Bioinformatics is defined as the field that studies biology using computers and information technology. It involves the collection, storage, and analysis of molecular biological data. Some key events in bioinformatics history include Watson and Crick proposing the DNA double helix structure in 1953 and the development of databases like GenBank and algorithms like BLAST and FASTA in the 1980s to aid in database searching. The goals of bioinformatics are to better understand living cells at the molecular level by analyzing raw molecular data. It has become important due to the explosive growth of biological data and need for large databases and tools to access and study this information.

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SIDDAGANGA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Department of Biotechnology
B.E. Biotechnology
Introduction to Bioinformatics
Mr. Vivek Chandramohan
Asst. Professor
Department of Biotechnology
B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka

2. WHAT IS BIOINFORMATICS?
Computer
Science
Statistics
BIOINFORMATICS
Molecular
Biology
Introduction to Bioinformatics 9/19/2014
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B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka

3. DEFINITIONS
"Bioinformatics is the field of science in which biology,
computer science, and information technology merge into
a single discipline.”
-The National Center for
Biotechnology Information(2001) , NCBI
Introduction to Bioinformatics 9/19/2014
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B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka

4. Introduction to Bioinformatics 9/19/2014
YEAR DISCOVERY/INVENTION AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE
1953
Watson and Crick proposed the DOUBLE HELIX structure of the genetic
material
1965
The first major bioinformatics project was undertaken by Margaret Dayhoff
in1965, who developed a first protein sequence database called Atlas of
Protein Sequence and Structure
1970
Brookhaven National Laboratory established the Protein Data Bank for
archiving three-dimensional protein structures
1970
The first sequence alignment algorithm was developed by Needleman and
Wunsch
1974
The first protein structure prediction algorithm was developed by Chou and
Fasman
1980
GenBank and the development of fast database searching algorithms such as
FASTA by William Pearson and BLAST by Stephen Altschul and coworkers.
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TIME LINE
B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka

5. INTRODUCTION
Analyze, Store and Collect Molecular Biological
information from database
Main perspective of the field is the discovery of new
biological approaches
Provides central, globally accessible databases that
enable scientists to submit, search and analyze
information
Offers analysis software for data studies and
comparisons
Provides tools for modeling, visualizing, exploring and
interpreting data
Introduction to Bioinformatics 9/19/2014
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B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka

6. GOALS
The ultimate goal of bioinformatics is to better understand
a living cell and how it functions at the molecular level
Analyzing raw molecular sequence and structural data,
bioinformatics research can generate new insights and
provide a “global” perspective of the cell.
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B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka

7. WHY BIOINFORMATICS?
Number of researches increasing every day
Explosive growth in biological information
Need for a huge database to store, manage and retrieve
information
Regular updating
Available online to all
Without these most of the medical and biological field
would have been on standstill
Introduction to Bioinformatics 9/19/2014
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B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka

8. WHY BIOINFORMATICS?
Introduction to Bioinformatics 9/19/2014
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B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka

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WHY BIOINFORMATICS?
B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka

10. FIELDS RELATED TO BIOINFORMATICS
Systems biology
Proteomics
Genomics
Pharmacogenomics
Pharmacogenetics
Cheminformatics
 In silico ADME-Tox Prediction
 Computational biology
 Structural bioinformatics
 Evolutionary relationships
 Next generation Sequencing
(NGS)
Introduction to Bioinformatics 9/19/2014
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B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka

11. APPLICATIONS
Introduction to Bioinformatics 9/19/2014
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B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka

12. Introduction to Bioinformatics 9/19/2014
Top 3 Bioinformatics Companies by Revenue (2010-11)
Name of the Companies Location
Ocimum Biosolutions Hyderabad
Strand Life Sciences Bangalore
Geschickten Bangalore
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2010-11 2009-10 2008-09
Biospectrum, Thursday, June 09, 2011
http://biospectrumindia.ciol.com/content/BioServices/11106093.asp
Ocimum Biosolutions
Strand Life Sciences
Geschickten
Revenue in crore
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B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka

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Thank You
B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka