The document discusses five codes that directors rely on to make sense of a text for audiences: the cultural code which refers to external knowledge held by audiences; the symbolic code which organizes meanings into broader sets through opposites; the semantic code which provides additional meanings through connotations; the hermeneutic code which refers to unexplained mysteries that keep audiences guessing; and the proairetic code which builds tension by indicating future events. These codes are used to develop a story's tensions and maintain audience interest.