Bender gestalt test
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The Bender-Gestalt Test is used to assess visual motor maturity, screen for developmental disorders, and evaluate neurological damage. It examines perceptual motor skills and neurological functioning. During the test, patients copy and recall 9 figures over 10 minutes to evaluate their visual maturity, visual motor skills, ability to correct mistakes, and planning organization. Scoring looks at errors like omitting or distorting angles, closing figures improperly, disproportionate sizes, overlapping lines, and substituting simpler designs. The results provide insight into a patient's visual processing, motor skills, and neurological integrity.
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Bender gestalt test
The Bender Gestalt Test (BGT) is a screening tool developed in 1938 to assess visual-motor and visuoconstructive abilities. It involves copying simple line drawings and is used to evaluate neurological and developmental deficits. The test demonstrates good reliability, with interscorer reliability for errors ranging from .87 to .90. Validity is also good as an indicator of perceptual-motor development, with error scores decreasing with age. While brief, economical, and flexible to administer, the BGT provides only limited information about specific brain damage and lacks a universally accepted scoring system.
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Interpretation: There are no formal, normative standards for the TAT.
General
The simplest procedure for studying TAT responses is the inspection technique.
Most clinicians interpret the TAT stories informally; repetitive patterns or themes become apparent by reading through a subject's stories.
It is useful to know the typical themes and stories that are elicited by each of the cards.
Deviations from these may offer rich interpretive value.
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Most clinicians interpret the TAT stories informally; repetitive patterns or themes become apparent by reading through a subject's stories.
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The Children's Apperception Test (CAT) is a projective personality test for children ages 3-10 that involves showing them a series of picture cards depicting animals or people in familiar situations. The child's stories in response are analyzed to understand their personality, maturity level, and psychological health. Specifically, the CAT aims to reveal a child's reality testing abilities, drive regulation, defenses, conflicts, and autonomy. It was developed based on the Thematic Apperception Test for adults and older children, but uses animal figures instead of humans. The CAT takes 20-45 minutes to administer by a trained professional and involves encouraging children to tell stories about what is happening in each card and what might occur. There are no right or
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develop a systematic method of reasoning.
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Bender gestalt test
- 2. INTRODUCTION • Test to assess visual motor maturity and to screen for developmental disorders and to assess neurological damage. • It is to assess perceptual motor skills and neurological intactness.
- 3. Functions to assess • Visual maturity • Visual motor integrity • Style of responding • Reaction to frustration • Ability to correct mistakes • Planning and organisation skills
- 4. Drawbacks • Not applicable for severe visual impaired • Not applicable for patients with severe motor impairment. • Not used as diagnostic.
- 5. Procedure • Patient is given a card with 9 figures. • Total time for the test: 10 mins • 2 phases: »copy phase »Recall phase
- 6. Results • Angular difficulty: increased or omission of any angle. • Bizarre doodling : • Closing difficulty • Cohesion: part of the figure larger or smaller than the original figure. • Collision: crowding
- 7. RESULTS Contamination: Influence of previous figure in current figures Omission: Fails to adequately connect parts of figure. Overlapping Difficulty: Difficulty in drawing or simplifying or redrawing overlapping points.
- 8. RESULTS • Perseveration: Increasing or prolonging per unit • Fragment: Destroying part of figure • Impotence: Inaccurate and recognizes, makes unsuccessful attempts
- 9. RESULTS • Lack of coordination: Drawing rough lines • Line extension: Adding or extending a part of copied figure • Retrogression: Substituting primitive figures for original design