This document discusses some of the key issues around big data including potential implications, views on data collection purposes, identity theft concerns, and regulatory challenges. It notes that while big data is often viewed as increasing identity theft risks, the overall rates have actually remained flat since 2005. Additionally, the EU is poised for sweeping changes to data protection laws for member states, while US policy reviews are underway due to Edward Snowden's NSA leaks.

1. BIG DATA
Big Data Overview: Security,
Privacy, Regulation
Charles Walker
April 16, 2014

2. BIG DATA
Potential Big Data Implications
• Conventional Wisdom on Big Data:
– Data should only be collected for an identified purpose
• First Commandment of Data Hygiene – “Thou shall not collect and hold onto personal information unnecessary
to an identified purpose.” – FTC Chairman Edith Ramirez, 2012

3. BIG DATA
Potential Big Data Implications
• Conventional Wisdom on Big Data:
– Data should only be collected for an identified purpose
• First Commandment of Data Hygiene – “Thou shall not collect and hold onto personal information unnecessary
to an identified purpose.” – FTC Chairman Edith Ramirez, 2012
• Another View of Big Data:
– “. . . big data refers to things one can do at a large scale that cannot be done at a smaller one, to
extract new insights or create new forms of value, in ways that change markets, organizations, the
relationship between citizens and governments, and more.”
Viktor Mayer-Schönberger and Kenneth Cukier, “Big Data: a revolution that will transform how we live, work
and think”, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013

4. BIG DATA
Potential Big Data Implications
• Conventional Wisdom on Big Data:
– Data should only be collected for an identified purpose
• First Commandment of Data Hygiene – “Thou shall not collect and hold onto personal information unnecessary
to an identified purpose.” – FTC Chairman Edith Ramirez, 2012
• Another View of Big Data:
– “. . . big data refers to things one can do at a large scale that cannot be done at a smaller one, to
extract new insights or create new forms of value, in ways that change markets, organizations, the
relationship between citizens and governments, and more.”
Viktor Mayer-Schönberger and Kenneth Cukier, “Big Data: a revolution that will transform how we live, work
and think”, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013
• Benefits From Big Data Innovations:
– “Because big data analysis involves finding correlations and patterns that might otherwise not be
observable, it almost necessarily involves uses of data that were not anticipated at the time the data
were collected.” Thomas M. Lenard and Paul H. Rubin, Technology Policy Institute: The Big Data Revolution:
Privacy Considerations, Technology Policy Institute, December 2013

5. BIG DATA
Identity Theft and Big Data?
• Big Data is thought to present risks for increased identity theft:
– Data Brokers Vulnerable to Black Market Identity Thieves: http://bit.ly/1emd51h

6. BIG DATA
Identity Theft and Big Data?
• Big Data is thought to present risks for increased identity theft:
– Data Brokers Vulnerable to Black Market Identity Thieves: http://bit.ly/1emd51h
• Overall Identity Theft has Actually Been Flat Since 2005:
– Overall incidence of identity fraud has been flat from 2005-2012
– Total $ lost to fraud fell from $29.1B ’05 – ’09 to $19.6B ‘10 –’12
– Only 15% of identity fraud is associated with data breaches/online causes
Thomas M. Lenard and Paul H. Rubin, Technology Policy Institute: The Big Data Revolution:Privacy
Considerations, Technology Policy Institute, December 2013

7. BIG DATA
Identity Theft and Big Data?
• Big Data is thought to present risks for increased identity theft:
– Data Brokers Vulnerable to Black Market Identity Thieves: http://bit.ly/1emd51h
• Overall Identity Theft has Actually Been Flat Since 2005:
– Overall incidence of identity fraud has been flat from 2005-2012
– Total $ lost to fraud fell from $29.1B ’05 – ’09 to $19.6B ‘10 –’12
– Only 15% of identity fraud is associated with data breaches/online causes
Thomas M. Lenard and Paul H. Rubin, Technology Policy Institute: The Big Data Revolution:Privacy
Considerations, Technology Policy Institute, December 2013
• Big Data Solutions Can Combat Identity Theft
– States Turn To Big Data Solution to Combat Tax Fraud: http://bit.ly/OFBx17
– IBM Using Big Data Solutions to Fight Big Business Fraud: http://bit.ly/OFvh9J

8. BIG DATA
Regulatory Challenges
• EU poised for sweeping changes in data protection for member states
– Draft of proposed law “ . . . based on the proposition that control of individual, personal data is a
fundamental human right, and includes the right to consent, the right to access, and the ‘right to be
forgotten,’ within limits.”
– Companies that violate laws regarding EU member data could face up to $136 M in fines
Big regulation poised to change big data - http://bit.ly/1l4I7ZS

9. BIG DATA
Regulatory Challenges
• EU poised for sweeping changes in data protection for member states
– Draft of proposed law “ . . . based on the proposition that control of individual, personal data is a
fundamental human right, and includes the right to consent, the right to access, and the ‘right to be
forgotten,’ within limits.”
– Companies that violate laws regarding EU member data could face up to $136 M in fines
Big regulation poised to change big data - http://bit.ly/1l4I7ZS
• US Policy Review on Data Collection Underway
– Edward Snowden’s leaks on NSA data collection have prompted reform on how metadata is collected
and accessed by intelligence agencies. http://bit.ly/1kvmAei
– WH Adviser John Podesta challenges private industry on transparency: http://on.wsj.com/Qdus9C
– Tech Giants Battle WH framing of data mining: http://bit.ly/1hH5c5U