The fifth lecture in the module Particle Technology, delivered to second year students who have already studied basic fluid mechanics.
Filtration covers the modification of Darcys law to predictive filtration design equations as well as ones used for test data analysis. Examples of industrial equipment for filtration are included.
The fifth lecture in the module Particle Technology, delivered to second year students who have already studied basic fluid mechanics.
Filtration covers the modification of Darcys law to predictive filtration design equations as well as ones used for test data analysis. Examples of industrial equipment for filtration are included.
Equilibrium data and related information gathered from a liquid-liquid extraction laboratory “shake test” can provide information for process feasibility and column-type selection in the scaleup of liquid-liquid extraction processes
Most chemical engineers have had the experience of dealing with problematic separations, and most have a general understanding of distillation processes. When it comes to liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) processes (Figure 1), however, the details of how these processes work are often less clear. Most academic chemical engineering degree programs do not heavily emphasize liquid-liquid extraction, and most chemical engineering graduates did not receive more than a few days of instruction on generating equilibrium data for LLE in their degree programs.
Cell disruption is the process of obtaining intracellular fluid via methods that open the cell wall. The overall goal in cell disruption is to obtain the intracellular fluid without disrupting any of its components.
Unit processes* designed to
remove _________________________
remove __________ ___________
inactivate ____________
*Unit process: a process that is used in similar ways in many different applications
Unit Processes Designed to Remove Particulate Matter
Screening
Coagulation/flocculation
Sedimentation
Filtration
Equilibrium data and related information gathered from a liquid-liquid extraction laboratory “shake test” can provide information for process feasibility and column-type selection in the scaleup of liquid-liquid extraction processes
Most chemical engineers have had the experience of dealing with problematic separations, and most have a general understanding of distillation processes. When it comes to liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) processes (Figure 1), however, the details of how these processes work are often less clear. Most academic chemical engineering degree programs do not heavily emphasize liquid-liquid extraction, and most chemical engineering graduates did not receive more than a few days of instruction on generating equilibrium data for LLE in their degree programs.
Cell disruption is the process of obtaining intracellular fluid via methods that open the cell wall. The overall goal in cell disruption is to obtain the intracellular fluid without disrupting any of its components.
Unit processes* designed to
remove _________________________
remove __________ ___________
inactivate ____________
*Unit process: a process that is used in similar ways in many different applications
Unit Processes Designed to Remove Particulate Matter
Screening
Coagulation/flocculation
Sedimentation
Filtration
The topic is about beer production. How beer is produced that is highlited here.some good pictures are also presented here.How much ammount of the alcoholos are present that is also mentioned here.
PepsiCo is a major producer of carbonated soft drink, other beverage, and snack food. It is sold in stores and restaurant, retail outlet and through a vending machine. Its beverage division including Pepsi cola drink, water bottles, and markets several popular drinks
UNIT-III-POLLUTION FROM MAJOR INDUSTRIES.pptxSathishkumarM89
Sources, Characteristics, waste treatment flow from industries such as Textiles, pulp and paper mill wastes breweries and distilleries waste, Tanneries, Pharmaceuticals, Dairy, Sugar mill wastes, Steel plants, oil Refineries, fertilizer plant waste, petrochemical complex waste, corn starch industry waste –Odour and its removal-removal color from waste waters – Waste minimization and clean technologies
Ang Chong Yi Navigating Singaporean Flavors: A Journey from Cultural Heritage...Ang Chong Yi
In the heart of Singapore, where tradition meets modernity, He embarks on a culinary adventure that transcends borders. His mission? Ang Chong Yi Exploring the Cultural Heritage and Identity in Singaporean Cuisine. To explore the rich tapestry of flavours that define Singaporean cuisine while embracing innovative plant-based approaches. Join us as we follow his footsteps through bustling markets, hidden hawker stalls, and vibrant street corners.
At Taste Of Middle East, we believe that food is not just about satisfying hunger, it's about experiencing different cultures and traditions. Our restaurant concept is based on selecting famous dishes from Iran, Turkey, Afghanistan, and other Arabic countries to give our customers an authentic taste of the Middle East
Roti Bank Hyderabad: A Beacon of Hope and NourishmentRoti Bank
One of the top cities of India, Hyderabad is the capital of Telangana and home to some of the biggest companies. But the other aspect of the city is a huge chunk of population that is even deprived of the food and shelter. There are many people in Hyderabad that are not having access to
2. What is beer?
Beer can legally be defined as malt beverage
resulting from an alcoholic fermentation of the
aqueous extract of malted barley. Beer is an
alcoholic beverage produced by extracting raw
materials with water, boiling (usually with hops),
and fermenting.
3. Beer manufacturing process [flow diagram of
Thunderbolt]
Receiving of raw materials.
↓
Rice cooking
↓
Mashing
↓
Lautering
↓
Wort boiling
↓
Cooling
4. Addition of yeast in wort + Air
↓
Fermentation [ 5 days]
↓
Full chilling
↓
Maturation ← Addition of hops.
↓
Filtration
↓
Bottling
6. Beer processing in detail.
1.Receiving of raw materials -
Firstly, raw materials are received in industry, and we check
the quality parameters of the raw materials. If the parameters
are correct then it is suitable for processing and if the
parameters are wrong then it is rejected.
The raw materials are:
Rice flakes.
Malt + Roasted malt.
Sugar.
Hydro Hops.
Water.
Rise flakes.
Yeast.
7. 2.Rice cooking –
Rice grains are added manually in "Adjunct Kettle". Rice is
subjected to water and heat. The temperature is kept 60°c
and temperature is slowly increased up to 90°c.
Gelatinization – It is a process of breaking down the
intermolecular bond of starch molecules in the presence of
water and heat.
Starch contains two main components: amylase , amylo
pectin.
8. 3.Mashing.
Mashing is done in mast kettle. In kettle the malt and cooked
rice is mixed and boiled in different temperature in different
stages with 10-minute break. Temperature starts from 46°C
up to 77°C.
4.Lautering
It is the process of separating sweet wort from the grain bed.
Lautering usually consists of three steps: Mashout, recirculation and
sparging.
The temperature of lauter tun is (76-80°c).
9. 5.Wort boiling.
The objective of wort boiling are:
Enzyme inactivation
Wort sterilization
Protein coagulation
Hop extraction
Water evaporation
10. 6.Cooling
After wort boiling the temperature is brought cooling/
chilling is done quickly because it will help the protein in
the work clump together and settle out.
7.Fermentation
Fermentation- The process of conversion of starch or
sugar to alcohol is called fermentation. Fermentation
period of beer is 5 days. In the process of fermentation
there is a production of alcohol, CO2 and there is
generation of heat.
11. Fermentation [flow chart].
Brew house (wort (100°c) [sugar solution])
↓
UT – Uni -tank {yeast + aeration [5 days] [16°C] }
↓
Yeast
↓
Fermentation
↓
Chilling
↓
Maturation [2 days] + hydro hops+ yeast
↓
Filter [Hyflo , Celite]
↓
Bright Beer Tank
Capacity of Fermentation tank - 1500 HL (working) ,1875 HL (gross).
12. 8.Maturation
Maturation is done to remove harsh flavours from the raw alcohol.
Maturation is also known as aging.
9.Filtration
Now the beer is filtered because to give it polished, clear
appearance and helps to get stabilized beer. Turbidity of beer is
reduced. Turbidity provides the consumer's first visual impression of
beer quality.
13. Packaging
Flow diagram of packaging
Receiving of bottles
↓
Chain start
↓
Bottle washer
↓
Moisturizing unit
↓
EBI [Empty Bottle Inspection]
↓
Candlelight Inspection - I
↓
Bottle Fillers and Crowning
↓
FBI [Filled Bottle Inspection]
15. EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT
Industrial waste water treatment is the aqueous that results from
substances having been dissolved or suspended in water
typically during the use of water in an industrial manufacturing
process or the cleaning activities that take place along with that
process.
Bar Screen Chamber- A bar screen is a filter system
designed to remove objects such as plastics from waste
water. It is the first step in waste water treatment.
Equalization tank- All the waste water of industry from
different section comes in equalization tank. Waste water
treatment perform best when the following the flow rate and
pollutant loading are maintained at relatively consistant
levels.
16. Tube Settler- Tube settler is a system used for clarification. It
uses multiple tubular channels sloped at an angle 600 and
adjacent to each other. It capture the fine floc that escapes the
clarification zone beneath the tube.
BUFFER TANK- It is a tank where the pH of water is
maintained stable.
UASB REACTOR- The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket
reactor,is a form of anaerobic digester that is used for waste
water treatment. The UASB is a waste water treatment system
uses microorganism to biologically degrade pollutants. The
advantages of this system include the ability to keep large
amount of biomass intended for degradation and the production
of biomass.
i)Removal of organic substances.
ii) pH is between 6.3-7.8.
iii) High removal of organic pollutants.
iv) Release gas such as methane.
17. Aeration Tank- It is a tank where air is allowed to pass
through agitating mixture to make it aerobic. Air is added
into the water to encourage microbial growth. Aeration
provides oxygen to bacteria for treating and stabilizing
the waste water. Oxygen is needed by the bacteria to
allow biodegradation to occur. The supplied oxygen is
utilized by bacteria in waste water to break down the
organic matter containing carbon to form cabondioxide
and water.
Secondary clarifier- Secondary clarifier are used to
remove the setlable suspended solids created in
biological treatment process.
Separate the activated sludge solids from mixed liquor.
Drying Bed- Simplest method of dewatering.
Sand Filter- These filter are designed to remove the
suspended particles present in the feed water.
.
18. •Carbon Filter- It removes chlorine from waste water and also
removes smell from treated water.
•Purified water- Purified water is water that has been filtered or
processed to remove impurities like chemicals and other
contaminants.