This document provides an introduction to basic geometry concepts including: 1. Points, lines, line segments, rays, and their definitions. 2. Collinear and non-collinear points and examples of each. 3. Measuring and drawing line segments with rulers and compasses. 4. Definitions of angles, their types including acute, right, obtuse, straight and reflex angles. Interior, exterior and points on angles are also defined.

1. BASIC GEOMETRY
Std 5
An introduction to point, lines, plane and angles.

2. POINT
A small dot is called a point.
Point R R
It is named using capital letters.

3. LINE SEGMENT
• A line segment has two end points.
• A line segment is a part of a line.
Line segment RS
R S

4. RAY
• A ray has 1 end point and extends indefinitely at the other end
Ray AB -
A B

5. LINE
• A line has no end points
• It extends indefinitely on both sides.
Line XY –
X Y

6. COLLINEAR AND NON COLLINEAR POINTS
• Three or more points lying on the same line are said to be Collinear.
• Example Point A, Point B, Point C.
A B C
• Three or more points which do not lie on the same line are said to be Non-collinear.
Example Point X, Point Y, Point Z.
X
Y Z

7. MEASURING A LINE SEGMENT-WITH
A RULER

8. MEASURING A LINE SEGMENT-WITH
A DIVIDER OR COMPASS

9. DRAWING A LINE SEGMENT –WITH A
RULER

10. DRAWING A LINE SEGMENT –WITH A
COMPASS

11. TYPES OF LINES

12. ANGLE
• An angle is formed when two rays have a common end point.
• This angle is called angle RPQ or angle QPR or only angle P.
P Vertex
Angle
Arm
R Q

13. TYPES OF ANGLES
NAME MEANING FIGURE
1. ZERO ANGLE An angle which measures
zero is called a zero angle.
2. ACUTE ANGLE An angle whose measure is
less than 900
3. RIGHT ANGLE An angle which measures 900
is called a right angle.
4. OBTUSE ANGLE An angle whose measure is
more than 900 and less than
1800
is an obtuse angle.

14. TYPES OF ANGLES
NAME MEANING FIGURE
5. STRAIGHT ANGLE A straight angle measures 1800
6. REFLEX ANGLE An angle whose measure is more than 1800
and less than 3600 is a reflex angle.
7. COMPLETE ANGLE Angle measuring 3600 is a complete angle.

15. Points inside the mouth of an
angle are interior points.
Points outside the mouth of an
angle are exterior points.
Points on the arm of an angle are
called points on the angle.
INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR
OF AN ANGLE

16. SIZE OF AN ANGLE
• The size of an angle is measured by the amount of
turn or rotation of two arms and how by how long
the arms appear.
• Hence A > B , D > F , G < F and so on.

17. MATH FACT
FROM INDIA