Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). It begins with an introduction to EPR, defining it as a policy that shifts responsibility for end-of-life product management from governments to producers. It then discusses global EPR trends, perspectives on EPR in Egypt, and concludes with recommendations, such as developing an EPR policy framework in Egypt through stakeholder consultation.
Iso 14001 consulting by Netpeckers Consulting IndiaIskcon Ahmedabad
This document provides an overview of ISO 14001 and the benefits of implementing an environmental management system. It discusses key aspects of ISO 14001 such as the principles, documentation requirements, audit process and certification. Direct benefits include cost savings, compliance with regulations, improved public image and preferential treatment from government organizations. The presentation recommends working with Netpeckers Consulting, an ISO-certified organization, to implement an environmental management system and achieve ISO 14001 certification.
Extended producer responsibility by K D BhardwajRojarsharin
Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is a policy approach that makes producers responsible for the treatment or disposal of post-consumer products. This provides incentives for producers to reduce waste and promote recycling. Several countries and policies in India have adopted EPR for various waste streams including e-waste, batteries, packaging, and lighting. Effective EPR systems require coordination between many stakeholders like producers, government agencies, recyclers, and consumers. Monitoring producer compliance and achieving high collection rates present ongoing challenges to ensure the success of EPR programs.
Environmentally Sound Technologies for the Future for the futureSteve Halls
This document discusses mechanisms for promoting environmentally sound technologies (ESTs). It outlines that ESTs can provide economic benefits but their adoption faces barriers. The presentation covers: assessing EST performance; reporting environmental data transparently; linking financial and environmental indicators; and balancing voluntary initiatives with regulations. The goal is to mainstream ESTs by clarifying their benefits and facilitating investment decisions based on full economic and environmental criteria.
The document discusses waste legislation and management in Finland. It provides details on SYKE's roles in waste management policy and regulation. It then describes the Finnish legislative system and hierarchy of laws. The document defines waste and lists the European Union waste categories. It outlines environmental permits and monitoring requirements for industries. Finally, it discusses Finland's waste legislation, strategies, and adherence to the waste hierarchy.
The document summarizes China's policies and practices regarding e-waste treatment funds. It outlines China's regulations on e-waste management over time. It then describes the current e-waste treatment fund system, including how the fund is collected and subsidizes qualified e-waste recycling enterprises. It notes that in 2013 over 40 million units of e-waste were processed through this system with over 1.8 billion RMB in subsidies paid out. It concludes by discussing challenges in expanding e-waste management and the treatment fund system.
The document provides an assessment report on Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). It begins with an introduction to EPR, defining it as a policy that shifts responsibility for end-of-life product management from governments to producers. It then discusses global EPR trends, perspectives on EPR in Egypt, and concludes with recommendations, such as developing an EPR policy framework in Egypt through stakeholder consultation.
Iso 14001 consulting by Netpeckers Consulting IndiaIskcon Ahmedabad
This document provides an overview of ISO 14001 and the benefits of implementing an environmental management system. It discusses key aspects of ISO 14001 such as the principles, documentation requirements, audit process and certification. Direct benefits include cost savings, compliance with regulations, improved public image and preferential treatment from government organizations. The presentation recommends working with Netpeckers Consulting, an ISO-certified organization, to implement an environmental management system and achieve ISO 14001 certification.
Extended producer responsibility by K D BhardwajRojarsharin
Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is a policy approach that makes producers responsible for the treatment or disposal of post-consumer products. This provides incentives for producers to reduce waste and promote recycling. Several countries and policies in India have adopted EPR for various waste streams including e-waste, batteries, packaging, and lighting. Effective EPR systems require coordination between many stakeholders like producers, government agencies, recyclers, and consumers. Monitoring producer compliance and achieving high collection rates present ongoing challenges to ensure the success of EPR programs.
Environmentally Sound Technologies for the Future for the futureSteve Halls
This document discusses mechanisms for promoting environmentally sound technologies (ESTs). It outlines that ESTs can provide economic benefits but their adoption faces barriers. The presentation covers: assessing EST performance; reporting environmental data transparently; linking financial and environmental indicators; and balancing voluntary initiatives with regulations. The goal is to mainstream ESTs by clarifying their benefits and facilitating investment decisions based on full economic and environmental criteria.
Dear fellow my network this is my actual view point plz share me for more learning help with your knowledge
thanks
Regarding...........,,
AB TABUSSAM(MBA-UM3rd
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This document presents an environmental and social impact assessment report for a study to design additional facilities for wastewater treatment plant sites in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It outlines the ESIA objectives, methodology, relevant policies and frameworks, baseline environmental and social conditions, stakeholder consultation process, alternatives analysis, impact analysis, and environmental management plan. Baseline studies found pollution of streams and rivers, soil erosion, and air pollution from wastewater treatment plant emissions. Stakeholder consultation revealed support for the project alongside concerns about traffic, noise, employment, and safe management of chemicals.
Cases of NAMAs and Registry: IndonesiaFarhan Helmy
Indonesia is developing a unified registry system to track its climate mitigation actions and targets across sectors and levels of governance. The registry would build on existing programs and initiatives, including the National Action Plan (RAN-GRK) and REDD+. It is proposed to have a committee for approval, a secretariat for administration, and experts to analyze submissions. Challenges include the diverse actors and actions, and various existing MRV systems. Indonesia has submitted its first NAMAs in 2010 and one on sustainable urban transport in 2012. Other proposals in development include green aviation initiatives. The timeline outlines capacity building and developing the registry system from 2013-2014.
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Environmental Product Stewardship in Emerging and Transitioning MarketsAntea Group
Product Stewardship is an environmental management strategy that means whoever designs, produces, sells, or uses a product takes responsibility for minimizing the product's environmental impact throughout all stages of the products' life cycle, including end of life management. The greatest responsibility lies with whoever has the most ability to affect the full life cycle environmental impacts of the product. This is most often the producer of the product, though all within the product chain of commerce have roles. This presentation covers EPS drivers and regulations, then takes a deeper look at what this looks like in emerging and transitioning economies in countries like India, South Africa, Indonesia, Singapore, China, Mexico, Peru, and Brazil.
Pollution being an endangerment to the living beings present all over the globe which impinges people's lives everyday. Major life threatening illnesses have been reported worldwide due to chronic exposure to pollution.WHO reports 6.5million premature deaths every year due to pollution which is a major threat to the human existence.This presentation discusses about the different types of pollution, its health effects, the steps being taken to control pollution in India and the ways to control the pollution. I hope this helps atleast a bit to make the world a better place for us to live!!
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The document discusses policy and legislative environment for value addition of agro-based industrial effluents in Kenya. It examines the national circumstances, relevant policies and legislation, challenges to technological uptake, and lessons from case studies. The key policies promote renewable energy, cleaner production, and green technologies. However, the laws take a compliance-focused approach and lack incentives for value addition. Main challenges include outdated laws, low investment in technology, and weak private-public partnerships. The recommendations are to review laws to promote value addition, develop standards for technologies, and support carbon credit projects to finance innovation in agro-industrial effluent management.
This document discusses environmental policies and the role of the judiciary in India. It provides details on key environmental policies in India, including the National Environment Policy 2006. It discusses how the constitution directs states to protect the environment. The National Green Tribunal was established to hear environmental disputes. The document also discusses policies around waste management and renewable energy in India, focusing on proper implementation, monitoring, and adoption of sustainable technologies.
Presentation on 'UNIDO-Industry Partnerships', by Igor Volodin from UNIDO at 2014 UN-Water Annual International Zaragoza Conference. Preparing for World Water Day 2014: Partnerships for improving water and energy access, efficiency and sustainability. 13-16 January 2014
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The document discusses the concerns developing countries face in meeting increasingly stringent environmental regulations in international trade. Case studies show regulations on agriculture, fisheries, leather and textiles can be expensive for small producers and developing countries to comply with. National responses and international cooperation are needed to help developing countries strengthen capacities to meet standards, disseminate information, and participate in standard setting. Technical assistance should help build long-term capacities to comply with environmental standards and enhance export competitiveness.
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Dear fellow my network this is my actual view point plz share me for more learning help with your knowledge
thanks
Regarding...........,,
AB TABUSSAM(MBA-UM3rd
This document discusses harnessing market forces for environmental protection through market-based instruments (MBIs). It outlines analytical frameworks for environmental problems, taxonomy of policy instruments, and examples of MBIs used internationally and in India. While India relies heavily on command-and-control measures, the document argues MBIs could address weaknesses in monitoring and enforcement under the current system. Designing policies that place an economic value on pollution and allow flexibility in compliance through emissions trading or taxes could incentivize firms to reduce pollution at lower cost than uniform standards.
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Cases of NAMAs and Registry: IndonesiaFarhan Helmy
Indonesia is developing a unified registry system to track its climate mitigation actions and targets across sectors and levels of governance. The registry would build on existing programs and initiatives, including the National Action Plan (RAN-GRK) and REDD+. It is proposed to have a committee for approval, a secretariat for administration, and experts to analyze submissions. Challenges include the diverse actors and actions, and various existing MRV systems. Indonesia has submitted its first NAMAs in 2010 and one on sustainable urban transport in 2012. Other proposals in development include green aviation initiatives. The timeline outlines capacity building and developing the registry system from 2013-2014.
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The document provides an overview of environmental issues and management approaches related to oil and gas exploration and production. It describes the various stages of the exploration and production process and identifies potential environmental impacts at each stage, such as habitat destruction, air and water pollution, and oil spills. The document emphasizes the importance of effective environmental management systems to prevent or minimize impacts. It discusses regulatory frameworks and outlines a common industry-wide Health, Safety and Environmental Management System. The document aims to inform managers in industry and government about best practices for achieving high environmental performance in oil and gas operations worldwide.
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This document outlines Yass Shire Council's strategy for managing on-site sewage systems. It was produced in response to new regulations requiring councils to develop sewage management strategies. The strategy aims to minimize pollution impacts and protect public health and the environment. It details plans to register existing systems, educate homeowners, inspect high risk systems, and ensure new systems meet performance standards. The strategy establishes approval processes and fees for on-site sewage management in the Shire.
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Contact us: info@mydbops.com
Visit: https://www.mydbops.com/
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Review of policies and regulatory incentives/disincentives for development and adoption of innovations for industrial effluent management in Tanzania
1. Review of policies and regulatory
incentives/disincentives for development and
adoption of innovations for industrial effluent
management in Tanzania
Pantaleon Casmir Chuwa
University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
1
Bio-innovate Regional Experts Workshop on Industrial
Effluents Management in East Africa
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 19-20 May 2014
3. 1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Effluent: Fluid material discharged from domestic or
industrial wastes systems affecting their natural state
(NESC, 2005)
Effluent treatment plant/system: detoxicating or stabilizing
biodegradable organic impurities
(EMA, 2007).
Industrial effluent management: processes used to prevent or
treat waters - anthropogenic industrial or commercial activities
prior to its release into the environment.
3
4. Background cont.
BOD: mass concentration of dissolved O2 consumed by
biological oxidation of organic/ inorganic matter
COD: Mass conc O2 equiv dichromate consumed by effluent
treated with that oxidant
Compliance plan: Environmental Compliance Order issued
containing a set of conditions for observance or fulfillment by
any person violating the regulations
4
5. 1.2 Existing situation
•Food/beverage industries - generate effluents BOD high
values (UNEP, 2009)
•Fish waste - Lipids and proteins (bioresource) (Mbatia et al.,
2010; Gumizinza, 2009) Fish processing industrial effluent
•Primary treatment - Undersized stabilization ponds
•Local Gov Authorities - supplying water & effluents disposal
• Dependent on external donors: WB and EU
•1,663,090 m3/day untreated domestic and industrial waste –
Dar city
5
6. Plate 1.a: Sewer overflows in the City centre
1.b: Discharged untreated wastewater in a
stream
6
7. Introduction cont.
•1998: Constructed wetlands (CWs) into TZ success (Njau
et al., 2007; Njau & Katima, 2003).
•Waste Stabilization Ponds and Constructed Wetlands
Research and Development Group – UDSM
• Water Policy and regulatory frameworks -
- Supply & Sanitation
- Dev Vision 2025 , NSGPR, NWSDS 2006-2015
- No emphasis on industrial effluents treatment
7
8. Introduction cont.
•VPO - Division of Environment, NEMC and the PMO
Regional Administration and Local Government enforcement,
setting standards and issuing permits for the discharge.
•Environmental policy (1997)
-Regulations are related to industrial effluent management
•Reg & international laws, regulations
-Basel and Bamako Conventions – categories
- East African Community Treaty (2006); environment and
natural resources management
8
9. 1.3 Rationale
•Untreated effluents
-Lack of cost-effective and efficient sanitary infrastructure
or integrated technologies OR partly
- weaknesses in enforcing existing /regulations
•Enabling national policies and regulations with
incentives is inevitable -adoption and diffusion of
emerging integrated technologies and innovations by
industry partners.
•The review process: determined incentives &
provide policy recommendations stimulate adoption
of innovations
9
10. 1.4 Objectives
•Key partners/actors & regulatory instruments
including incentives/disincentives determined
•Recommended policy options for effectiveness and
efficiency of frameworks in adoption of emerging
innovations
10
11. 2.0 METHODOLOGY
2.1 Identification and collection of relevant
documents
- Work-plan
-Environmental policies, regulations,
standards and other related Report.
2.2 Interviewing the regulators and industrial
partners
- Concerns and shortlisted gaps
-Questionnaire - compliance & enforcement dimensions-
BIL and NEMC, respectively.
11
12. Methodology cont.
2.3 Site visits
Urafiki Textile Ltd & Vingunguti major City abattoir DSM
2.4 A case study within the Bio-innovate programme
public-private partnership pilot-onsite demonstration of
CWT- BIL, Arusha (questionnaire)
2.5 Compilation & report writing
12
13. 3.0 FINDINGS
3.1 Characterization of industrial effluents and codes
-3 groups - domestic, municipal and industrial (Chinamo, 2012).
-- Volume 683,717 m3 per day in Tanzania
-Codes (Reg 8 (1) Basel and Bamako Conventions/under
List B: Non hazardous waste: EMA
(Hazardous Waste Control) Reg. Act of 2008: Table 1
Technologies
•Waste Stabilization Ponds
•Constructed Wetlands
•UASB
13
14. Table 1: Types of industries with codes and waste in effluent
SN Type of industry Code number Raw materials Examples
1 Agro-processing
industries
B3060 Wine lees,
vegetable waste,
fish waste,
husks, bones and
horns.
Ben-winnery,
Kibuku, BIL -
Arusha
Fish processing B3060 Fish waste
2 Sisal decorticating B3030 Sisal waste Katani Ltd - Tanga
and Alavi estate -
Kibaha
Cooking fats and
oil
B3065
3 Abattoirs B3060 Blood and dung Vingunguti -DSM
4 Tanneries B3100 Hair, chemicals Morogoro
5 Textile Mills B3030 wool, animal
hair, animal
waste, fiber
Urafiki, Mbagala
6 Sugar Factories/ B3060 Bagase Kilombero, Mtibwa14
15. 3.2 Regulatory agencies,regulations and instruments
The Constitution URT (2005) – basis
Article 14: persons are entitled to a healthy environment
Article 9: Impose legislations on natural resources are
preserved
Article 47: The Vice President of Tanzania - environment
management
Division of Environment (policy &coordination)
- NEP(1997)
EIA;
Env legislations;
Econ instruments;
Env standards and indicators; &
Precautionary approach.
Enforcement & incentives α Monitoring instruments
15
16. Findings cont.
Planning Commission -Coordinates economic dev -
integration of env concerns in dev plans with mutual support
among interested groups e.g NGO.
NEMC an advisory body
•Enforcement, compliance, review and monitoring of EIA
(EMA No. 20 of 2004, EIA& and Audit Regulations (2005),
NEAP (2008) &The Environmental Management (Water Quality
Standards) Regulations (2007) of National Environmental
Standards by TBS).
- water quality standards, including permissible water pollutant
discharge limits and permits, compliance with enforcement
plans, offences and penalties.
- Inspection and decision is done by NEMC:
-Offence fine of not exceeding equivalent to US $ 6,250.00) or
to imprisonment five years or to both. 16
17. Regulatory bodies & instruments cont.
Ministry of Water & Irrigation
•NWP (2002): Based on NSGPR
Industries to pre-treat of effluents & advice adoption of CPT.
•The regulatory frameworks don’t have enough emphasis on industrial
effluents Instead:-concentrate on water bills and connections for supply
•EWURA regulates quality of wastewater after treatment (TBS
stds/MITM/NESC) & finance: tariffs
•Water Sector Environmental Action Plan (2011)
DANIDA& CIDA USD 15,748,387,097.00.
Env challenges - measures e.g Inventory awareness rising on
EIA,CPT -
•National Water Sector Development Programme (WSDP) of 2006-2025
- Commercial service provision
17
18. Regulatory bodies & instruments cont
The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MoHSW):NHP (1997)
•Management of Industrial and consumer chemicals. (Consumer
Chemicals (Management and Control) Act No. 3 of 2003
National regulations are not well articulated
Regionally, East African Cooperation (EAC) Treaty of 2006
•Standards for effluents and receiving waters - proposed for
harmonization:
- Water quality, Discharge of effluent, and Hazardous substances
and materials. (definition of terms, scope, field of specifications
and limits for each standard)
18
19. Regulatory bodies & instruments cont
Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs)
•MDG 7; - Ensure environmental sustainability.
Crosscutting in nature CBD and UNFCCC
CBD - National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP)
in 1998.
program;- to “Assess and inspect industrial effluent treatment
and engagement of CPS” &
“Design and implement a reliable
system for monitoring effluents
Achievement of the frameworks during implementation are
negatively affected (disincentives) by:
Inadequate environmental management awareness (Tech &
incentives) and insufficient resources
19
20. Regulatory bodies & instruments cont
Other challenges
Reluctance of institutions to collaborate
Reluctance to allow research - bad practices
Lack of a maintenance culture
Lack of awareness on CPT
Use inappropriate technologies
Lack of investment &innovative capability
Low priority on environ issues in some sectors
Inadequate dissemination & acceptance of environ
research results to improve policy decisions
20
21. National and sectorial strategies, plans and incentives for
adoption of tech.
National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP) of 2008
-Provides a unifying set of principles and objectives for an
integrated and multi-sectoral approach to address the totality of
the environment
-Promotes research and technology initiative
-Integrates the environmental policy and strategies into the
planning process.
-All sectors and interested groups (NGOs) are articulated in
implementation plans.
- Planning Commission under the President’s Office
coordinates the actors.
The incentives offered through policy or legal instruments
include financial subsidies, awards, premiums, fiscal
incentives, and lending facilities (URT, 1996) – S&TP
21
22. Role of private sector in promoting cleaner production
and constraints
100 NGOs are involved in implementation
programmes ander coordination of Planning Comm
•Among them include AGENDA for Environment and
Responsible Development (1994)
Among its six programmes:
-Environmental Consultancy Services for
Environmental Impact Assessment, Environmental
Audit, Projects Monitoring and Evaluation and
environmental management trainings.
Industries assessed under CPT program are strong
promoters of industrial effluents treatment. In CPT
22
23. 4.0 LESSONS ON INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT DISCHARGE
MANAGEMENT
NWP (2002): Role on reviewing legislations for industries to
pre-treat their effluents, strengthening enforcement
mechanism and advising adapt CPT but infrastructure &
appropriate Tech is lacking
No restrictive and enabling regulations which stimulate the
stakeholders to participate effectively in wastewater/industrial
effluent treatment projects.
ONLY incentives offered in NSTP (1996) include financial
subsidies, awards, premiums, fiscal incentives, and lending
facilities. CWT not yet recognized and receive support for
adoption in local industries
23
24. Lessons
Waste Stabilization Ponds and Constructed Wetlands
Research and Development Group in Tanzania
Lack of incentives which lead to the overall
challenges that include poor cooperation by some
stakeholders or industrial partners.
Other disincentives are lack of awareness on cleaner
production technologies and inadequate capacity for
activities that could contribute to improved relevant
environmental decisions
EAC harmonization initiatives to t common reg.
24
25. 5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
Effluents from agro-proc industries as a bio-
resource
Establish sub-companies managing value added
products
Tax exemption for importation of the required
plant and equipments
Inventory of existing/emerging treatment
technologies for effluents
Prioritize technologies and set incentives
•Effective dialogues with key messages with
evidenced success from onsite pilot projects
• Engagement of efficient and popular media groups
25