The document discusses the development of synthetic nuclear melt glass surrogates at the University of Tennessee Radiochemistry Center of Excellence. It summarizes studies that showed a declining academic pipeline and faculty base in nuclear and radiochemistry. To help address these issues, the Center aims to produce synthetic melt glass samples to support the development of analytical techniques and education in nuclear forensics. Researchers synthesized samples mimicking the composition of Trinitite, formed from the Trinity nuclear test, by melting and vitrifying mixtures of powdered oxides. The surrogate materials could help verify and validate analytical methods without relying on limited quantities of actual nuclear melt glass.
I hold Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Physics of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia with specialization in environmental impact assessments. My area of research has been in the fields of radiation assessments, groundwater pollution evaluation, remediation and radiological risk forensics which represent one of the main activities. The effort in these fields was clearly noticed due to the presence of necessary scientific contributions in radiation dose assessments, groundwater monitoring, contamination channels, and remediation of radiotoxicity risks. The excellence of these inputs has provided a baseline for civil engineers and water resources managements on safer areas to drill boreholes for quality and consumable groundwater-based drinking, free from radionuclides. My research innovation has contributed greatly in providing solutions to many complicated groundwater and environmental problems which have been recorded as outstanding discoveries to the readers in scientific community by publishing all the novelties and scientific facts in high quality scholarly Journals guided by Thompson Reuters Journal Citation Reports (ISI-Web of Knowledge). Most of the discoveries have equally shared in International conferences in Hungary, Singapore and Malaysia with the proceedings published in ISI and Scopus indexed Journals. In addition, some of the scientific contributions yielded awards from International Doctoral Fellowship through Universiti Teknologi Malaysia that covered tuition fee and other benefits during my doctoral programme
The Center for Space Nuclear Research (CSNR) was established in 2005 as a partnership between Battelle Energy Alliance, Universities Space Research Association, and Idaho National Laboratory. The CSNR supports space nuclear research and education for the US Department of Energy. Through summer fellowship and degree programs, the CSNR provides hands-on research experience for students in areas like reactor design, fuel development, and risk analysis to advance space nuclear technology and train the next generation of leaders in the field.
This document provides a summary of Emanuel Waddell's professional experience and qualifications. It includes his contact information, educational background, work history, publications, patents, courses taught, and administrative roles. Key details include his position as an Associate Professor of Chemistry, expertise in analytical chemistry techniques, experience obtaining grants, and roles managing educational programs and professional organizations.
This document provides the program and abstracts from the 36th DOE Solar Photochemistry Research Meeting held from June 1-4, 2014 in Annapolis, Maryland. The meeting was sponsored by the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy and brought together researchers supported by the DOE to present advances in solar photochemical energy conversion. The program included oral presentation sessions on topics like systems for solar photoconversion, photoelectrochemical subsystems, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, as well as poster sessions.
Scott Webster is a senior research scientist at the University of Central Florida. His curriculum vita outlines his expertise in nonlinear optics, materials characterization, and managing research teams. He has over 15 years of experience in academic and industrial research, including postdoctoral positions at UCF and Wake Forest University. Webster has authored numerous publications and presentations in the fields of nonlinear optics and materials science.
NASA's NCSU-NSCORT Report and Personnel List La Shun L. CarrollLa Carroll
This document describes a research program involving 12 principal investigators from various institutions studying plant gravitational biology. The goal is to study calcium signaling's central role in plants' gravity response using molecular, cellular, and physiological approaches. The research utilizes transgenic plants, calcium imaging, and studies gravity-responsive plant tissues and proteins. The program involves graduate education, outreach to teachers and students, and research on characterizing plants' molecular genetic and biochemical gravity response mechanisms. It is funded through 2000 and has involved various research, publications, and presentations by the investigators.
This document provides a summary of Ming-Fu Lin's education and research experience. It details that he received a Ph.D. from UC Berkeley studying ultrafast dissociation dynamics using femtosecond XUV spectroscopy. As a post-doc at UIUC, he is building new apparatus to study ultrafast charge transfer in solar cell materials. His research focuses on using ultrafast spectroscopy techniques to investigate photochemical processes.
In 2006 the European Union issued a Directive on the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) which among other materials banned the use of lead in electronics. The Aerospace and Defense (A&D) industry in the US designs and manufactures products that carry more than three billion passengers worldwide on any given day as well as systems which are vital to our national security. In order to transition to lead-free electronics, the A&D industry demands careful analysis and research into the performance, reliability and safety of these materials in order to maintain public safety and assure our war-fighters’ mission is successful and safe. In this effort, the College of Engineering at Tuskegee University and the Boeing Company has teamed to understand some of the knowledge gaps that surround this new technology. Students at Tuskegee are undertaking an effort to understand the best use of conformal coatings to mitigate the risks these tin protrusions can cause in an electronic circuit. Also, Tuskegee is studying the effects tin whiskers may have on the ability of conformal coatings to protect Circuit Boards from corrosion.
I hold Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Physics of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia with specialization in environmental impact assessments. My area of research has been in the fields of radiation assessments, groundwater pollution evaluation, remediation and radiological risk forensics which represent one of the main activities. The effort in these fields was clearly noticed due to the presence of necessary scientific contributions in radiation dose assessments, groundwater monitoring, contamination channels, and remediation of radiotoxicity risks. The excellence of these inputs has provided a baseline for civil engineers and water resources managements on safer areas to drill boreholes for quality and consumable groundwater-based drinking, free from radionuclides. My research innovation has contributed greatly in providing solutions to many complicated groundwater and environmental problems which have been recorded as outstanding discoveries to the readers in scientific community by publishing all the novelties and scientific facts in high quality scholarly Journals guided by Thompson Reuters Journal Citation Reports (ISI-Web of Knowledge). Most of the discoveries have equally shared in International conferences in Hungary, Singapore and Malaysia with the proceedings published in ISI and Scopus indexed Journals. In addition, some of the scientific contributions yielded awards from International Doctoral Fellowship through Universiti Teknologi Malaysia that covered tuition fee and other benefits during my doctoral programme
The Center for Space Nuclear Research (CSNR) was established in 2005 as a partnership between Battelle Energy Alliance, Universities Space Research Association, and Idaho National Laboratory. The CSNR supports space nuclear research and education for the US Department of Energy. Through summer fellowship and degree programs, the CSNR provides hands-on research experience for students in areas like reactor design, fuel development, and risk analysis to advance space nuclear technology and train the next generation of leaders in the field.
This document provides a summary of Emanuel Waddell's professional experience and qualifications. It includes his contact information, educational background, work history, publications, patents, courses taught, and administrative roles. Key details include his position as an Associate Professor of Chemistry, expertise in analytical chemistry techniques, experience obtaining grants, and roles managing educational programs and professional organizations.
This document provides the program and abstracts from the 36th DOE Solar Photochemistry Research Meeting held from June 1-4, 2014 in Annapolis, Maryland. The meeting was sponsored by the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy and brought together researchers supported by the DOE to present advances in solar photochemical energy conversion. The program included oral presentation sessions on topics like systems for solar photoconversion, photoelectrochemical subsystems, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, as well as poster sessions.
Scott Webster is a senior research scientist at the University of Central Florida. His curriculum vita outlines his expertise in nonlinear optics, materials characterization, and managing research teams. He has over 15 years of experience in academic and industrial research, including postdoctoral positions at UCF and Wake Forest University. Webster has authored numerous publications and presentations in the fields of nonlinear optics and materials science.
NASA's NCSU-NSCORT Report and Personnel List La Shun L. CarrollLa Carroll
This document describes a research program involving 12 principal investigators from various institutions studying plant gravitational biology. The goal is to study calcium signaling's central role in plants' gravity response using molecular, cellular, and physiological approaches. The research utilizes transgenic plants, calcium imaging, and studies gravity-responsive plant tissues and proteins. The program involves graduate education, outreach to teachers and students, and research on characterizing plants' molecular genetic and biochemical gravity response mechanisms. It is funded through 2000 and has involved various research, publications, and presentations by the investigators.
This document provides a summary of Ming-Fu Lin's education and research experience. It details that he received a Ph.D. from UC Berkeley studying ultrafast dissociation dynamics using femtosecond XUV spectroscopy. As a post-doc at UIUC, he is building new apparatus to study ultrafast charge transfer in solar cell materials. His research focuses on using ultrafast spectroscopy techniques to investigate photochemical processes.
In 2006 the European Union issued a Directive on the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) which among other materials banned the use of lead in electronics. The Aerospace and Defense (A&D) industry in the US designs and manufactures products that carry more than three billion passengers worldwide on any given day as well as systems which are vital to our national security. In order to transition to lead-free electronics, the A&D industry demands careful analysis and research into the performance, reliability and safety of these materials in order to maintain public safety and assure our war-fighters’ mission is successful and safe. In this effort, the College of Engineering at Tuskegee University and the Boeing Company has teamed to understand some of the knowledge gaps that surround this new technology. Students at Tuskegee are undertaking an effort to understand the best use of conformal coatings to mitigate the risks these tin protrusions can cause in an electronic circuit. Also, Tuskegee is studying the effects tin whiskers may have on the ability of conformal coatings to protect Circuit Boards from corrosion.
This curriculum vitae summarizes the educational and professional qualifications of Dr. Arman Zh. Zhanbotin. He holds a Ph.D. in Physics from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and has over 15 years of experience in solid state physics research. His areas of expertise include nanomaterials, track etched membranes, and radiation physics. He is currently a senior researcher at the Astana branch of the Institute of Nuclear Physics in Kazakhstan.
Sylvia Mergui has extensive experience in materials science and engineering. She has published over 10 refereed publications, taught various engineering courses, and received funding for multiple research projects. Her professional activities include chairing conference sessions, serving on faculty committees, and co-organizing conferences.
This document is a resume for Andrii Sofiienko, a research scientist with over 10 years of experience in research and development, scientific programming, and physics. It summarizes his work history in scientific roles focused on x-ray imaging, spectroscopy, modeling of radiation detectors, and more. It also lists his education including a PhD in solid-state physics and qualifications as an experimental nuclear physicist and expert in radiation measurement systems.
This document provides information about an environmental health graduate course offered on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 10:05-11:20 AM in room A156. The course examines the chronic effects of environmental pollution and stressors on human health. Prerequisites include college-level biology and chemistry. The course will be taught by professors Richard Di Giulio and Joel Meyer and teaching assistant Daniel Brown. Readings will be provided on the class Blackboard site and the course website is on Sakai. Grades will be based on class participation, write-ups of readings, section summaries, and a review paper. The calendar lists the course modules and scheduled topics and speakers.
Dr. Mohammed Abd-Elbasseer is an Egyptian physicist currently working as an Associated Professor and Head of Preparatory Year Department at Al Ghad International Colleges for Health Science in Saudi Arabia. He received his PhD in physics from Ain Shams University in 2006, with a thesis on theoretical and experimental study of workstation room sound insulation design. He has over 15 years of experience in research and teaching in acoustics and physics in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. He has also authored or co-authored over 10 publications in peer-reviewed journals.
A: The document announces a 10-lecture course titled "Recent Developments in Nano Materials for Energy and Health Care Applications" to be held from December 19-24, 2016 at the Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
B: The course will cover topics such as nanotechnology, solid state chemistry, magnetism at the nano-scale, nano-materials for sustainable energy and health care applications. It will include lectures, hands-on tutorials and assignments.
C: The lectures will be delivered by Professor K.V. Ramanujachary from Rowan University, New Jersey, USA. The course is aimed at students, researchers and faculty from academic
1. The document discusses nanotechnology and its applications in India. It describes some examples of nanotechnology research in India, including carbon nanotube filters for water purification, a typhoid detection kit, and a potential heart pacemaker device that generates power from blood flow.
2. It outlines some government programs to support nanotechnology development, including a Nanotechnology Business Incubator and the Centre for Nano Science and Engineering. It also describes some individual research projects funded under the national Mission on Nano Science and Technology.
3. The national Mission on Nano Science and Technology aims to build capacity in nanotechnology research and develop products in areas like water purification, materials development, and drug delivery.
Lawrence K. Duffy's curriculum vitae provides information about his current position as Director of the Resilience and Adaptation Program and Professor of Chemistry & Biochemistry at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. It summarizes his educational background including degrees in chemistry from Fordham University and the University of Alaska Fairbanks. It also lists his extensive honors, administrative experience, teaching experience, graduate students supervised, professional experience, and membership in scientific societies.
This document outlines the lecture schedule and topics, course requirements, and grading scale for General Chemistry I taught by Professor David Rahni at Pace University. The course will cover topics including atomic structure, chemical bonding, stoichiometry, gases, thermochemistry, and periodic properties over 15 weeks. Students will take 3 exams, complete a laboratory component, and homework assignments. The final exam will be cumulative and course grades will be calculated from exams, labs, homework, and other assessments. Biographical information is also provided on Professor Rahni and his academic and professional background.
This document discusses 4 emerging branches in science: nanotechnology, bioinformatics, geoinformatics, and information technology. It outlines their educational importance by explaining how they can enhance teaching and learning. The advantages and disadvantages of each field are also summarized. The document concludes that while these emerging branches further scientific advancement and support education, they each have benefits and drawbacks.
This document discusses the threat of a growing U.S. innovation deficit due to declining public investment in basic research. It provides case studies of underfunded areas of science that could yield major benefits, including advances in health, energy, high-tech industries, and national security. These include research related to Alzheimer's disease, cybersecurity, space exploration, plant sciences, quantum information technologies, policy analysis, catalysis, fusion energy, infectious diseases, defense technologies, photonics, synthetic biology, materials discovery, robotics, and batteries. Increased investment in these fields could lead to new treatments, more efficient energy and manufacturing, economic growth, and strategic advantages over competitors like China.
Youliang Wang received his Ph.D. in chemistry from Arizona State University, where he studied the characterization of organic matter in fog and cloud under Dr. Pierre Herckes. His research focused on applying analytical techniques like PARAFAC and DOSY-NMR to atmospheric samples. He has over 5 years of experience conducting field campaigns and collaborating with agencies like NASA and the Norwegian Institute for Air Research. Wang is skilled in various instrumental techniques and has published several papers on fog and aerosol chemistry. He is now seeking postdoctoral opportunities to further his research in atmospheric organic matter.
This document is a CV for Asso. Prof. Asad Sabih Mohammad Raouf. It provides biographical information such as his name, date and place of birth, education history, work experience, publications, research experience, responsibilities, and courses taught. It details that he has a PhD in Physical Electronics from the University of Wales and has worked as a lecturer, researcher, and professor in Iraq, the UK, Yemen, Sudan, and Italy.
This document is a resume for Yu-Chuan Lin, a doctoral candidate in Materials Science and Engineering at Pennsylvania State University. It summarizes his education, laboratory skills, research experience, publications, and awards. Lin has over 7 years of experience operating various deposition systems and materials characterization equipment. His research focuses on the epitaxial growth and optoelectronic properties of two-dimensional layered semiconductors and van der Waals heterostructures. He has published over 20 peer-reviewed articles in journals such as Nature Materials and ACS Nano.
This document provides an overview of chemistry, including what it is, different types of chemistry, the scientific method, matter and its properties, energy, and chemical reactions. It defines chemistry as the study of matter, its composition and properties. It describes the major branches of chemistry and explains key concepts like the scientific method, states of matter, physical and chemical properties, and the conservation of mass and energy in chemical changes.
abstracts contributing to the First Russian-Nordic Symposium on Radiochemistry
“RNSR-2013” organized by Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Interdepartmental Scientific Council on Radiochemistry at the Presidium of Russian Academy of Sciences and the
State Corporation "Rosatom" and Russian Foundation for Basic Research. RNSR-2013 is the first Symposium in
this series that is originated from Russian-Finish Symposium on Radiochemistry series that started in 1987. RNSR
unites together radiochemists from Russia and Nordic countries: Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark. It covers
various topics including basic radiochemistry, nuclear fuel cycle, spent nuclear fuel and nuclear waste management
and disposal, radioecology and environmental radioactivity, nuclear medicine and isotope production,
radioanalytical chemistry
This document provides an overview of chemistry, including what it is, different types of chemistry, the scientific method, matter and its properties, energy, and chemical reactions. It defines chemistry as the study of matter, its composition and properties. It describes the major branches of chemistry and explains key concepts like the scientific method, states of matter, physical and chemical properties, and the conservation of mass and energy in chemical changes.
General terms in nuclear safety and security sphere. nuclear fuel cycle (nfc)...Katerina Sviridova
This document provides information about nuclear physics terms and concepts. It defines key terms like half-life, nuclei, binding energy, neutron, isotope, and absorption. It also outlines the major periods and discoveries in the history of nuclear physics from 1868 to the present. Some key events mentioned include the discovery of radioactivity, x-rays, the electron, nuclear fission, and theories of quantum mechanics and nuclear reactions. The document also provides examples of using the concept of half-life to model radioactive decay over time.
This document provides an overview of chemistry, including what it is, different types of chemistry, the scientific method, matter and its properties, energy, and chemical reactions. It defines chemistry as the study of matter, its composition and properties. It describes the major branches of chemistry and explains key concepts like the scientific method, states of matter, physical and chemical properties, and the conservation of mass and energy in chemical changes.
The document discusses nuclear fission and characteristics of the fission reaction. It describes how spontaneous and neutron-induced fission occurs in heavy nuclei. Fission reactions produce neutrons and fission products. The mass and energy distribution of fission products is discussed. Prompt and delayed neutron emission is described, along with factors that influence the neutron cycle in thermal reactors.
This curriculum vitae summarizes the educational and professional qualifications of Dr. Arman Zh. Zhanbotin. He holds a Ph.D. in Physics from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and has over 15 years of experience in solid state physics research. His areas of expertise include nanomaterials, track etched membranes, and radiation physics. He is currently a senior researcher at the Astana branch of the Institute of Nuclear Physics in Kazakhstan.
Sylvia Mergui has extensive experience in materials science and engineering. She has published over 10 refereed publications, taught various engineering courses, and received funding for multiple research projects. Her professional activities include chairing conference sessions, serving on faculty committees, and co-organizing conferences.
This document is a resume for Andrii Sofiienko, a research scientist with over 10 years of experience in research and development, scientific programming, and physics. It summarizes his work history in scientific roles focused on x-ray imaging, spectroscopy, modeling of radiation detectors, and more. It also lists his education including a PhD in solid-state physics and qualifications as an experimental nuclear physicist and expert in radiation measurement systems.
This document provides information about an environmental health graduate course offered on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 10:05-11:20 AM in room A156. The course examines the chronic effects of environmental pollution and stressors on human health. Prerequisites include college-level biology and chemistry. The course will be taught by professors Richard Di Giulio and Joel Meyer and teaching assistant Daniel Brown. Readings will be provided on the class Blackboard site and the course website is on Sakai. Grades will be based on class participation, write-ups of readings, section summaries, and a review paper. The calendar lists the course modules and scheduled topics and speakers.
Dr. Mohammed Abd-Elbasseer is an Egyptian physicist currently working as an Associated Professor and Head of Preparatory Year Department at Al Ghad International Colleges for Health Science in Saudi Arabia. He received his PhD in physics from Ain Shams University in 2006, with a thesis on theoretical and experimental study of workstation room sound insulation design. He has over 15 years of experience in research and teaching in acoustics and physics in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. He has also authored or co-authored over 10 publications in peer-reviewed journals.
A: The document announces a 10-lecture course titled "Recent Developments in Nano Materials for Energy and Health Care Applications" to be held from December 19-24, 2016 at the Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
B: The course will cover topics such as nanotechnology, solid state chemistry, magnetism at the nano-scale, nano-materials for sustainable energy and health care applications. It will include lectures, hands-on tutorials and assignments.
C: The lectures will be delivered by Professor K.V. Ramanujachary from Rowan University, New Jersey, USA. The course is aimed at students, researchers and faculty from academic
1. The document discusses nanotechnology and its applications in India. It describes some examples of nanotechnology research in India, including carbon nanotube filters for water purification, a typhoid detection kit, and a potential heart pacemaker device that generates power from blood flow.
2. It outlines some government programs to support nanotechnology development, including a Nanotechnology Business Incubator and the Centre for Nano Science and Engineering. It also describes some individual research projects funded under the national Mission on Nano Science and Technology.
3. The national Mission on Nano Science and Technology aims to build capacity in nanotechnology research and develop products in areas like water purification, materials development, and drug delivery.
Lawrence K. Duffy's curriculum vitae provides information about his current position as Director of the Resilience and Adaptation Program and Professor of Chemistry & Biochemistry at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. It summarizes his educational background including degrees in chemistry from Fordham University and the University of Alaska Fairbanks. It also lists his extensive honors, administrative experience, teaching experience, graduate students supervised, professional experience, and membership in scientific societies.
This document outlines the lecture schedule and topics, course requirements, and grading scale for General Chemistry I taught by Professor David Rahni at Pace University. The course will cover topics including atomic structure, chemical bonding, stoichiometry, gases, thermochemistry, and periodic properties over 15 weeks. Students will take 3 exams, complete a laboratory component, and homework assignments. The final exam will be cumulative and course grades will be calculated from exams, labs, homework, and other assessments. Biographical information is also provided on Professor Rahni and his academic and professional background.
This document discusses 4 emerging branches in science: nanotechnology, bioinformatics, geoinformatics, and information technology. It outlines their educational importance by explaining how they can enhance teaching and learning. The advantages and disadvantages of each field are also summarized. The document concludes that while these emerging branches further scientific advancement and support education, they each have benefits and drawbacks.
This document discusses the threat of a growing U.S. innovation deficit due to declining public investment in basic research. It provides case studies of underfunded areas of science that could yield major benefits, including advances in health, energy, high-tech industries, and national security. These include research related to Alzheimer's disease, cybersecurity, space exploration, plant sciences, quantum information technologies, policy analysis, catalysis, fusion energy, infectious diseases, defense technologies, photonics, synthetic biology, materials discovery, robotics, and batteries. Increased investment in these fields could lead to new treatments, more efficient energy and manufacturing, economic growth, and strategic advantages over competitors like China.
Youliang Wang received his Ph.D. in chemistry from Arizona State University, where he studied the characterization of organic matter in fog and cloud under Dr. Pierre Herckes. His research focused on applying analytical techniques like PARAFAC and DOSY-NMR to atmospheric samples. He has over 5 years of experience conducting field campaigns and collaborating with agencies like NASA and the Norwegian Institute for Air Research. Wang is skilled in various instrumental techniques and has published several papers on fog and aerosol chemistry. He is now seeking postdoctoral opportunities to further his research in atmospheric organic matter.
This document is a CV for Asso. Prof. Asad Sabih Mohammad Raouf. It provides biographical information such as his name, date and place of birth, education history, work experience, publications, research experience, responsibilities, and courses taught. It details that he has a PhD in Physical Electronics from the University of Wales and has worked as a lecturer, researcher, and professor in Iraq, the UK, Yemen, Sudan, and Italy.
This document is a resume for Yu-Chuan Lin, a doctoral candidate in Materials Science and Engineering at Pennsylvania State University. It summarizes his education, laboratory skills, research experience, publications, and awards. Lin has over 7 years of experience operating various deposition systems and materials characterization equipment. His research focuses on the epitaxial growth and optoelectronic properties of two-dimensional layered semiconductors and van der Waals heterostructures. He has published over 20 peer-reviewed articles in journals such as Nature Materials and ACS Nano.
This document provides an overview of chemistry, including what it is, different types of chemistry, the scientific method, matter and its properties, energy, and chemical reactions. It defines chemistry as the study of matter, its composition and properties. It describes the major branches of chemistry and explains key concepts like the scientific method, states of matter, physical and chemical properties, and the conservation of mass and energy in chemical changes.
abstracts contributing to the First Russian-Nordic Symposium on Radiochemistry
“RNSR-2013” organized by Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Interdepartmental Scientific Council on Radiochemistry at the Presidium of Russian Academy of Sciences and the
State Corporation "Rosatom" and Russian Foundation for Basic Research. RNSR-2013 is the first Symposium in
this series that is originated from Russian-Finish Symposium on Radiochemistry series that started in 1987. RNSR
unites together radiochemists from Russia and Nordic countries: Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark. It covers
various topics including basic radiochemistry, nuclear fuel cycle, spent nuclear fuel and nuclear waste management
and disposal, radioecology and environmental radioactivity, nuclear medicine and isotope production,
radioanalytical chemistry
This document provides an overview of chemistry, including what it is, different types of chemistry, the scientific method, matter and its properties, energy, and chemical reactions. It defines chemistry as the study of matter, its composition and properties. It describes the major branches of chemistry and explains key concepts like the scientific method, states of matter, physical and chemical properties, and the conservation of mass and energy in chemical changes.
General terms in nuclear safety and security sphere. nuclear fuel cycle (nfc)...Katerina Sviridova
This document provides information about nuclear physics terms and concepts. It defines key terms like half-life, nuclei, binding energy, neutron, isotope, and absorption. It also outlines the major periods and discoveries in the history of nuclear physics from 1868 to the present. Some key events mentioned include the discovery of radioactivity, x-rays, the electron, nuclear fission, and theories of quantum mechanics and nuclear reactions. The document also provides examples of using the concept of half-life to model radioactive decay over time.
This document provides an overview of chemistry, including what it is, different types of chemistry, the scientific method, matter and its properties, energy, and chemical reactions. It defines chemistry as the study of matter, its composition and properties. It describes the major branches of chemistry and explains key concepts like the scientific method, states of matter, physical and chemical properties, and the conservation of mass and energy in chemical changes.
The document discusses nuclear fission and characteristics of the fission reaction. It describes how spontaneous and neutron-induced fission occurs in heavy nuclei. Fission reactions produce neutrons and fission products. The mass and energy distribution of fission products is discussed. Prompt and delayed neutron emission is described, along with factors that influence the neutron cycle in thermal reactors.
This document provides an overview of CHEM 312 Radiochemistry, including course objectives, topics, readings, and schedule. The key topics covered are the history of radiation research, an introduction to nuclear structure and radioactive decay modes, and an overview of important radioelements like technetium, promethium, neptunium, plutonium, americium, and curium. The course aims to increase students' understanding of radiochemistry and its role in nuclear technology and the nuclear fuel cycle. Students will learn to apply concepts like the chart of nuclides, nuclear reactions, and radioactive decay.
The document discusses the nuclear fuel cycle from mining uranium to disposal of spent nuclear fuel. It covers the front end which includes mining, milling, conversion, enrichment and fuel fabrication. Uranium dioxide (UO2) pellets are commonly used as fuel and are fabricated using powder metallurgy techniques. The fuel is used in reactors to generate electricity via fission before being stored and potentially reprocessed to extract uranium and plutonium for reuse.
The document appears to be a scanned copy of a legal contract for the sale of a residential property located at 123 Main Street. The contract details the purchase price of $250,000, with a closing date of June 15th. The buyer agrees to pay a $5,000 deposit upon signing. Contingent items in the contract include the buyer obtaining financing and a home inspection.
This document discusses nuclear chemistry and the nuclear fuel cycle. It begins by explaining that while the nucleus is small, nuclear chemistry is complex. It then outlines the major steps in the nuclear fuel cycle, including mining, processing, enrichment, use in reactors, and waste disposal. It focuses on reprocessing of used nuclear fuel, describing the PUREX process which uses solvent extraction to separate uranium and plutonium. Alternative processes like UREX are also mentioned. Fusion as a potential energy source is briefly covered, along with the ITER experimental reactor and fuels like deuterium and tritium. Safety aspects of fusion are addressed.
The document discusses z-transforms, which are a generalization of the Fourier transform used to analyze discrete-time signals and systems. It defines the z-transform, region of convergence (ROC), zeros and poles. The ROC depends on the location of poles - it is the exterior region for a right-sided sequence, interior for a left-sided sequence, and the overlap for a two-sided sequence. A system is stable if its z-transform ROC includes the unit circle, as this is where the Fourier transform is evaluated.
This document discusses nuclear fission, which involves changes in nuclear composition and releases tremendous energy. Nuclear fission occurs when a large nucleus is bombarded by a small particle, causing the nucleus to split into smaller nuclei and neutrons. Some elements can undergo fission spontaneously, while others require bombardment by neutrons to induce fission. When Uranium-235 is bombarded by a neutron, it forms an unstable Uranium-236 nucleus that undergoes fission, splitting into smaller nuclei like Krypton-91 and Barium-142 along with additional neutrons. A chain reaction can occur when a critical mass of uranium undergoes fission, releasing heat and energy in an atomic explosion. Nuclear power
This document is a summary report from an MIT study on the future of the nuclear fuel cycle. It provides an overview of the study participants and advisory committee members. The report is divided into several chapters that examine issues related to uranium resources, spent nuclear fuel management, waste management, fuel cycle analyses, economics, nonproliferation, fuel cycle technologies, public attitudes, and recommended research programs. It aims to provide guidance on key technical choices for an expanded nuclear power program in the US.
The document discusses the z-transform, which is used to analyze discrete signals and linear time-invariant systems in the z-domain. It defines the z-transform as the power series of a discrete-time signal x(n) and notes that the region of convergence is where this power series converges to a finite value. Examples are provided to calculate the z-transform and region of convergence for finite duration signals. The z-transform is also defined for infinite duration signals, and examples are worked through.
The document discusses the z-transform, which is a mathematical tool used to analyze discrete-time control systems. The z-transform plays a similar role for discrete-time systems as the Laplace transform does for continuous-time systems. Some key properties of the z-transform discussed include the region of convergence, properties and theorems like the shifting theorem and initial/final value theorems, and applications to feedback control systems.
Z TRANSFORM PROPERTIES AND INVERSE Z TRANSFORMTowfeeq Umar
The document discusses various methods for computing the inverse z-transform including inspection, partial fraction expansion, and power series expansion. It provides examples to illustrate each method. The inverse z-transform finds the original time domain sequence from its z-transform. Key properties like linearity, time shifting, and convolution are also covered.
Z-transforms can be used to evaluate discrete functions, similar to how Laplace transforms are used for continuous functions. The z-transform of a discrete function f(n) is defined as the sum of f(n) multiplied by z to the power of -n, from n=0 to infinity. Some standard z-transform results include formulas for exponential, sinusoidal, and polynomial functions. Z-transforms have properties of linearity and shifting, and can be used to solve differential equations with constant coefficients and in applications of signal processing.
This document discusses signals and systems. It defines signals as physical quantities that vary with respect to time, space, or another independent variable. Signals can be classified as discrete time or continuous time. It also defines unit impulse and unit step functions for discrete and continuous time. Periodic and aperiodic signals are discussed. The Fourier series and Fourier transform are introduced as ways to represent signals in the frequency domain. The Laplace transform, which generalizes the Fourier transform, is also mentioned. Key properties of linear time-invariant systems like superposition, time-invariance, and convolution are covered. Finally, sampling theory and the z-transform, which is analogous to the Laplace transform for discrete-time systems, are summarized at a high level
The document discusses nuclear chemistry, including defining radioactivity and describing different types of radiation like alpha, beta, and gamma rays. It explains Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment which helped develop the nuclear model of the atom with a small, dense positively charged nucleus. The document also differentiates between stable and unstable isotopes and describes the characteristics of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.
This document is a summary report from an MIT study on the future of the nuclear fuel cycle. It provides an overview of the study participants and advisory committee members. The report is divided into several chapters that examine issues related to uranium resources, spent nuclear fuel management, waste management, fuel cycle analyses, economics, nonproliferation, fuel cycle technologies, public attitudes, and recommended research programs. It aims to provide guidance on key technical choices for an expanded nuclear power program in the US.
This document provides the biography and curriculum vitae of Charles Michael Drain. It summarizes his educational background, including receiving his PhD in Chemistry from Tufts University in 1988. It then outlines his professional experience, including his current role as Professor and Chair of the Department of Chemistry at Hunter College. The document also lists his awards, research grants, publications, teaching experience, and collaborations.
This document is a resume for Corey N. Stedwell, summarizing his education, work experience, research experience, publications, presentations, and other qualifications. Stedwell has a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from the University of Florida and works as an Applications Chemist at 1st Detect Corporation developing mass spectrometry methods. His research focuses on developing and applying mass spectrometric techniques to analyze biomolecular ions through infrared photodissociation spectroscopy.
Jose Joaquim D'Arruda has had a long career as a physics professor, researcher, and administrator. He received his PhD in physics from the University of Delaware in 1971. Since 1978 he has been a professor of physics at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke, where he has held several administrative roles including chair of the chemistry and physics department from 1981-2004. He has received many honors and awards for his research, teaching, and service. He has also been involved in numerous grants and outreach programs focused on science education.
Advanced Computational Materials Science: Application to Fusion and Generatio...myatom
This document summarizes a workshop on advanced computational materials science and its application to fusion and Generation IV fission reactors. The workshop brought together international experts to examine the role of high-performance computing in predicting materials behavior under irradiation conditions for nuclear reactors, and to evaluate the potential for computational modeling to bridge gaps in experimental data needed for reactor design. Key challenges for structural materials in fusion and Generation IV reactors are discussed, as well as recent progress and future goals in multiscale computational modeling of irradiation effects. While computational modeling shows promise, the workshop participants agreed that prototypic irradiation experiments will still be needed to fully validate models and provide sufficient data for reactor licensing and investment decisions.
This curriculum vitae provides details about Maxwell Omeje, including personal information, education history, work experience, areas of expertise, publications, and research projects. Omeje has a PhD in Physics from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and expertise in areas like water geoscience, environmental geoscience, geophysics, seismology, and geochemistry. He has over 15 publications and ongoing research projects evaluating radiation risks in Nigeria.
Steven Krahn, Professor of the Practice of Nuclear Environmental Engineering in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Vanderbilt University, presents on needs and work in R&D regarding nuclear and chemical engineering.
The NuClean Kick-Off workshop was held on Nov. 7, 2013 at the Handlery Union Square Hotel in San Francisco, CA, co-located with the AIChE 2013 Annual Meeting.
For more information on NuClean, visit: http://www.aiche.org/cei/conferences/nuclean-workshop/2013.
For more information on AIChE's Center for Energy Initiatives (CEI), visit: http://www.aiche.org/cei.
Jon Charles Batchelder is a staff physicist at Oak Ridge Associated Universities with over 30 years of experience in nuclear physics research. He received his Ph.D. from University of California, Berkeley and has authored over 100 refereed papers. His research focuses on heavy charged particle decay spectroscopy near the proton drip line and studies of neutron-rich nuclei. He has extensive experience designing detector systems and leading experimental programs at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
This curriculum vitae summarizes the educational and professional experience of Christopher Shearwood. He received a PhD in Solid State Physics from the University of Leeds in 1988. Since 1998, he has been an Associate Professor at Nanyang Technological University where he teaches and conducts research related to materials science and engineering. He has over 40 publications and 2 patents related to his work developing microelectromechanical systems and studying materials properties.
This document is a resume for Dr. Elena A. Guliants seeking a research or program management position involving renewable and alternative energy technologies. She has over 23 years of experience in fields such as photovoltaics, energy storage, hydrogen generation, and nanoenergetics. Her educational background includes a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and an M.B.A. She is fluent in English and Russian.
The document summarizes a ceremony for the Department of Energy's Early Career Scientist and Engineer Awards. It provides an agenda for the ceremony including opening remarks, presentations of awards from the Office of Science and Office of Defense Programs, and a reception. It then provides background information on the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers and lists the 2009 award recipients from DOE's Office of Science and Office of Defense Programs.
2010 Science Framework Overview by
Mary Wroten, Science Specialist
Office of Curriculum and Instruction
P.O. Box 771
Jackson, MS 39205-0771
601-359-2586
mwroten@mde.k12.ms.us
This document summarizes the Physics course for the first year of the B.E. program at Gujarat Technological University. The course aims to prepare students for careers in engineering by teaching core physics principles and their applications to technology. The course covers topics like dielectrics, magnetic materials, acoustics, superconductivity, lasers, fiber optics, nanophysics, and advanced engineering materials. Students will learn through lectures, tutorials, practical experiments, and a small project. Assessment includes a theory exam, practical exam, viva, and progressive assessments. The document outlines the content, teaching scheme, experiments, equipment, and intended learning outcomes of the course.
This document summarizes a presentation on nanotechnology applications and implications for Superfund sites. It discusses several sessions that were part of a learning webinar series on nanotechnology, including sessions on metal and DNAPL remediation, superfund site remediation, environmental sensors, fate and transport of nanoparticles, human toxicology, ecotoxicology, and challenges around the diversity of nanoproducts. It also summarizes discussions on the end-of-life strategies for nanotechnologies, including potential entry of nanomaterials into the waste stream, and regulatory frameworks across the lifecycle of nanoproducts. Public perception concerns around nanotechnology are also briefly highlighted.
Dr. Derek A. Bas is seeking a position where he can continue using his knowledge and attention to detail to innovate and grow a company. He has a Ph.D. in Physics from West Virginia University where he researched spintronic materials using optical and terahertz techniques. He has over 10 publications in peer-reviewed journals and has presented his work at several conferences. Dr. Bas has experience in data analysis, programming, nonlinear optics systems, and working on multiple projects simultaneously.
This document provides a summary of Dilip Kumar De's academic and professional qualifications and experiences. It outlines his educational background which includes a Ph.D in Solid State Physics from Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science. It also lists his various teaching and research positions held over his career at universities in India, USA, and Nigeria. Key points include his current role as a professor at Covenant University in Nigeria and research focus on green power technology and materials research.
A pdf file about the topic in science, technology and society that talks about nano world. This informative material is a helped to students in understanding the importance of nanotechnology and its effects to human life. Nano technology refers to the science, engineering and technology conducted at the nanoscale. nanoscience and nano technology employs the study and application of small things in areas of science
Jiun-Ruey Chen is seeking a position applying their experience in vacuum technologies and thin film material science. They have a Ph.D. in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering from Cornell University and designed a custom reactant delivery system incorporated into an ultra-high vacuum system. Their research has investigated atomic layer deposition processes and charge transfer across nanocrystal boundaries. They have technical skills including thin film deposition, characterization techniques like XPS, and computational modeling.
1. Radiochemistry Center of Excellence
Expanding the Horizons of Nuclear Forensics
Analysis
John D. Auxier II
University of Tennessee
Nuclear Engineering Colloquium
January 21, 2015 -- Knoxville, TN
2. The context
§ Importance of training nuclear and
radio-chemists
§ Nuclear Melt Glass
§ Gas-phase separations
4. What is a radiochemist?
ORNL
Physics
Division
NIST
Radiochemist:
one
who
uses
the
radioac#ve
nature
of
ma=er
to
study
non-‐radioac#ve
proper#es
of
reac#ons
Nuclear
chemist:
one
who
uses
chemistry
to
study
radioac#ve
elements
5. Studies of the pipeline
§ 1978: The American Chemical Society’s (ACS) Division
of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (DNCT) first
noted a decline in nuclear and radiochemistry faculty
and students in chemistry departments
§ 1988: National Research Council, Training
Requirements for Chemists in Nuclear Medicine,
Nuclear Industry, and Related Areas.
§ 2004: DOE/NSF Nuclear Science Advisory Committee,
Education in Nuclear Science
§ 2008: AAAS/APS, Nuclear Forensics: Role, State of the
Art, Program Needs
§ 2012: National Research Council, Assuring a Future
U.S.-Based Nuclear Chemistry Expertise
6. numbers of degree holders in this discipline.
Nuclear and radiochemistry needs cannot simply be filled by transfers
from the larger groups of engineering and physics degree holders. Much of
the chemistry involved in separating actinides, preparing reagents for nuclear
medicine, and removing radioactive materials from the environment requires
knowledge of synthetic, analytical, and other aspects of chemistry, informa-
1-2.eps
0
50
100
150
200
250
1950
1953
1956
1959
1962
1965
1968
1971
1974
1977
1980
1983
1986
1989
1992
1995
1998
2001
2004
2007
NumberofEarnedDoctorateDegrees
Academic Year
Nuclear chemistry
Nuclear physics
Nuclear engineering
FIGURE 1-2 Number of Ph.D.s per year in selected nuclear science and engineering
disciplines, 1950–2007.
NOTE: Survey of Earned Doctorates stopped counting nuclear chemistry degrees after
2003.Assuring
a
Future
U.S.-‐Based
Nuclear
Chemistry
Exper=se,
Na#onal
Research
Council
(2012)
US nuclear chemistry PhD’s
7. Radchem PhD’s (keyword based)
DEFINING NUCLEAR AND RADIOCHEMISTRY EXPERTISE 21
2-1.eps
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Count
Year
SED Ph.D. Degrees
PQDT Ph.D. Theses
FIGURE 2-1 U.S.-granted Ph.D. degrees and dissertations in nuclear chemistry by year,
1970-2010, based on the National Science Foundation Survey of Earned Doctorates
(SED) and the ProQuest Dissertation and Theses (PQDT) database. SED data (blackAssuring
a
Future
U.S.-‐Based
Nuclear
Chemistry
Exper=se,
Na#onal
Research
Council
(2012)
8. US peer-reviewed contributions in
radiochemistry declining
24 ASSURING A FUTURE U.S.-BASED NUCLEAR AND RADIOCHEMISTRY EXPERTISE
2-4.eps
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
%U.S.Authorship
Publication Year
Uranium
Plutonium
Technetium
Thorium
Fluorine-18 or (18)F
FIGURE 2-4 Percentage of U.S.-authored papers out of the total number of papers for
selected keywords, 1970-2010.
SOURCE: Web of Science keyword search, http://apps.webofknowledge.com, Septem-Assuring
a
Future
U.S.-‐Based
Nuclear
Chemistry
Exper=se,
Na#onal
Research
Council
(2012)
9. Nuclear Eng. PhD’s trending up
ASSURING A FUTURE U.S.-BASED NUCLEAR AND RADIOCHEMISTRY EXPERTISE
2-2.eps
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
NumberofNuclearEngineeringPh.D.DegreesAwarded
Year
FIGURE 2-2 Trend in nuclear engineering Ph.D. degrees, 1970-2010.
NOTE: Includes programs with nuclear engineering majors and option programs inAssuring
a
Future
U.S.-‐Based
Nuclear
Chemistry
Exper=se,
Na#onal
Research
Council
(2012)
10. Faculty base was a concern
§ 2008: 46 active faculty identified
– Across 20 universities
– Producing 114 PhD’s
– 7 universities were “singlets”
– 5 universities were “doublets”
– Largest program was Washington
University in St. Louis, with 6 faculty in
nuclear medicine program
Assuring
a
Future
U.S.-‐Based
Nuclear
Chemistry
Exper=se,
Na#onal
Research
Council
(2012)
11. Additionally, academic radiochemistry
programs face significant challenges
§ Perceived risk
§ Expense of compliance
§ Lack of faculty base
§ General shift from experimental
science to modeling and simulation
§ Increasing challenges using the
national labs
§ Budgets and budget cycles
Assuring
a
Future
U.S.-‐Based
Nuclear
Chemistry
Exper=se,
Na#onal
Research
Council
(2012)
12. 2012: Findings
§ Faculty base was extremely vulnerable
§ Little or no undergraduate curricula
§ Programs with only one faculty were
unsustainable
§ Funding was limited and unpredictable
§ Data sources for tracking the academic
health of the field are poor or missing
§ Specific programs were helping, but not
fast enough
Assuring
a
Future
U.S.-‐Based
Nuclear
Chemistry
Exper=se,
Na#onal
Research
Council
(2012)
13. Overall conclusions – Demand
and Supply
(5-‐year
data)
BS
MS
PhD
Demand
200
93
306
Supply
250
50
65
Assuring
a
Future
U.S.-‐Based
Nuclear
Chemistry
Exper=se,
Na#onal
Research
Council
(2012)
14. In memoriam,….
W.
Frank
Kinard
(2013)
College
of
Charleston
Heino
Nitsche
(2014)
University
of
California
15. And one last bit of bad news
§ Update on the Nuclear Chemistry
Summer Schools
§ From NUCL Newsletter: This is traditionally the time of year
that we announce the dates for the summer schools. I regret to
inform the Division that at this time we have not received
any funding for the fourth year of the five year grant
that will allow us to hold the summer schools in
2015.
DNCT
NewsleIer,
October
2014
19. Motivation
§ Lack of available nuclear melt glass
§ Development of analytical techniques
needed
§ Support of radiochemistry and nuclear
forensic education
20. Event
Environmental
Knowns
Post
Material
Analysis
Regional
Produc#on
Comparison
A=ribu#on
Scenario
Selec#on
Es#mates
of
Environment
Develop
Surrogate
Produce
Event
Surrogate
Sample
Analysis
Surrogate
Material
Regional
Produc#on
Comparison
Verifica#on
&
Valida#on
Applica#on
Laboratory
22. Development and Synthesis
§ Trinitite used as a
benchmark
§ Powdered oxides used
to create sample
matrix
§ Matrix melted and
vitrified
STF Composition (by mass fraction)
Trinitite Data Synthetic Formulation
Comp. Fraction Comp. Fraction
SiO2 6.42x10-1
SiO2 6.42x10-1
Al2O3 1.43x10-1
Al2O3 1.43x10-1
CaO 9.64x10-2
CaO 9.64x10-2
FeO 1.97x10-2
FeO 1.97x10-2
MgO 1.15x10-2
MgO 1.15x10-2
Na2O 1.25x10-2
Na2O 1.25x10-2
K2O 5.13x10-2
KOH 6.12x10-2
MnO 5.05x10-4
MnO 5.05x10-4
TiO2 4.27x10-3
TiO2 4.27x10-3
U 1.60x10-5
UNH 3.37x10-5
Total 9.81x10-1
Total 9.91x10-1
Element Fraction Element Fraction
Si 3.00x10-1
Si 3.00x10-1
Al 7.55x10-2
Al 7.55x10-2
Ca 6.88x10-2
Ca 6.88x10-2
Fe 1.53x10-2
Fe 1.53x10-2
Mg 6.90x10-3
Mg 6.90x10-3
Na 9.24x10-3
Na 9.24x10-3
K 4.26x10-2
K 4.26x10-2
Mn 3.93x10-4
Mn 3.93x10-4
Ti 2.58x10-3
Ti 2.58x10-3
O 4.60x10-1
O 4.69x10-1
U 1.60x10-5
U 1.60x10-5
N 0 N 1.88x10-6
H 0 H 1.10x10-3
27. Gamma Spectroscopy (Cont.)
Nuclide ROI Half-‐Life
(yr)
Energy
(keV)
Branching
RaPo
(%)
Act.
(Bq/g
)
-‐
TriniPte
Act.
(Bq/g
)
–
STF
133Ba1,2,3 5 10.51 356.01 62.05 27.1 ± 0.5 N/A
137Cs1,2,3 8 30.05 661.66 84.99 32.1 ± 0.04 N/A
152Eu1,2,3 3 13.522 121.7 28.41 69.9 ± 0.8 N/A
4
334.2 26.59
10
778.9 12.97
11
964.08 14.50
154Eu1,2,3 * 8.601 123.07 40.40 158 ± 0.4 477 ± 9.3
9
723.3 20.05
12
1,004.7 17.86
13
1,274.4 34.90
155Eu1 * 4.573 86.55 30.7 0.9 ± 0.6 0.38 ± 0.003
*
105.31 21.1
239Pu1 1 24.1x103 51.62 0.02 11208 ±
3907
N/A
*
129.30 0.002
6
375.05 0.0015
7
413.71 0.0015
241Pu2 * 14.35
103.68 1.0E-‐4 63.0 ± 1.8 N/A
241Am1,2,3 2 432.2 59.94 35.92 13 ± 11 N/A
60Co1,2,3 * 5.271 1,173.2 99.85 44 ± 4 N/A
*
1,332.4 99.98
95Zr
is
the
actual
isotope
126Sn
is
the
actual
isotope
1P.
P.
Parekh
et
al.,
“Radioac#vity
in
trini#te
six
decades
later.,”
J.
Environ.
Radioact.,
vol.
85,
no.
1,
pp.
103–20,
Jan.
2006
2J.
J.
Bellucci
et
al
,
“Distribu#on
and
behavior
of
some
radionuclides
associated
with
the
Trinity
nuclear
test,”
J.
Radioanal.
Nucl.
Chem.,
vol.
295,
no.
3,
pp.
2049–2057,
Sep.
2012
3D.
Schlauf,,et
al“Trini#te
redux:
Comment
on
‘Determining
the
yield
of
the
Trinity
nuclear
device
via
gamma-‐ray
spectroscopy,’”
Am.
J.
Phys.,
vol.
65,
no.
11,
p.
1110,
1997.
28. Synthetic Trinitite Results/Conclusions
§ It is possible to produce melt glass that is
similar to trinitite in:
– Elemental Composition
– Morphology
– Radiological Signature
– Chemical Behavior
§ This melt glass can be used as a viable surrogate for
radiochemistry/ nuclear forensic applications
29. Background
§ Separations are important part of
nuclear forensics.
– Post-Detonation Scenarios1
– Current liquid methods are time-
consuming
§ Need for Rapid Separations
– Experiment with gas chromatography/
mass spectrometry separations2 for
thermochemical separations3
1Development of Synthetic Nuclear Melt Glass for Forensic Analysis” Molgaard, Auxier et. al.
J. Rad. Nucl. Chem., 2015, In press.
2 “Assessing thermochromatography as a separation for nuclear forensics: current capability
vis-a-via forensic requirements”, Hanson et. al 2011, J. Rad. Nucl. Chem.
3Synthesis and detection of a seaborgium carbonyl complex, Even et al., 2014, Science,
30. Background (Cont.)
§ Ligands for ease of volatilization and
rapid separation
1,1,1,5,5,5
–
hexafluoro
–
2,4
–
pentadione
(denoted
hfac)
6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-
dimethyl-3,5-octanedione (denoted hfod)
2,2,6,6-‐tetramethyl-‐3,5-‐
heptanedione
(denoted
hdpm)
31. Outline
§ Ligand Synthesis
– Comparison in terms of timeliness and
percent yield.
– Mass Spectrometry Analysis
§ Separations
– Mass Spectra
– Time separated separations
§ Conclusions
32. Rapid Separations Flowchart
Dissolve Ln oxides
use of HCl, HNO3,
H2SO4
Prepare NH4[ligand]
Hhfac + NH4OH à
NH4[hfac] + H2O
Combine NH4[hfac] with LnCl3
X NH4[lig] + LnCl3 à Ln[hfac]x + X NH4Cl
Extract Ln[hlig]4 into
organic phase and dry
Structural Characterization and
Purity Determination:
FT-ATR-IR (NDA), P-XRD (NDA),
SC-XRD (~ 5 mg), ICP-TOF-MS (~1
mg), MP (~2 mg), NMR (~1 mg)
Separate using
thermochromatographic
methods.
34. Synthesis of Ln[hfac]4 Compounds
Compound
%
Yield
Sm
35.0-‐36.3
Gd
57.9-‐60.0
Tm
57.2-‐59.2
1Sievers, R. E.; Ponder, B. W.; Morris, M. L.; Moshier, R. W. Inorganic Chemistry 1963, 2, 693.
2Eisentraut, K. J.; Sievers, R. E. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1965, 87, 5254.
3Springer, C. S.; Meek, D. W.; Sievers, R. E. Inorganic Chemistry 1967, 6, 1105.
35. Synthesis of Ln[hfod]x compounds
Compound
%
Yield
Nd
21.0-‐21.6
Sm
15.8-‐16.2
Dy
14.3-‐14.7
1Sievers, R. E.; Ponder, B. W.; Morris, M. L.; Moshier, R. W. Inorganic Chemistry 1963, 2, 693.
2Eisentraut, K. J.; Sievers, R. E. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1965, 87, 5254.
3Springer, C. S.; Meek, D. W.; Sievers, R. E. Inorganic Chemistry 1967, 6, 1105.
48. Separation Efficiency
§ Resolution
– Equation: ∆tr/wav > 1.5
• ∆tr is the difference in retention times for two
compounds
• wav is the average base of the same two peaks
– Separation largely based upon physiosorption
interactions
• Driven by the ΔHabs and ΔHdes of the individual
compounds.
• These entropic factors will be used to model separation
parameters
49. Comparison of Separation
Efficiency
Ln[hfac]4
Compounds
ResoluPon
(∆tr/wav )
Sm
and
Tm
3.25
Tm
and
Nd
5.30
Ln[hfod]x
Compounds
ResoluPon
(∆tr/wav )
Nd
and
Sm
No
separa#on
Sm
and
Dy
No
separa#on
Ln[hdpm]x
Compounds
ResoluPon
(∆tr/wav )
Pr
and
Eu
7.43
50. Conclusions
– Successfully synthesized and characterized
• 14 of the Ln[hfac]4·NH4 compounds
• 14 Ln[hfod]x compounds
• Pr, Eu, and Ho hdpm compounds
– Have made initial measurements as to separation
thermodynamics
• Used Electron Ionization Mass Spectrometry
– Have begun to make progress in separations with the first
ever GC-ICP-TOF-MS system
• Initial results are promising
51. Future Work
§ Radiochemistry Center
– Continue to recruit undergraduate and graduate students
for the program
– Develop useful curricula for nuclear and radiochemistry
students
§ Melt Glass
– Begin to distribute samples to National Labs and other
universities
– Begin to make urban nuclear melt samples
§ Advanced Separations
– Make first thermodynamic separation measurements of
these compounds
– Finalize dissolution techniques to aid melt glass analysis
52. Publications from related work.
§ J. D. Auxier II, S. A. Stratz, D. E. Hanson, M. L. Marsh, H. L. Hall
“Synthesis and Characterization of Lanthanide 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-Heptafluoro-2,2-
Dimethyl-3,5-Octanedione Complexes” Under Review Inor. Chem.
§ J. J. Molgaard, J. D. Auxier II, C. J. Oldham, M. T. Cook, H. L. Hall,
“Development of Synthetic Nuclear Melt Glass for Forensic Analysis” J. Rad.
Nucl. Chem. 2015 In Press
§ A. V. Giminaro, S. A. Stratz, J. A. Gill, J. P. Auxier, C. J. Oldham, M. T. Cook,
J. D. Auxier II, J. J. Molgaard, H. L. Hall, “A Method for Development of
Synthetic Urban Nuclear Melt Glass for Rapid Forensic Analysis” Under
Review to J. Rad. Nucl. Chem.
§ 4 others in process
§ Also sponsored the Radiobioassay and Radiochemical Measurements
Conference, Knoxville, TN 2014
53. Patents in Process from related
work
§ J. J. Molgaard, J. D. Auxier II, H. L. Hall, “Novel Synthetic
Nuclear Melt Glass and Methods Thereof” 2014, Pat. Pend.
62/002,202
– Also: A. V. Giminaro, C. J. Oldham, Mr. J. P. Auxier, E. K. Fenske, J. D.
Auxier II, H. L. Hall, “Standard Testable Urban Formation for Forensics
(S.T.U.F.F.)”, 2014 has been combined in the license
§ J. D. Auxier II, D. E. Hanson, M. L. Marsh, H. L. Hall, “Gas-
phase Thermochromatographic Separations of Fission and
Activation Products”, 2014, Pat. Pend. 62/028,199
§ S. J. Willmon, H. L. Hall, J. D. Auxier II, Ms. Hannah Hale, M.
Thornbury, “Broad Area Search Bayesian Processor” 2015 Under
Review
§ J. D. Auxier II, J. Stainback IV, M. T. Cook, M. J. Willis, J. D.
Birdwell, R. Horn., “Radiation Detection Instrumentation
Universal Simulator (RADIUS)”, 2014, Pat. Pend. 62/033,821
§ M. T. Cook, A. V. Giminaro, D. E. Hanson, J. D. Auxier II, H. L.
Hall, “Solid Sample Introduction System for Gas
Chromatography” 2014, Under Review
54. Collaborators (Hall Group)
§ Melt Glass
– Joshua Molgaard (M.S. – now at USMA)
– Andrew Giminaro, Jerrad Auxier, Jonathan
Gill, CJ Oldham, Matthew Cook
§ Advanced Separations
– Daniel Hanson (now Ph.D. at SRNL)
– Adam Stratz, Steven Jones (Bredesen
Scholar)
– UGS: Matthew Marsh (ACS Coryell Award
Winner), Ashlyn Jones
55. Interdepartmental Collabotors
§ UT Chemistry: Derek Cressy, Derek Mull,
Dr. David Jenkins, Dr. Carlos Steren
§ Materials Science Engineering: Dr.
Stephen Young
§ UT/ORNL Joint Institute for
Computational Sciences: Dr. Deborah
Penchoff
56. RCoE impact on the UT academic
program
§ Radiochemistry Certificate program
§ Nuclear Engineering’s Nuclear Security
curricula
§ New NE building programming
§ Funding: U.S Dept. of Energy, National
Nuclear Security Administration, Scientific
Stewardship Academic Alliances Program
– Special Thanks to Dr. Howard Hall and Dr.
Lawrence Heilbronn
60. Elemental Analysis
Compound Element Theory
(%) Found
(%)
La[hfac]4
-‐*
X
H2O
C 23.55 24.7
H 1.28 1.31
N 2.93 2.65
F 47.75 43.41
Gd[hfac]4
-‐*
X
H2O
C 23.54 24.35
H 0.99 0.96
N 2.75 2.95
F 44.69 42.74
Lu[hfac]4
-‐*
X
H2O
C 23.44 23.62
H 0.79 0.78
N 1.71 1.63
F 44.5 42.09
• Possible residual NH4R, causing differences in F %
• Possible hydration differences causes differences in
hydrogen amounts
62. Elemental Analysis hfod
Compound Element Theory Found
C 30.46 31.54
H 2.9 2.91
N 0 0
F 33.72 32.73
C 34.56 34.99
H 3.34 3.515
N 1.01 1.035
F 38.27 38.47
C 34.13 34.585
H 3.29 3.235
N 1 1.045
F 37.79 38.16
La[fod]3
*2H2O
NH3
+
(Gd[fod]4
-‐
)
*2H2O
NH3
+
(Lu[fod]4
-‐
)
*2H2O
*A
4:1
mole
ra#o
of
NH4[fod]:LnCl3
was
used.
*One
possible
product
from
this
would
be
the
charged
8-‐coordinate
dihydrate
(NH3+
[Ln(Hfac)4
-‐]*2H20).
*The results go against
expectation that the
smaller cations would
have less ligands
63. Sm Gd Ho
FuncPonal
Assignment*
741
741
741
C-‐CF3
stretch
806
804
821
C-‐H
out
of
plane
bend
1117
1117
1117
C-‐H
in-‐plane
bend
1178
1178
1178
C-‐F
stretch
1220
1220
1220
C-‐F
stretch
1276
1276
1276
C-‐F
stretch
1458
1458
1458
C-‐H
bend,
[Hfac]-‐
metal
coordina#on
1509
1509
1509
C-‐O
stretch,
C-‐H
bend,
[Hfac]-‐metal
coordina#on
1593
1593
1593
C=C
stretch,
[Hfac]-‐
metal
coordina#on
1624
1624
1624
C-‐O
stretch,
[Hfac]-‐
metal
coordina#on
2974
2974
2974
O-‐H
stretch
Ln[hfod]x FT-ATR-IR Results
65. NMR Results Ln[hfod]x (cont’d)
La
Gd
Lu
Legend
*Shows
most
varia#on
across
series
due
to
being
metal
coordina#on
site
*Larger
ionic
radius
coordina#on
→
greater
shiq
upfield
*ParamagnePc
properPes
causes
large
shiqs
and
line
broadening
=
lower
quality
NMR
results
66. FT-IR Results hdpm
Hdpm Eu Pr FuncPonal
Assignment*
741
760
759
C-‐H
out
of
plane
bend
797
793
793
C-‐H
out
of
plane
bend
874
867
867
C-‐H
bend
1133
1130
1130
C-‐H
in
plane
bend
1220
1220
1220
C-‐O
stretch
1365
1380
1350
C-‐H
rock,
[Hdpm]
metal
coordina#on
1604
1500
1490
C-‐O
stretch,
C-‐H
bend,
[Hdpm]
metal
coordina#on
1604
1570
1570
C=C
stretch,
[Hdpm]
metal
coordina#on
3198
2950
2950
C-‐H
stretch
____
[Hdpm]
100
0
50
Wavenumbers
cm-‐1
67. Elemental Analysis hdpm
Compound Element Theory Found
C 30.46 31.54
H 2.9 2.91
C 34.13 34.585
H 3.29 3.235
Eu[dpm]3
Pr[dpm]3
*A
3:1
mole
ra#o
of
Na(dpm):LnCl3
was
used.
*Steric
hindrance
of
t-‐butyl
groups
influences
Ln[dpm)3]
product.