The document outlines the capacity planning for a big data solution, detailing the setup of an analytical and alerting system for data from 10,000 servers generating approximately 10 million events or 50 GB of data daily. It specifies the architecture involving components like Hadoop, Spark, Kafka, Elasticsearch, and HDFS, with storage requirements calculated to approximately 6.15 TB monthly, accounting for growth rates of 10% quarterly and 15% annually. Hardware specifications for data and namenodes are provided, emphasizing the need for specific CPU, memory, and storage configurations.

1. Capacity Planning
Big Data Solution

2. Hello!
I am Riyaz A Shaikh
Full Stack Architect
You can find me at:
@jf @rizAShaikh
Riyaz A Shaikh
www.riyazshaikh.com

3. Requirement
Need to setup analytical and alerting system
on data produced by 10,000 servers.
Assuming 10 million events generated per
day by all servers. Considering 50 GB of data
per day.

4. Big Data Cluster
Considering Hortonworks Hadoop
distribution for cluster setup with following
systems.
 HDFS for data backup in compressed
format.
 Spark for data computation and
transformation.
 Apache Kafka as messaging service for
data completeness.
 Flume for data capture
 Elasticsearch for Analytical data storage
and search engine.
 Kibana for data visualization

5. Kafka cluster capacity
Assumption Size in GB Rationale
Daily average raw data ingest rate 50
Kafka retention period of 2 days 100 Raw data * retention period
Kafka replication factor of 3 300 Raw data * retention period * replication factor
Storage per Day 300 GB
Storage per Month
This is staging. Monthly calculation is not required because
data will be auto purged after retention period.
Table 1

6. Elasticsearch cluster capacity
Assumption Size in GB Rationale Remarks
Daily average raw data ingest rate 50
Elasticsearch 3 shards 50
Shards are index split. No
extra space required.
Elasticsearch 3 replica 150 Raw data * replicas
Each shards will be
replicated 3 times
Storage per Day 150 GB
Storage per Month 4500 GB Per day * 30 4.5 TB per month
Table 2

7. HDFS to backup Elasticsearch data
Assumption Size in GB Rationale Remarks
Daily average raw data ingest rate 50
HDFS replication factor by 3 150 Raw data * replication factor
70 % Compression 45 (150 – (150*70/100)) LZO compression
Storage per Day 45 GB
Storage per Month 1350 GB 1.35 TB per month
Table 3

8. Typical Node structure
Table 4
Node Structure
Typical per data node storage capacity
4 TB 2 X 2 TB HDD
Temp space for processing by Spark,
Map Reduce etc. 1 TB 25% of the data node
Data node usable storage
3 TB
Raw storage - Spark
reserve
Considering storage capacity from above three tables
Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3.
Total storage required per month is
300GB+ 4500GB+1350GB = 6150 GB (approx.. 6.15 TB)

9. “
Assuming 10% data growth per quarter. Further, considering
15% year-on-year growth in data volume.
Below given Table 5 indicated capacity required as per data
growth year-on-year

10. Capacity growth year-on-year
Table 5
10% Data Growth Quarterly (Data in TB)
Quarter Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Q1 6.15 9.4 12.5 16.7 22.2
Q2 6.8 9.9 13.2 17.5 23.3
Q3 7.4 10.4 13.8 18.4 24.5
Q4 8.2 10.9 14.5 19.3 25.7
Yearly storage 28.5 40.6 54.0 71.9 95.7
Data nodes required =
yearly storage / Data node usable storage
10 14 18 24 32

11. Hardware Specs
Considering one year storage on ten data
node with one Namenode and one standby
Namenode.
Table 6 & 7 shows hardware configuration of
each machines.

12. Typical worker node hardware configurations
Table 6
Midline configuration (Data Node)
CPU 2 × 8 core 2.9 Ghz
Memory 64 GB DDR3-1600 ECC
Disk controller SAS 6 Gb/s
Disks 5 × 1 TB LFF SATA II 7200 RPM. 1 TB for OS
Network controller 2 × 1 Gb Ethernet
Notes
CPU features such as Intel’s Hyper-Threading and QPI are desirable.
Allocate memory to take advantage of triple- or quad-channel
memory configurations.

13. Typical Namenode hardware configurations
Table 7
Namenode configuration
CPU 2 × 8 core 2.9 Ghz
Memory 128 GB
Disk controller RAID 1
Disks 4 × 1 TB 1 for the OS, 2 TB for FS image and 1 for Journal node
Network controller 2 × 1 Gb Ethernet
Notes
CPU features such as Intel’s Hyper-Threading and QPI are desirable.
Allocate memory to take advantage of triple- or quad-channel
memory configurations.

14. Thanks!
Any questions & feedback!
Write to me at:
@rizAShaikh
Shaikh.r.a@gmail.com