2. What is E-Commerce?
Ecommerce, short for electronic commerce, is the
buying and selling of goods or services online. It
involves conducting commercial transactions through
websites, mobile apps, or other online marketplaces.
Ecommerce enables businesses to reach a global
audience, streamline operations, and provide
customers with convenient online shopping
experiences.
You can use ecommerce channels such as your own
website, an established selling website like Amazon,
or social media to drive online sales.
3. Introduction to E-Commerce:
E-Commerce is the cutting edge technology for
business today,. This technology is being used not
only for online shopping but it is related to web
shopping. Online shopping is a very small part of e-
commerce as e-commerce have a very wide range in
day to day life. The term electronic commerce refers
to online stock, bond transactions, buying &
downloading software without ever going to store. E-
commerce includes business to business connections
that makes purchasing easier for a big corporation.
According to WTO(world trade organization), the
term e-commerce is understood to mean the
production, distribution, marketing, sales, delivery of
goods and services by e-mails.
4. Uses of E-Commerce:
E-commerce means advertising, selling & supporting
products and services using a web store (24/7) round the
clock for customer world wide. The web store works while
even you are asleep, it is not even politically or
geographically restricted. Hence, e-commerce can be
described as the new economic strategy.
• Buying of product.
• Selling of product.
• Advertising the product.
• Making financial transactions.
• Gifting a product.
• Developing business.
• Need not to have a physical store.
5. Need of E-Commerce:
The need of e-commerce stems from the demand
within and government to make better use of
computing and do better application to improve
customer interaction, business process and information
exchange within an enterprise and across an
enterprise.
6. E-Business:-
It is a short form of electronic business and refers to
conduct business activities using the internet and other
electronic means. It includes online retail, online
marketing, electronic payments, customer support and
many more. E-business is becoming important in the
digital age, enabling companies to reach the global
audience, stream line operations and offer products
and services online. E-business became wide spread
within companies in the form of electronic messaging
technologies, Where EDI (electronic data interchange)
and E-mails are the basic route.
7. Advantages of E-commerce:
i. E-commerce offers both, short term and long term
benefits to a company.
ii. It not only opens new market but also enables you to
reach new customers.
iii.Interacts the customers directly as it is easier and faster
communication for doing business.
iv. Helps us in practicing business successfully like ordering,
invoicing and customer support.
v. It is a network based system and reduces a lot of paper
work involving in business to business transaction.
vi. Digital marketing can focus great on the customer need.
vii.It helps in tracking customer satisfaction by requesting
customer feedback.
8. Disadvantages of E-commerce:-
i. Guarantee issue: E-commerce business do not ensure
the guarantee and warrantee of online products, so
some customer may receive faulty products.
ii. Lack of personal touch: Doesn’t allow you to touch and
feel the product, so customer might not be satisfied.
iii.Security issue: Online shopping posses threats that
could lead to customer losing essential credentials “why
shopping online?”
iv. Non-negotiable: Online shopping does not provide
customer with the facility to negotiate upon the prices.
v. Unable to try before buying product: Customer can not
try out certain products like, clothes, shoes. So it can
lead to customer dissatisfaction.
9. E-commerce Vs. E-business:
Basis E-commerce E-business
Meaning
It refers to performing online
commercial transactions and
activities over the internet.
It refers to performing every
type of business activity
through the internet.
Scope
It is a narrow concept and is a
subset of e-business.
It is a broad concept and is a
superset of e-commerce.
Transaction
Commercial transactions are
carried out in e-commerce.
Business transactions are
carried out in e-business.
Limitation
E-commerce transactions are
limited.
E-business transactions are
not limited.
Activities
It includes selling and buying
products, making monetary
transactions, etc., over the
internet.
It includes customer
education, supply activities,
monetary transactions over
the internet.
10. E-commerce business models:
E-commerce business models can generally be
categorized into the following categories-
• Business - to - Business (B2B)
• Business - to - Consumer (B2C)
• Consumer - to - Consumer (C2C)
• Consumer - to - Business (C2B)
• Business - to - Government (B2G)
• Government - to - Business (G2B)
• Government - to - Citizen (G2C)
11. 1.Business - to - Business
A website following the B2B business model sells its
products to an intermediate buyer who then sells
the product to the final customer.
• Example, a wholesaler places an order from a
company's website and after receiving the
consignment, sells the end product.
12. 2.Business - to - Consumer
A website following the B2C business model sells its
products directly to a customer. A customer can view
the products shown on the website. The customer
can choose a product and order the same.
• The website will then send a notification to the
business organization via email and the
organization will dispatch the product/goods to
the customer.
13. 3.Consumer - to - Consumer
A website following the C2C business model helps
consumers to sell their assets like residential
property, cars, motorcycles, etc., or rent a room by
publishing their information on the website.
Website may or may not charge the consumer for
its services.
14. 4.Consumer - to - Business
A consumer approaches a website showing multiple
business organizations for a particular service. The
consumer places an estimate of amount he/she wants to
spend for a particular service. For example, the
comparison of interest rates of personal loan/car loan
provided by various banks via websites. A business
organization who fulfills the consumer's requirement
within the specified budget.
15. E-Commerce - Payment Systems
E-commerce sites use electronic payment, where
electronic payment refers to paperless monetary
transactions. Electronic payment has revolutionized the
business processing by reducing the paperwork,
transaction costs, and labor cost. Being user friendly
and less time-consuming than manual processing, it
helps business organization to expand its market
reach/expansion. Listed below are some of the modes
of electronic payments −
• Credit Card
• Debit Card
• Smart Card
• E-Money
16. Credit Card
Payment using credit card is one of most common mode
of electronic payment. Credit card is small plastic card
with a unique number attached with an account. It has
also a magnetic strip embedded in it which is used to
read credit card via card readers. When a customer
purchases a product via credit card, credit card issuer
bank pays on behalf of the customer and customer has
a certain time period after which he/she can pay the
credit card bill. It is usually credit card monthly
payment cycle.
17. Debit Card
Debit card, like credit card, is a small plastic card with a
unique number mapped with the bank account number.
It is required to have a bank account before getting a
debit card from the bank. The major difference between
a debit card and a credit card is that in case of payment
through debit card, the amount gets deducted from the
card's bank account immediately and there should be
sufficient balance in the bank account for the
transaction to get completed; whereas in case of a
credit card transaction, there is no such compulsion.
Debit cards free the customer to carry cash and
cheque. Even merchants accept a debit card readily.
Having a restriction on the amount that can be withdrawn
in a day using a debit card helps the customer to keep a
check on his/her spending.
18. E-core values:
E-core values for e-commerce companies are customer
focus, innovation, integrity, collaboration, respect, quality,
excellence. Customer focus is a key value and a priority in
order to ensure customer satisfaction and loyalty.
19. Ethics in e-core value:
• Ethics involves systematizing, defending, and
recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior.
• Ethical theories often are classified into one of three
categories:
• Met ethics: Where do our ethical principles come from
and what do they mean?" Are they merely social
inventions? Questions include are there universal
truths, do they come from God, and what is the role of
reason?
• Normative ethics: Derived from social norms of
behavior. We do the right thing because society has
certain constructed rules about how we should behave
• Applied ethics: involves examining specific
controversial issues where people are evenly divided.
20. International issue in e-core value:
• What right does any one country have to determine the
materials that should be available on the Internet?
• Can a country regulate an entity in cyberspace, but not
on the soil of that country?
• World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
succeeded in two treaties to adapt copyright rules for e-
commerce.
• EU's Electronic Commerce Directive gave online business
firms assurance, in 2000, that the firms would have to
comply with laws only where the firms are based, not in
any other country in the union
21. Taxation issues in e-core value:
■Issue of taxation of e-commerce sales illustrates
complexity of governance and jurisdiction issues.
■ National and international character of Internet sales
wreaking havoc on traditional taxation schemes in U.S.
based on local commerce and local jurisdictions
■ December 2004: Congress extended tax moratorium on
"multiple or discriminatory taxes on electronic commerce"
until November 2007.
■ Unlikely that comprehensive, integrated rational
approach to taxation issue will be determined for some
time to come.
22. E-Commerce - Security Systems
Security is an essential part of any transaction that
takes place over the internet. Customers will lose
his/her faith in e-business if its security is compromised.
Following are the essential requirements for safe e-
payments/transactions −
• Confidentiality.
• Integrity.
• Availability.
• Authenticity.
• Non-Reputability.
• Encryption.
• Auditability.
23. • Confidentiality − Information should not be
accessible to an unauthorized person. It should not be
intercepted during the transmission.
• Integrity − Information should not be altered during
its transmission over the network.
• Availability − Information should be available
wherever and whenever required within a time limit
specified.
• Authenticity − There should be a mechanism to
authenticate a user before giving him/her an access
to the required information.
• Encryption − Information should be encrypted and
decrypted only by an authorized user.
• Auditability − Data should be recorded in such a way
that it can be audited for integrity requirements.
24. What Is Website Planning?
Website planning is an essential initial step in the website
development process. It involves strategic thinking and
documentation to determine the type and specifics of the
website that a business intends to build. This includes
defining the goals of the website, and the reasons why it
is being developed. By planning out these important
details, a business can ensure that its website meets its
specific needs and is optimized for success.
25. The Importance of Website Planning
• Save Time and Money- A well-planned website structure
minimizes the chance of additional fees, allowing the team
to work smoothly without constant consultation. However, a
loose guide can lead to expensive additions and a messy,
prolonged website development process.
• Alleviate Many Design Issues- Design is crucial in web
projects and should be executed with knowledge of the end
product, including content, goals, and functions. Without
prior website planning, the design team may be confused
about the overall purpose.
• Provide Better Results- with detailed website planning, you
can achieve your business goals with better results. For
instance, if you need quality leads, a comprehensive
website planning and design guide can help create a
website that appeals to customers, increases time-on-site,
and boosts conversion rates.
