3. Biogeochemical Cycle
Bio = “life” Geo = “earth”
Chemical = “elements” Cycle = no
beginning or end
Also known as Nutrient Cycle
Is a pathway by which a chemical
element or molecule moves through
both biotic (biosphere) and abiotic
( lithosphere, atmosphere, and
hydrosphere) compartments on Earth .
4.
5. Oxygen-Carbon Dioxide Cycle
OXYGEN and CARBON – the two most important
components of the air. Without these two gases,
photosynthesis and respiration cannot take place
OXYGEN – given off by plants during photosynthesis and is
used by other living organisms for respiration.
- the major reservoir is the atmosphere
CARBON DIOXIDE – given off during respiration is used by
the photosynthetic organisms to produce food.
- formation of fossil fuels and coals are
also part of the carbon cycle.
6. Factors that may affect the carbon
cycle:
Decomposition- breakdown of
organic compounds
Primary productivity- the rate at
which photosynthetic organisms
produce biomass per unit area per
unit time
9. Water Cycle
Also known as Hydrologic Cycle – the
continuous movement of water on, above, and
below the surface of the Earth (oceans, land, air,
and living organisms)
Processes involved:
1. Evaporation- transformation of water from liquid to
gaseous phase.
2. Transpiration- give off water through skin
3. Condensation- water vapor into liquid
4. Precipitation- the condensed water vapor that falls
5. Infiltration- flow of water from the ground surface
into the bottom of the soil that becomes ground
water
6. Run-off- moves across the ground or land
26. Nitrogen Cycle
79% of the gases in the atmosphere is
made up of nitrogen gas.
Most important nutrient cycles that takes
place in the natural world
Most important component for all living
begins as the building blocks of life that is
DNA, RNA and other proteins are made up
of nitrogen.
27. Three processes:
Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria- live in soil and are abundant in the
nodules of legumes such as mung beans.
- they convert nitrogen to ammonia
through the process, Nitrogen fixation
Decay nitrification- brought about by some bacteria
converting organic compounds into ammonia and finally
nitrates, which are useful to plants.
Denitrification- reduces nitrates to nitrogen gas, thus,
replenishing the atmospheric nitrogen that was once used,
returning it back to the atmosphere , the reservoir
28.
29.
30. Phosphorus Cycle
Phosphorus is an element that is
essential for the growth and
development of living things.
Rocks are the main reservoir of this
chemical
When abundant, in aquatic environment,
they can cause “algal bloom”
31.
32. USES:
Used to make waterproof matches
Used in fertilizer
Used to produce special glasses, for example
sodium lamps
Calcium phosphate is used to create fine
chinaware
Monocalcium phosphate used to make
baking powder
Used in making steel, and phosphor Bronze
Na3PO4 is used as cleaning agent, water
softener, and also prevents corrosion in
pipes
36. Sulfur Cycle
It is through several processes that sulfur enters
the atmosphere. It could be through the
combustion of fossil fuels, volcanic eruptions, and
the decomposition process
Sulfur enters the atmosphere as hydrogen sulfide
(H2S).this can easily combine with water to form
sulfur dioxide (SO2). When it rains, this SO2 can
combine with water and form sulfuric acid, H2SO4,
a form of acid rain.