Bioinformatics is the use of computers for the acquisition, management, and analysis of biological data. It combines biology, computer science, and information technology to analyze and interpret biological data. The field includes molecular medicine, gene therapy, drug development, and other applications. Common software tools used in bioinformatics include BLAST and FASTA. BLAST is an algorithm for comparing biological sequences to identify similar sequences in databases, while FASTA is a software package for protein and DNA sequence alignment.

1. Bioinformatics
Submitted to:- Submitted by:-
Dr Geeta singh Nishant verma
Mrs Poonam sheroan
(14001007906)
Asst.prof Bme 4th year
Bme department

2. contents
Introduction
Necessary of bioinformatics
Goal of bioinformatics
Field of bioinformatics
Components of bioinformatics
Application of bioinformatics
Software and tools
Blast
Fasta
Conclusion

3. introduction
 Bioinformatics is the use of computers for the
acquisition, management, and analysis of
biological information
 Bioinformatics is the field of science in which
biology,computer science and information
technology merge into a single discipline.
 Bioinformatics is the science of managing and
analyzing biological data using advanced
computing techniques

4. Why bioinformatics is
necessary
The need for bioinformatics has arisen from the
recent explosion of publicly available genomic
information, such as resulting from the Human
Genome Project.
Gain a better understanding of gene analysis,
taxonomy, & evolution.
To work efficiently on the rational drug designs
and reduce the time taken for the development
of drug manually.

5. Field of bioinformatics
 Molecular Medicine
 Gene Therapy
 Drug Development
 Microbial genome applications
 Crop Improvement
 Forensic Analysis of Microbes
 Biotechnology
 Evolutionary Studies
 Bio-Weapon Creation

6. Where bioinformatics help?
 In Experimental Molecular Biology
 In Genetics and Genomics
 In generating Biological Data
 Analysis of gene and protein expression
 Comparison of genomic data
 In Simulation & Modeling of DNA, RNA &
Protein

8. Bioinformatics is a multifaceted discipline combining
many scientific fields including computational biology,
statistics, mathematics, molecular biology and
genetics

9. Application of bioinformatics
•Molecular medicine
•Personalized medicine
•Preventative medicine
•Gene therapy
•Drug development
•Microbial genome applications
•Waste cleanup

10. Software and tools
•Software tools for bioinformatics range from simple
command-line tools, to more complex graphical
programs and standalone web-services available
from various bioinformatics companies or public
institutions.
•The computational biology tool best-known among
biologists is probably BLAST, an algorithm for
determining the similarity of arbitrary sequences
against other sequences, possibly from curated
databases of protein or DNA sequences.
•BLAST is one of a number of generally available
programs for doing sequence alignment. The NCBI
provides a popular web-based implementation that
searches their databases.

11. Blast
 Basic Local Alignment Search Tool.
 It is an algorithm for comparing biological
sequences information, such as amino acid
sequence of different proteins or the
nucleotides of DNA sequences.
 BLAST is used to identify library sequences
that resembles the query sequences.

12. Cont’d
BLAST is a tool for alignment of sequences.
BLAST was originally developed by NCBI( National Center for
Biotechnology Information).
The NCBI site provides binary files for the following operating
systems and platforms.
 UNIX
 Linux
 Mac
 MS-Windows
 IBM AIX 5.1

13. Uses of blast
BLAST can be used for several purposes. These
include:
the sequence of interest. Identifying Species:
With the use of BLAST, you can possibly
correctly identify a species and/or find
homologous species. This can be useful, for
example, when you are working with a DNA
sequence from an unknown species.
Locating Domains:
When working with a protein sequence you can
input it into BLAST, to locate known domains
within

14. Cont’d
Establishing Phylogeny:
Using the results received through BLAST, you
can create a phylogenetic tree using the BLAST
web-page.
Comparison:
When working with genes, BLAST can locate
common genes in two related species, and can
be used to map annotations from one organism
to another.

17. Fasta
FASTA is a DNA and protein sequence
alignment software package.
FASTA package contains programs for protein:
protein, DNA:DNA, protein : translated DNA ,
and ordered or unordered peptide searches.

19. conclusion

20. References
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioinformatics
2. http://www.iasri.res.in/ebook/CAFT_sd/Concepts
%20of%20Bioinformatics.pdf
3. https://www.slideshare.net/JTADrexel/bioinformat
ics-2512758
4. http://bioinformaticsinstitute.ru/sites/default/files/l
apidus_1_0.pdf

21. THANK YOU