Base Isolation of Structure.
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BASE ISOLATION SYSTEM
This document discusses seismic retrofitting and base isolation systems. It defines seismic retrofitting as modifying existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity. The most widely used retrofitting method is base isolation, which involves inserting rubber or similar isolators between a building's foundation and superstructure. This allows for slight lateral movement during an earthquake to increase the building's natural period and reduce seismic forces. There are two main types of base isolators: sliding systems and elastometric isolators, with lead rubber bearings being a common elastometric isolator that uses lead plugs to dissipate energy and limit displacement. Base isolation has been used worldwide to reinforce historical structures and reduce earthquake damage to buildings and artifacts.
Simple Presentation Of BASE ISOLATION
This document discusses base isolation as a means of protecting structures from earthquake forces. It describes different types of base isolators like elastomeric rubber bearings and friction pendulum systems. The most common configuration is to install isolators immediately above a diaphragm. While base isolation provides advantages like protecting structures and concentrating damage, it also has disadvantages such as being inefficient for tall buildings and requiring skilled labor.
Base isolation for Engineers
Base isolation is an earthquake protection system that involves installing seismic isolation bearings between a structure's foundation and superstructure. This significantly increases the natural period of the structure and adds damping, reducing the seismic response. Common base isolation bearings include elastomeric isolators and sliding isolators. Two examples given are the historic Oakland City Hall and San Francisco City Hall, which were retrofitted with base isolation systems after being damaged in the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. This helped preserve their historic integrity while improving seismic performance.
Buildings with base isolation techniques pic
This seminar report discusses base isolation, which involves installing flexible material between a structure's foundation and superstructure to reduce seismic forces. Base isolation works by lowering the magnitude and frequency of seismic shocks entering the building. It provides both spring-like and energy-absorbing characteristics. Isolated structures experience much smaller forces and movements compared to conventional structures during earthquakes. Common base isolation devices include laminated rubber bearings and lead-rubber bearings. Base isolation is advantageous as it requires minimal maintenance and results in more durable structures, though it is more costly and not suitable for all building types. The report provides examples of large base-isolated structures built worldwide.
Base isolation techniques-Earthquake Engineering
The document discusses base isolation techniques for earthquake-resistant building design. Base isolation involves separating the structure from its foundation using a suspension system to reduce seismic demand on the building. There are several types of base isolation devices that provide flexibility, damping and resistance to vertical loads, including elastomeric bearings, lead rubber bearings, and flat or curved slider bearings. Elastomeric bearings use layers of rubber between steel plates to support vertical loads while allowing flexibility under lateral earthquake forces.
Base isolation topic as per jntu syllabus for m.tech 1st year structures
Base isolation is a seismic protection system that places flexible bearings between a structure and its foundation. During an earthquake, the bearings allow the structure to move independently from the shaking ground, isolating it from seismic forces. Common base isolation bearings include elastomeric bearings and lead-rubber bearings, which are stiff vertically but flexible horizontally. Base isolation is effective because it lengthens a structure's period of vibration, reducing the accelerations and forces experienced, and protects both the structure and its contents from earthquake damage.
Base isolation and its Application By Mukesh Singh Ghuraiya
This document discusses base isolation systems and their applications for earthquake resistance. It defines base isolation as detaching a building from the ground to reduce transmitted earthquake motions. Common base isolation systems use devices like rubber bearings, steel dampers, and friction dampers placed between the foundation and structure. Base isolation provides safety, property preservation, and effective protection for stiff structures. Examples given of buildings using base isolation include Oakland City Hall, the Foothill Communities Law & Justice Center, and San Francisco City Hall. The document recommends base isolation for important structures like government offices, hospitals, schools, and cultural sites.
Base isolation
Base isolation is a seismic protection system that separates a structure from its foundation, allowing the structure to remain largely motionless during an earthquake by absorbing shock through devices like friction pendulums and elastomeric bearings. There are various types of base isolators including low-damping rubber bearings, lead-rubber bearings, and sliding systems. Base isolation is most suitable for low to medium-rise buildings founded on firm soil, as it reduces seismic forces and prevents damage by permitting the ground and structure to move independently.
Recommended
BASE ISOLATION SYSTEM
This document discusses seismic retrofitting and base isolation systems. It defines seismic retrofitting as modifying existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity. The most widely used retrofitting method is base isolation, which involves inserting rubber or similar isolators between a building's foundation and superstructure. This allows for slight lateral movement during an earthquake to increase the building's natural period and reduce seismic forces. There are two main types of base isolators: sliding systems and elastometric isolators, with lead rubber bearings being a common elastometric isolator that uses lead plugs to dissipate energy and limit displacement. Base isolation has been used worldwide to reinforce historical structures and reduce earthquake damage to buildings and artifacts.
Simple Presentation Of BASE ISOLATION
This document discusses base isolation as a means of protecting structures from earthquake forces. It describes different types of base isolators like elastomeric rubber bearings and friction pendulum systems. The most common configuration is to install isolators immediately above a diaphragm. While base isolation provides advantages like protecting structures and concentrating damage, it also has disadvantages such as being inefficient for tall buildings and requiring skilled labor.
Base isolation for Engineers
Base isolation is an earthquake protection system that involves installing seismic isolation bearings between a structure's foundation and superstructure. This significantly increases the natural period of the structure and adds damping, reducing the seismic response. Common base isolation bearings include elastomeric isolators and sliding isolators. Two examples given are the historic Oakland City Hall and San Francisco City Hall, which were retrofitted with base isolation systems after being damaged in the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. This helped preserve their historic integrity while improving seismic performance.
Buildings with base isolation techniques pic
This seminar report discusses base isolation, which involves installing flexible material between a structure's foundation and superstructure to reduce seismic forces. Base isolation works by lowering the magnitude and frequency of seismic shocks entering the building. It provides both spring-like and energy-absorbing characteristics. Isolated structures experience much smaller forces and movements compared to conventional structures during earthquakes. Common base isolation devices include laminated rubber bearings and lead-rubber bearings. Base isolation is advantageous as it requires minimal maintenance and results in more durable structures, though it is more costly and not suitable for all building types. The report provides examples of large base-isolated structures built worldwide.
Base isolation techniques-Earthquake Engineering
The document discusses base isolation techniques for earthquake-resistant building design. Base isolation involves separating the structure from its foundation using a suspension system to reduce seismic demand on the building. There are several types of base isolation devices that provide flexibility, damping and resistance to vertical loads, including elastomeric bearings, lead rubber bearings, and flat or curved slider bearings. Elastomeric bearings use layers of rubber between steel plates to support vertical loads while allowing flexibility under lateral earthquake forces.
Base isolation topic as per jntu syllabus for m.tech 1st year structures
Base isolation is a seismic protection system that places flexible bearings between a structure and its foundation. During an earthquake, the bearings allow the structure to move independently from the shaking ground, isolating it from seismic forces. Common base isolation bearings include elastomeric bearings and lead-rubber bearings, which are stiff vertically but flexible horizontally. Base isolation is effective because it lengthens a structure's period of vibration, reducing the accelerations and forces experienced, and protects both the structure and its contents from earthquake damage.
Base isolation and its Application By Mukesh Singh Ghuraiya
This document discusses base isolation systems and their applications for earthquake resistance. It defines base isolation as detaching a building from the ground to reduce transmitted earthquake motions. Common base isolation systems use devices like rubber bearings, steel dampers, and friction dampers placed between the foundation and structure. Base isolation provides safety, property preservation, and effective protection for stiff structures. Examples given of buildings using base isolation include Oakland City Hall, the Foothill Communities Law & Justice Center, and San Francisco City Hall. The document recommends base isolation for important structures like government offices, hospitals, schools, and cultural sites.
Base isolation
Base isolation is a seismic protection system that separates a structure from its foundation, allowing the structure to remain largely motionless during an earthquake by absorbing shock through devices like friction pendulums and elastomeric bearings. There are various types of base isolators including low-damping rubber bearings, lead-rubber bearings, and sliding systems. Base isolation is most suitable for low to medium-rise buildings founded on firm soil, as it reduces seismic forces and prevents damage by permitting the ground and structure to move independently.
Base isolation
Base isolation system consists of isolation units with or without isolation components, where: Isolation units are the basic elements of a base isolation system which are intended to provide the aforementioned decoupling effect to a building or non-building structure. Isolation components are the ...
base isolation systems
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Shear Wall
This document is a project report on the design of a shear wall using STAAD Pro software. It includes an introduction to shear walls, which are vertical structural elements that resist lateral loads like wind and earthquakes. The report discusses the purpose, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of shear walls. It also describes the different types of shear walls and their behavior under loads. The design procedure for shear walls in STAAD Pro and as per reference codes is explained. The conclusion summarizes that shear walls provide strength and stiffness to resist lateral loads in buildings.
Base isolation Engineering
This document discusses base isolation as a seismic protection system for buildings. It defines base isolation as reducing the interaction between a structure and the ground by incorporating seismic isolation at the base. It describes the principles of base isolation, including allowing the ground to move without transmitting motions to the structure. It also outlines different isolation components like elastomeric isolators and sliding isolators. Examples of base isolation being used in real buildings in India are provided. The document concludes that base isolation is a reliable earthquake resistant design method when properly planned and developed isolation systems are used.
Earthquake and earthquake resistant design
This document discusses various earthquake-resistant features used in building design including:
1) Using beams as ductile weak links rather than columns through strong-column weak-beam design.
2) Improving masonry wall behavior by controlling wall dimensions and heights, ensuring proper construction and bonding, and adding horizontal reinforcement.
3) Using shear walls in reinforced concrete buildings to provide strength and stiffness throughout the building height.
Base isolation case study PDF
This document provides an overview of base isolation, which is a seismic protection system that mitigates earthquake damage by isolating structures from ground motions. It discusses the concepts of base isolation, including introducing flexibility to reduce transmitted forces. Common isolation components like elastomeric and lead-rubber bearings are described. The document also covers principles, suitability, differences between isolated and fixed structures, and real-world applications of base isolation in over 1000 buildings worldwide.
Microsoft Word - BASE ISOLATION
This document provides a summary of base isolation as a seismic retrofitting technique. It defines base isolation as decoupling a structure from its foundation to protect it during earthquakes. It describes different types of base isolators using materials like rubber, lead and steel. Advantages include reducing structural damage, secondary damage, and maintenance costs. Disadvantages include challenges implementing for tall buildings. Examples of base isolated structures worldwide and in India are given. The document concludes with suggestions for government initiatives to develop this technology in India.
Base isolation.ppt [Autosaved] [Autosaved]
This document introduces base isolation as a seismic retrofitting technique. It defines base isolation as decoupling a structure's superstructure from its substructure using structural elements. The document discusses the principle of base isolation, which is to isolate the structure from ground movement. It compares base isolation to other retrofitting techniques, noting advantages such as reduced structural damage and maintenance costs. The document also outlines different base isolation systems using elastomeric bearings and sliding systems. Examples of base isolation projects and companies utilizing the technique are provided. The document suggests government initiatives and training to develop base isolation in India.
Earthquake Resistant Designs
The document discusses the structure of the Earth and the causes of earthquakes. It describes the three main layers of the Earth - crust, mantle, and core. It explains that earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates at divergent, convergent, and transform plate boundaries. The document also summarizes methods of earthquake-resistant design, including base isolation devices that separate buildings from the ground and seismic dampers that absorb seismic energy. It notes that while base isolation can be used for existing structures, seismic dampers are more expensive to install. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of earthquake-resistant construction and quality control to ensure public safety.
Earthquake resistant structure
hie guys
Its a small presentation on Earthquake Resistant Structures
some basic fundamentals about its causes its effect and few techniques to resist it..
Earthquake Resistance planning
The document provides an overview of seismology and earthquake-resistant building planning. It discusses key topics such as:
1) Seismology is defined as the science of earthquakes and elastic waves.
2) The internal structure of the Earth consists of a crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. Convective currents in the mantle cause tectonic plates to move.
3) Earthquakes are caused by the buildup and sudden release of stresses along fault lines within the Earth. Different types of boundaries exist between tectonic plates.
4) Important considerations for making buildings earthquake resistant include having a regular configuration, ductile elements, quality control measures, and potentially using base isolation
SHEAR WALL
This document discusses techniques for earthquake resistance, focusing on shear walls. Shear walls are very effective at resisting earthquake forces if properly designed. They have performed well in past earthquakes, reducing damage to both structural and non-structural elements. Shear wall buildings are commonly used in earthquake-prone areas because they are straightforward to construct and can lower construction costs while minimizing earthquake damage.
Dampers
Dampers are mechanical systems that dissipate earthquake energy by deforming or yielding. They absorb seismic energy, reducing forces on structures and controlling building oscillations. Common types include hydraulic dampers using fluid flow, electro-rheological fluid dampers using variable viscosity fluids, metallic dampers using hysteretic behavior of metals, steel dampers using frame deformation, and friction dampers using clamped friction surfaces. Shape memory alloys also dissipate energy through large strain recovery without damage. Dampers direct earthquake energy to dissipating devices within structures, transforming mechanical energy into heat.
MODAL AND RESPONSE SPECTRUM (IS 18932002) ANALYSIS 0F R.C FRAME BUILDING (IT ...
This document discusses modeling a reinforced concrete frame building for seismic analysis. It describes modeling the building using frame elements in SAP 2000. Key elements include:
- Modeling beams and columns as frame elements
- Considering the building's diaphragm, which can be rigid, semi-rigid, or flexible
- Performing modal analysis to determine the building's vibration modes and periods
- Conducting response spectrum analysis and comparing results to the equivalent lateral force method
Earthquake reistant structures
The document discusses earthquake resistant structures and techniques. It provides an introduction and table of contents on the topic. Key points include how seismic effects like inertia forces impact structures, how architectural features affect buildings during earthquakes, and seismic design philosophies like allowing minor damage in minor quakes but preventing collapse in major quakes. Techniques discussed are use of shear walls, vertical reinforcement, base isolation, energy dissipation devices, and designs to keep buildings upright during shaking.
Shear walls
Shear walls are preferred in seismic regions because they are very effective at resisting lateral forces during earthquakes. Shear walls are vertical structural elements designed to transfer seismic forces throughout the height of the building. They provide large strength, high stiffness, and ductility. Shear wall buildings have performed much better during past earthquakes compared to reinforced concrete frame buildings. Some key advantages of shear walls include good earthquake resistance when designed properly, easy construction, reduced construction costs, and minimized damage to structural and non-structural elements during seismic events.
Earthquake Resistant Building Construction
A Short description about Earthquake,its causes & how to minimise it..
While Earthquake are inevitable, each Earthquake do not need to convert into a Disaster, as what come in between is "The Culture of Safety And Prevention". Let us work together to build a "Culture of Prevention"!
.
.
.
Thank you all!
Earthquake Resistant Structure (Seismic Analysis)
Dhruvin Goyani
M.Tech Structural
This PPT is For All the Civil Engineering Students and Specially for M.tech Students Who Trying To Learn Something New on Earthquake and its Resisting Methods and also For Seismic Analysis
Earthquake Resistant Building - Base Isolation Technique
It gives a complete idea of concept, design and construction detail of Base Isolation Technique which is used for making the buildings earthquake resistant to a much greater extent.
structure control system
This document discusses structure control systems used to protect structures from vibrations during earthquakes or strong winds. It describes traditional seismic design approaches and modern structural control methods. Structural control systems can be passive, active, semi-active, or hybrid. Passive systems like base isolation and dampers dissipate energy without external power. Active systems precisely control structural response using external actuation, while semi-active systems adjust properties using small power inputs. The document provides examples of different control devices and their operating principles.
Construction of earthquake resistance building by shaswat das
This document is a project report on designing earthquake resistant buildings. It discusses the causes of earthquakes and factors that affect how buildings settle during earthquakes. It then describes methods for designing seismic resistant buildings, such as using square shapes, horizontal bands, light construction materials, and strong foundations. Finally, it discusses two major methods to reduce earthquake effects: base isolation and energy dissipation. The overall goal is for civil engineers to safeguard structures from earthquakes through resistant design philosophies and modern techniques.
Base isolation and damping
This document provides an overview of modern earthquake resistance techniques, focusing on base isolation and seismic dampers. It discusses how base isolation works to isolate the superstructure from ground motion using elastomeric or sliding bearings, increasing the structure's period and reducing response. Seismic dampers also help control seismic damage by absorbing some of the energy through viscous, tuned mass, or friction damping. The document outlines examples of these techniques used successfully in various buildings worldwide.
Seismic Retrofitting Techniques & Rehabilitation
Seismic retrofitting is a collection mitigation technique for earthquake engineering.
It is the modification of existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity, ground motion, or soil failure due to earthquake.
It is of utmost important for historic monuments, areas prone to severe earthquakes and tall or
expensive structures.
The retrofitting techniques are also applicable for other natural hazards such as tropical cyclones, tornadoes and severe winds from thunderstorms.
Retrofitting proves to be a better economic consideration and immediate shelter to problems
rather than replacement of building.
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This document is a project report on the design of a shear wall using STAAD Pro software. It includes an introduction to shear walls, which are vertical structural elements that resist lateral loads like wind and earthquakes. The report discusses the purpose, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of shear walls. It also describes the different types of shear walls and their behavior under loads. The design procedure for shear walls in STAAD Pro and as per reference codes is explained. The conclusion summarizes that shear walls provide strength and stiffness to resist lateral loads in buildings.
Base isolation Engineering
This document discusses base isolation as a seismic protection system for buildings. It defines base isolation as reducing the interaction between a structure and the ground by incorporating seismic isolation at the base. It describes the principles of base isolation, including allowing the ground to move without transmitting motions to the structure. It also outlines different isolation components like elastomeric isolators and sliding isolators. Examples of base isolation being used in real buildings in India are provided. The document concludes that base isolation is a reliable earthquake resistant design method when properly planned and developed isolation systems are used.
Earthquake and earthquake resistant design
This document discusses various earthquake-resistant features used in building design including:
1) Using beams as ductile weak links rather than columns through strong-column weak-beam design.
2) Improving masonry wall behavior by controlling wall dimensions and heights, ensuring proper construction and bonding, and adding horizontal reinforcement.
3) Using shear walls in reinforced concrete buildings to provide strength and stiffness throughout the building height.
Base isolation case study PDF
This document provides an overview of base isolation, which is a seismic protection system that mitigates earthquake damage by isolating structures from ground motions. It discusses the concepts of base isolation, including introducing flexibility to reduce transmitted forces. Common isolation components like elastomeric and lead-rubber bearings are described. The document also covers principles, suitability, differences between isolated and fixed structures, and real-world applications of base isolation in over 1000 buildings worldwide.
Microsoft Word - BASE ISOLATION
This document provides a summary of base isolation as a seismic retrofitting technique. It defines base isolation as decoupling a structure from its foundation to protect it during earthquakes. It describes different types of base isolators using materials like rubber, lead and steel. Advantages include reducing structural damage, secondary damage, and maintenance costs. Disadvantages include challenges implementing for tall buildings. Examples of base isolated structures worldwide and in India are given. The document concludes with suggestions for government initiatives to develop this technology in India.
Base isolation.ppt [Autosaved] [Autosaved]
This document introduces base isolation as a seismic retrofitting technique. It defines base isolation as decoupling a structure's superstructure from its substructure using structural elements. The document discusses the principle of base isolation, which is to isolate the structure from ground movement. It compares base isolation to other retrofitting techniques, noting advantages such as reduced structural damage and maintenance costs. The document also outlines different base isolation systems using elastomeric bearings and sliding systems. Examples of base isolation projects and companies utilizing the technique are provided. The document suggests government initiatives and training to develop base isolation in India.
Earthquake Resistant Designs
The document discusses the structure of the Earth and the causes of earthquakes. It describes the three main layers of the Earth - crust, mantle, and core. It explains that earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates at divergent, convergent, and transform plate boundaries. The document also summarizes methods of earthquake-resistant design, including base isolation devices that separate buildings from the ground and seismic dampers that absorb seismic energy. It notes that while base isolation can be used for existing structures, seismic dampers are more expensive to install. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of earthquake-resistant construction and quality control to ensure public safety.
Earthquake resistant structure
hie guys
Its a small presentation on Earthquake Resistant Structures
some basic fundamentals about its causes its effect and few techniques to resist it..
Earthquake Resistance planning
The document provides an overview of seismology and earthquake-resistant building planning. It discusses key topics such as:
1) Seismology is defined as the science of earthquakes and elastic waves.
2) The internal structure of the Earth consists of a crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. Convective currents in the mantle cause tectonic plates to move.
3) Earthquakes are caused by the buildup and sudden release of stresses along fault lines within the Earth. Different types of boundaries exist between tectonic plates.
4) Important considerations for making buildings earthquake resistant include having a regular configuration, ductile elements, quality control measures, and potentially using base isolation
SHEAR WALL
This document discusses techniques for earthquake resistance, focusing on shear walls. Shear walls are very effective at resisting earthquake forces if properly designed. They have performed well in past earthquakes, reducing damage to both structural and non-structural elements. Shear wall buildings are commonly used in earthquake-prone areas because they are straightforward to construct and can lower construction costs while minimizing earthquake damage.
Dampers
Dampers are mechanical systems that dissipate earthquake energy by deforming or yielding. They absorb seismic energy, reducing forces on structures and controlling building oscillations. Common types include hydraulic dampers using fluid flow, electro-rheological fluid dampers using variable viscosity fluids, metallic dampers using hysteretic behavior of metals, steel dampers using frame deformation, and friction dampers using clamped friction surfaces. Shape memory alloys also dissipate energy through large strain recovery without damage. Dampers direct earthquake energy to dissipating devices within structures, transforming mechanical energy into heat.
MODAL AND RESPONSE SPECTRUM (IS 18932002) ANALYSIS 0F R.C FRAME BUILDING (IT ...
This document discusses modeling a reinforced concrete frame building for seismic analysis. It describes modeling the building using frame elements in SAP 2000. Key elements include:
- Modeling beams and columns as frame elements
- Considering the building's diaphragm, which can be rigid, semi-rigid, or flexible
- Performing modal analysis to determine the building's vibration modes and periods
- Conducting response spectrum analysis and comparing results to the equivalent lateral force method
Earthquake reistant structures
The document discusses earthquake resistant structures and techniques. It provides an introduction and table of contents on the topic. Key points include how seismic effects like inertia forces impact structures, how architectural features affect buildings during earthquakes, and seismic design philosophies like allowing minor damage in minor quakes but preventing collapse in major quakes. Techniques discussed are use of shear walls, vertical reinforcement, base isolation, energy dissipation devices, and designs to keep buildings upright during shaking.
Shear walls
Shear walls are preferred in seismic regions because they are very effective at resisting lateral forces during earthquakes. Shear walls are vertical structural elements designed to transfer seismic forces throughout the height of the building. They provide large strength, high stiffness, and ductility. Shear wall buildings have performed much better during past earthquakes compared to reinforced concrete frame buildings. Some key advantages of shear walls include good earthquake resistance when designed properly, easy construction, reduced construction costs, and minimized damage to structural and non-structural elements during seismic events.
Earthquake Resistant Building Construction
A Short description about Earthquake,its causes & how to minimise it..
While Earthquake are inevitable, each Earthquake do not need to convert into a Disaster, as what come in between is "The Culture of Safety And Prevention". Let us work together to build a "Culture of Prevention"!
.
.
.
Thank you all!
Earthquake Resistant Structure (Seismic Analysis)
Dhruvin Goyani
M.Tech Structural
This PPT is For All the Civil Engineering Students and Specially for M.tech Students Who Trying To Learn Something New on Earthquake and its Resisting Methods and also For Seismic Analysis
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structure control system
This document discusses structure control systems used to protect structures from vibrations during earthquakes or strong winds. It describes traditional seismic design approaches and modern structural control methods. Structural control systems can be passive, active, semi-active, or hybrid. Passive systems like base isolation and dampers dissipate energy without external power. Active systems precisely control structural response using external actuation, while semi-active systems adjust properties using small power inputs. The document provides examples of different control devices and their operating principles.
Construction of earthquake resistance building by shaswat das
This document is a project report on designing earthquake resistant buildings. It discusses the causes of earthquakes and factors that affect how buildings settle during earthquakes. It then describes methods for designing seismic resistant buildings, such as using square shapes, horizontal bands, light construction materials, and strong foundations. Finally, it discusses two major methods to reduce earthquake effects: base isolation and energy dissipation. The overall goal is for civil engineers to safeguard structures from earthquakes through resistant design philosophies and modern techniques.
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Similar to Base Isolation of Structure.
Base isolation and damping
This document provides an overview of modern earthquake resistance techniques, focusing on base isolation and seismic dampers. It discusses how base isolation works to isolate the superstructure from ground motion using elastomeric or sliding bearings, increasing the structure's period and reducing response. Seismic dampers also help control seismic damage by absorbing some of the energy through viscous, tuned mass, or friction damping. The document outlines examples of these techniques used successfully in various buildings worldwide.
Seismic Retrofitting Techniques & Rehabilitation
Seismic retrofitting is a collection mitigation technique for earthquake engineering.
It is the modification of existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity, ground motion, or soil failure due to earthquake.
It is of utmost important for historic monuments, areas prone to severe earthquakes and tall or
expensive structures.
The retrofitting techniques are also applicable for other natural hazards such as tropical cyclones, tornadoes and severe winds from thunderstorms.
Retrofitting proves to be a better economic consideration and immediate shelter to problems
rather than replacement of building.
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This document discusses techniques for making buildings earthquake resistant. It covers base isolation, which involves supporting a building on bearing pads to allow flexibility during earthquakes. It also discusses energy dissipation devices like friction dampers, metallic dampers, and viscoelastic dampers that can absorb seismic energy. The document provides details on how each technique works and their advantages, such as reducing displacement and maintaining structural performance during earthquakes. It concludes that base isolation and friction dampers are commonly used techniques for earthquake-resistant construction.
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The document discusses various techniques for making earthquake-resistant buildings, including:
1) Bearing wall systems that provide vertical support and lateral resistance through structural walls.
2) Frame systems that use diagonal braces or shear walls to provide lateral rigidity.
3) Moment-resisting frame systems that use rigid beam-column connections to resist lateral forces.
4) Dual systems that combine moment frames and walls/braces to resist both vertical and lateral loads.
5) Cantilever column systems. The document also discusses earthquake building codes in Japan and case studies like Shigeru Ban's paper tube schools.
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Base isolation is a seismic protection system that isolates structures from potentially dangerous ground motions during an earthquake. It works by incorporating seismic isolation devices, such as elastomeric bearings or springs, between the structure's foundation and subsoil. This allows the structure to move independently and reduces the transfer of seismic forces. The decoupling improves the structure's flexibility and response during an earthquake. Some advantages of base isolation include reduced seismic demand, lower structural costs, decreased displacements, improved safety, and reduced damage. It has been successfully used in several buildings in India, including hospitals. A case study examines using base isolation with springs and steel to seismic-proof a wooden house model.
Earthquake protection of buildings by seismic isolation
During the devastating February 2011 Christchurch earthquake, the iconic art gallery suffered damage and ground settlement. Triple Pendulum isolators were added at the basement level as part of the building’s repair and strengthening plan. The isolators increase the building’s seismic resilience and protect the precious art collections.
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Earthquake resisting building structures are designed to minimize damage and loss of life from earthquakes. Passive systems like shear walls, bracing, and dampers are conventional techniques used to resist earthquake forces and absorb seismic energy. Active control systems integrate real-time processors to improve safety. Other earthquake resistant methods include using lightweight materials, rollers, base isolation, and avoiding weak structural elements. Properly designing buildings with features like thick slabs, cross walls, and symmetrical reinforcement can increase a building's ability to withstand earthquake forces.
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Earthquake-resistant structures are structures designed to protect buildings to some or greater extent from earthquakes. While no structure can be entirely immune to damage from earthquakes, the goal of earthquake-resistant construction is to erect structures that fare better during seismic activity than their conventional counterparts. According to building codes, earthquake-resistant structures are intended to withstand the largest earthquake of a certain probability that is likely to occur at their location.This means the loss of life should be minimized by preventing collapse of the buildings for rare earthquakes while the loss of the functionality should be limited for more frequent ones.
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This document discusses structural control systems for improving the seismic performance of buildings. It begins by providing an example of a parking garage that collapsed during an earthquake due to insufficient reinforcement to accommodate large deformations. Next, it compares the dynamic forces from seismic and wind events. For earthquakes, the loading and response are truly dynamic, while wind is more static. Modern structural control systems aim to dissipate energy through passive, active, semi-active or hybrid methods. Passive methods discussed include base isolation using elastomeric bearings and viscous fluid, visco-elastic, friction and metallic dampers. The document emphasizes that structural control systems improve dynamic performance by increasing energy absorption or dissipation.
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Base isolation
Base isolation is one of the most widely accepted seismic protection systems in earthquake prone areas. It mitigates the effect of an earthquake by essentially isolating the structure from potentially dangerous ground motions, especially in frequency range where building is mostly affected. This includes
Concept of Base Isolation
Principle of Base Isolation
Comparison of Fixed Base Structure and Isolated Base Structure
Types of Isolation Components
Base Isolation in Real Buildings
Applications of Base Isolation
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Base Isolation of Structure.
- 1. WHAT IS EARTHQUAKE ? QUE: ANY PEOPLE DIED DUE TO EARTHQUAKE? • sudden movement or shaking of the Earth • Caused by plate tectonic stresses • Located at plate boundaries • Resulting in breakage of the Earth’s brittle crust
- 2. CASE STUDY: QUE: ARE WE ABLE TO RESIST EARTHQUAKE? • On the average about 10,000 people die each year as a result of earthquakes.
- 3. SO AS A CIVIL ENGINEER WHAT WE DO FOR THIS SOCIETY : Proper design. (increase ductility of structure) • Increase ductility of beam – column joint • Strengthening of individual footing. Give any mechanical provisions to the building to withstand in earthquake. • Shear walls • Bracing • Dampers • Rollers • “Base Isolation of structure”.
- 5. WORKING METHOD OF BASE ISOLATION
- 6. BASE ISOLATION USING FLEXIBLE RUBBER PADS • Base isolation is a passive vibration control system. • The goal of base isolation is to reduce the energy that is transferred from the ground motion to the structure. (a) Conventional structure (b) base isolated structure.
- 7. ISOLATION
- 8. EFFECTS OF BASE ISOLATION SYSTEM
- 9. IMAGE OF BASE ISOLATION
- 10. SPHERICAL SLIDING BASE ISOLATION • Spherical sliding isolation systems are another type of base isolation. The building is supported by bearing pads that have a curved surface and low friction. • During earthquake, the building is free to slide on the bearing. Since the bearing have a curved surface the building slides both vertically and horizontally.
- 11. FRICTION PENDULUM BEARING: • These are specially designed base isolators which works on the principle of simple pendulum. • It increase the natural time period of oscillation by causing the structure to slide along the concave inner surface through the frictional interface. • Its also possesses a re-centering capability.
- 12. ADVANTAGE OF BASE ISOLATION: • Structural Damage restricted. • No Damage to indoor services and facilities(gas or water pipelines). • Protects the structure by preventing plastic deformation of structural elements. • Secondary damage (Falling furniture) is restricted. • Function of buildings is ensured as super structure is designed to remain elastic even after an earthquake happens. • Deflections and stresses generated are lower. • Allows for a reduction in structural elements of buildings with less ductile detailing needed.
- 13. RECALL:- • Base isolation is a passive vibration control system. • Its control the earthquake force transmit to the building or structure. • Three types isolation by flexible rubbers. Spherical Sliding Base Isolation Friction pendulum bearing • Main advantage – Structural Damage restricted
- 14. THANK YOU… • “Engineers like to solve problems. If there are no problems handily available, they will create their own problems.” ― Scott Adams