2. New criticism This term ,set current by the publication of the john Crowe Ransom’s The New criticism in 1941 ,came to applied to a theory and practice that was prominent in American literary criticism until late in the 1960s.
3. Modernism The term modernism is widely used to identify new and distinctive feature in subject ,forms ,concept and the other arts in the early decades of twentieth century, but especially after world war I.
4. Post modernism The literal meaning of postmodernism is “after modernism,” and in many ways postmodernism constitutes an attack on modernist claims about the existence of truth and value—claims that stem from the European Enlightenment of the 18th century. In disputing past assumptions postmodernists generally display a preoccupation with the inadequacy of language as a mode of communication.
