A Prospective Observational Study of Zinc As Adjunct Therapy In Pediatric Pop...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
This document provides an overview of a noon conference on gastroparesis. It discusses the objectives, definition, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic tests, treatment, and illness script of gastroparesis. Diabetes mellitus is identified as the most common disease process associated with gastroparesis. Gastric emptying scintigraphy is highlighted as a diagnostic test that can confirm diabetic gastroparesis. Prokinetic agents are noted as one of the most effective treatments for diabetic gastroparesis.
Biomedical research is the broad area of science that involves the investigation of the biological process and the causes of disease through careful experimentation, observation, laboratory work, analysis, and testing.
An experienced neurosurgeon and psychiatrist, Robert Buchanan, MD, treats patients with epilepsy and other conditions at the Seton Brain & Spine Institute in Austin, Texas. Robert Buchanan, MD, also conducts original medical research focused on investigating innovative epilepsy therapies. When a patient is diagnosed with epilepsy, it means he or she has undergone recurrent seizures caused by electrical problems in the brain. If left untreated, such seizures can do harm to a patient’s quality of life.
The document discusses how population aging is changing healthcare systems. It notes that the percentage of people over age 65 and over age 80 in Europe is projected to increase significantly by 2030 and 2060. Integrated care models that coordinate services across care settings are presented as an important approach to address the needs of older patients with multiple chronic conditions. The document also describes a community-based care program for senior citizens in Baselland, Switzerland that aims to implement an integrated care model through risk screening, comprehensive geriatric assessments, and care coordination.
This document summarizes a tele-continuing nurse education session on approaching shortness of breath (dyspnea). It provides administrative details about the session and instructions for submitting attendance. It then discusses what dyspnea is, common causes, and ways to assess and manage it. Specific strategies covered include using oxygen therapy, fans, relaxation techniques, medications like opioids and diuretics, as well as non-pharmacological approaches like energy conservation. It also cautions that opioids can cause toxicity and hasten death if not managed properly. The next session in the series will focus on medication safety during enteral feeding.
The document discusses various perspectives on health literacy and patient education. It addresses:
1) The clinician viewpoint that patient education improves compliance and outcomes, though patients and doctors often differ in their risk/benefit perceptions.
2) Health literacy, defined as people's ability to obtain, understand, and apply health information to make appropriate decisions.
3) Ways to improve health literacy through organizations like SEPAR that promote education activities for patients and encourage their participation in scientific meetings.
A Prospective Observational Study of Zinc As Adjunct Therapy In Pediatric Pop...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
This document provides an overview of a noon conference on gastroparesis. It discusses the objectives, definition, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic tests, treatment, and illness script of gastroparesis. Diabetes mellitus is identified as the most common disease process associated with gastroparesis. Gastric emptying scintigraphy is highlighted as a diagnostic test that can confirm diabetic gastroparesis. Prokinetic agents are noted as one of the most effective treatments for diabetic gastroparesis.
Biomedical research is the broad area of science that involves the investigation of the biological process and the causes of disease through careful experimentation, observation, laboratory work, analysis, and testing.
An experienced neurosurgeon and psychiatrist, Robert Buchanan, MD, treats patients with epilepsy and other conditions at the Seton Brain & Spine Institute in Austin, Texas. Robert Buchanan, MD, also conducts original medical research focused on investigating innovative epilepsy therapies. When a patient is diagnosed with epilepsy, it means he or she has undergone recurrent seizures caused by electrical problems in the brain. If left untreated, such seizures can do harm to a patient’s quality of life.
The document discusses how population aging is changing healthcare systems. It notes that the percentage of people over age 65 and over age 80 in Europe is projected to increase significantly by 2030 and 2060. Integrated care models that coordinate services across care settings are presented as an important approach to address the needs of older patients with multiple chronic conditions. The document also describes a community-based care program for senior citizens in Baselland, Switzerland that aims to implement an integrated care model through risk screening, comprehensive geriatric assessments, and care coordination.
This document summarizes a tele-continuing nurse education session on approaching shortness of breath (dyspnea). It provides administrative details about the session and instructions for submitting attendance. It then discusses what dyspnea is, common causes, and ways to assess and manage it. Specific strategies covered include using oxygen therapy, fans, relaxation techniques, medications like opioids and diuretics, as well as non-pharmacological approaches like energy conservation. It also cautions that opioids can cause toxicity and hasten death if not managed properly. The next session in the series will focus on medication safety during enteral feeding.
The document discusses various perspectives on health literacy and patient education. It addresses:
1) The clinician viewpoint that patient education improves compliance and outcomes, though patients and doctors often differ in their risk/benefit perceptions.
2) Health literacy, defined as people's ability to obtain, understand, and apply health information to make appropriate decisions.
3) Ways to improve health literacy through organizations like SEPAR that promote education activities for patients and encourage their participation in scientific meetings.
This document discusses medical data mining of Danish healthcare registries containing structured and unstructured data from electronic health records. It describes how researchers have used the Danish civil registration system and national registries containing diagnosis and hospital admission data spanning decades to study disease trajectories, comorbidities, and confounding factors. It also explains how natural language processing of free-text clinical notes has allowed identification of adverse drug reactions and new disease associations by linking medications, diagnoses, and symptoms over time despite challenges from unstructured data like typos and physician notetaking styles. Combining structured registry data with text mining of clinical notes enables public health monitoring through pharmacovigilance and discovery of new adverse drug reactions.
Medical data mining can analyze both structured and unstructured data from Danish healthcare registries and electronic health records. These extensive sources contain data on patients' diagnoses, hospital visits, medications, and free-text clinical notes. Researchers have used this data to study disease trajectories, comorbidities, and potential adverse drug reactions through statistical analysis and text mining techniques. However, accounting for confounding factors, reporting biases, and "unknown unknowns" poses challenges to obtaining accurate insights from such complex real-world data.
Data and text mining of electronic health recordsLars Juhl Jensen
The document discusses data and text mining of electronic health records from Denmark to study disease trajectories, comorbidities, adverse drug reactions, and other topics. It describes the Danish registries which contain data on over 6 million patients and over 68 million records spanning 14 years. Both structured data and unstructured free-text data are analyzed to discover patterns and relationships. Text mining is used to extract information from clinical notes written in Danish. The studies have provided new insights into topics like diagnosis trajectories, drug safety, and precision medicine.
This study analyzed tuberculosis treatment outcomes between 2007-2010 at two private hospitals in Nigeria - Immaculate Heart Catholic Church Hospital and Diocesan Anglican Communion Hospital. It found that Diocesan Anglican Communion Hospital had higher rates of patients receiving the more intensive category 2 treatment and also higher chances of multiple drug resistant TB cases compared to Immaculate Heart Catholic Church Hospital. The study concludes that improving access to gene expert diagnostics and trained healthcare professionals nationwide could help eliminate multiple drug resistant TB cases.
An epileptic seizure that occurs despite antiepileptic drugs that had previously prevented seizures is called a breakthrough seizure. Breakthrough seizures can increase morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Their causes include insufficient dosing, missed doses, provoking factors like stress or drugs, or ongoing epileptic processes. Management involves identifying the etiology, adjusting antiepileptic drug treatment, using newer drugs, and treating the underlying seizures.
Data and text mining of Danish electronic health recordsLars Juhl Jensen
This document discusses data and text mining of Danish electronic health records. It notes that Denmark has established centralized medical registries since 1968. These registries contain data on 6.2 million patients, 45 million admissions, and 119 million diagnoses. Both structured data from registries and unstructured free-text data from medical records are analyzed. Text mining is used to extract information from the free-text data through techniques like dictionary-based coding. Studies have used this data to develop detailed disease profiles, identify adverse drug events, and study diagnosis trajectories and networks. Challenges include dealing with confounding factors and missing or unreported information.
This Medication Use Evaluation reviewed 31 patients who received parenteral nutrition at Palms West Hospital between November 2014 and January 2015. The objectives were to evaluate appropriate use of parenteral nutrition and determine if it was prescribed and used appropriately. The summary found that while parenteral nutrition was appropriately initiated in some patients, it was prescribed for too short a duration in others and in some patients who could have received nutrition orally or enterally. Recommendations included requiring nutrition and GI consults prior to prescribing, prioritizing NPO status, explaining risks to non-critically ill patients, consulting pharmacy during therapy, ordering specialized formulations for diabetics, and monitoring for and treating hyperglycemia.
This document summarizes a research study on cancer screening awareness among patients admitted to a tertiary health care center in Turkey. The study surveyed 400 randomly selected patients using face-to-face interviews in May 2016 about their awareness of cancer screening programs. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Turkey, accounting for 21.1% of deaths. The goal of the study was to investigate cancer screening awareness in the local region to better understand prognosis and survival rates from early detection. Statistical analysis of the survey results was performed using SPSS software.
Balandin and Hemsley's Conversation in Tribute to Joan Sheppard NY July 2019Bronwyn Hemsley
Teacher's College Columbia University New York, presentation in tribute of the impact of Justine Joan Sheppard's work in dysphagia particularly in Australia, India, and Scandinavia (Dysphagia Disorders Survey, Choking Risk Assessment and Pneumonia Risk Assessment). Presentation at Justine Joan Sheppard Memorial Conference, Teacher's College Columbia University New York 27th July 2019 "Dysphagia in Pediatric Populations and Adults with Intellectual Disabilities".
1) A study compared providing early parenteral nutrition (PN) versus late PN to critically ill patients and found that those receiving late PN had shorter ICU stays, lower infection rates, and were more likely to be discharged from the ICU alive within 8 days.
2) Other studies found no benefit and possibly higher mortality for meeting high calorie targets early in the ICU stay compared to lower calorie or trophic enteral nutrition.
3) A subgroup analysis found that tolerating some macronutrient deficit in the first week may decrease the risk of ICU-acquired weakness.
Ashish Pradhan is a medical doctor located in Randolph, NJ who has published extensively in the areas of multiple sclerosis and cardiovascular disease. His publication list includes 10 papers, 7 abstracts, and focuses on evaluating the effectiveness and safety of various multiple sclerosis drugs using large claims databases as well as research into potential drug candidates for conditions like Parkinson's disease. He has ongoing research analyzing long-term safety and effectiveness data on the multiple sclerosis drug fingolimod.
This daily health update email summarizes recent studies on various health topics. A study found that differences in brain structure may help explain increased risk of hallucinations for schizophrenia patients. Rates of sexually transmitted diseases like chlamydia, syphilis and gonorrhea increased for the first time in years, possibly due to less access to clinics. Research links eating breakfast, especially nutritious breakfasts, to better academic performance in students. Exercise can benefit patients with chronic kidney disease by improving quality of life and increasing fitness. Chronic neck pain patients are more likely to develop insomnia, with high pain levels and depression as predictors. Sleeping more on non-work days may increase risks for diabetes and heart disease.
Formulateing research question and hypothesis testingAmna Khairy
This document discusses how to formulate a refined research question and hypothesis. It provides examples of refining broad research questions into more focused questions using the PICO framework. A research question should determine key study details like the population, setting, data, and time period. Well-constructed questions are consistent with standards, produce clear conclusions, and are appropriately broad or narrow in scope. The document also provides examples of how to develop a research hypothesis to accompany a research question by outlining a tentative statement that can be tested.
The document provides a daily health update with summaries of recent studies on various health topics. It includes the following summaries:
1) A study found that mild cognitive impairment affects men and women differently, with females experiencing greater impairment in verbal learning and recall.
2) Salmonella can survive for at least six months in dry foods like cookies and crackers, posing a risk of foodborne illness.
3) A study linked low vitamin D levels with irritable bowel syndrome in many patients.
4) A study on older elite runners found their muscle fibers experienced similar age-related reductions as non-athletes, despite maintaining superior performance.
5) A review found that chiropractic services have been
On the National Cancer Awareness Day (Nov 7), a cancer awareness android app called ONCOTIP was launched in Karnataka. In Aligarh and Agra, the number of sterilization procedures in November doubled compared to the same period last year. A new drug trial started in South Africa that may stop the spread of HIV viruses. Kerala was declared open defecation free, being the third and largest state to achieve this. American researchers invented a painless sensor that can detect blood glucose levels using nano transistors.
This document summarizes a research article that evaluates the therapeutic efficacy of antiretroviral drugs used to clinically manage HIV/AIDS infection. It discusses how protease inhibitors and fusion inhibitors work as potent antiretroviral drugs. However, persistent virus production can still occur due to sub-inhibitory drug levels in infected cells or host immune failure, allowing drug-resistant mutants to emerge and dominate, leading to viral rebound and therapy failure. The review aims to provide knowledge to improve antiretroviral drug administration programs.
Pattern of medical admissions in a tertiary health centre in abakaliki south ...Alexander Decker
This study analyzed 1,247 medical admissions to a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria over one year. The majority of patients (70%) were between ages 30-69. Infectious diseases accounted for 20.45% of admissions, while cardiovascular and neurological disorders each accounted for around 20%. Non-communicable diseases made up 57.02% of cases. There was a higher prevalence of infectious diseases among females and neurological/liver diseases among males. The study found a double burden of both communicable and non-communicable diseases in the region. Health planning efforts should focus on prevention and treatment of the major diseases identified.
Pattern of medical admissions in a tertiary health centre in abakaliki south ...Alexander Decker
This study analyzed 1,247 medical admissions to a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria over one year. The majority of patients (70%) were between ages 30-69. Infectious diseases accounted for 20.45% of admissions, while cardiovascular and neurological disorders each accounted for around 20%. Non-communicable diseases made up 57.02% of cases. There was a double burden of both communicable and non-communicable diseases. Males had a higher prevalence of neurological and liver diseases, while females had more infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS. The study highlights the need for preventative health strategies and health planning to address this significant disease burden.
Pattern of medical admissions in a tertiary health centre in abakaliki south ...Alexander Decker
This study analyzed 1,247 medical admissions to a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria over one year. The majority of patients (70%) were between ages 30-69. Infectious diseases accounted for 20.45% of admissions, while cardiovascular and neurological disorders each accounted for around 20%. Non-communicable diseases made up 57.02% of cases. There was a higher prevalence of infectious diseases among females and neurological/liver diseases among males. The study found a double disease burden of both communicable and non-communicable diseases in the region. Health planning efforts should focus on prevention and addressing the major causes of morbidity identified.
Running head: PICOT 1
PICOT 6
PICOT STATEMENT AND LITERATURE SEARCH
Student’s Name: Idalmis Espinosa
Institutional Affiliation: Grand Canyon University
Date: 04/23/17
EBS PROCESS
The nurses ought to measure the blood pressure of the patients depending on the evidence-based process to ensure accuracy. Accurate measurements are a crucial factor in the effective treatment of diabetes, pediatric and dialysis. The method used to measure the blood pressure in children is different from that employed in adults. In children, the process includes an auscultatory strategy that compares the results with those in the oscillometric tool.
PICOT STATEMENT
P – Population: Children about 8 to 15 years with a clinical diagnosis of diabetes, pediatric and dialysis.
I – Intervention: The subjects will be randomized to have management in different time frames of 2, 4, 6 and eight weeks.
C – Comparison: A standardized subject would be used as a control to make active comparisons. This strategy will help us to minimize effects related to not attending the clinic.
O – Outcome: Changes in the blood pressure and blood sugar level.
T – Time: The outcome would be assessed weekly for eight weeks.
Chavers, B. M., Li, S., Collins, A. J., & Herzog, C. A. (2002). Cardiovascular disease in pediatric chronic dialysis patients. Kidney international.
According to Chavers and the rest, there is little information regarding the mortality rate of the children with diabetes and renal diseases. The study evaluated the mortality rate in children suffering from pediatric chronic dialysis. Children of ages ranging from 2 to 17 years were identified from the data system of the United States Renal Data system. A sum of 1500 children was eligible for the enclosure. 31 percent of the kids developed cardiac related diseases, while the rest developed other conditions that are related to either diabetes or pediatric dialysis. The study concluded that cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of child mortality and morbidity in pediatric chronic dialysis.
Brenner, B. M., Cooper, M. E., & Shahinfar, S. (2001). Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. New England Journal of Medicine.
Brenner et al. contend that nephropathy is the leading source of renal disease. The researchers evaluated the function of the receptor antagonist in the type 2 diabetes patients and nephropathy. A sum of 1500 patients was randomly selected for assessment over the period of 3 years. The receptor antagonist indicated substantial benefits to the renal in the type 2 diabetes patients and nephropathy. The researchers, therefore, concluded that nephropathy could ca ...
This document discusses medical data mining of Danish healthcare registries containing structured and unstructured data from electronic health records. It describes how researchers have used the Danish civil registration system and national registries containing diagnosis and hospital admission data spanning decades to study disease trajectories, comorbidities, and confounding factors. It also explains how natural language processing of free-text clinical notes has allowed identification of adverse drug reactions and new disease associations by linking medications, diagnoses, and symptoms over time despite challenges from unstructured data like typos and physician notetaking styles. Combining structured registry data with text mining of clinical notes enables public health monitoring through pharmacovigilance and discovery of new adverse drug reactions.
Medical data mining can analyze both structured and unstructured data from Danish healthcare registries and electronic health records. These extensive sources contain data on patients' diagnoses, hospital visits, medications, and free-text clinical notes. Researchers have used this data to study disease trajectories, comorbidities, and potential adverse drug reactions through statistical analysis and text mining techniques. However, accounting for confounding factors, reporting biases, and "unknown unknowns" poses challenges to obtaining accurate insights from such complex real-world data.
Data and text mining of electronic health recordsLars Juhl Jensen
The document discusses data and text mining of electronic health records from Denmark to study disease trajectories, comorbidities, adverse drug reactions, and other topics. It describes the Danish registries which contain data on over 6 million patients and over 68 million records spanning 14 years. Both structured data and unstructured free-text data are analyzed to discover patterns and relationships. Text mining is used to extract information from clinical notes written in Danish. The studies have provided new insights into topics like diagnosis trajectories, drug safety, and precision medicine.
This study analyzed tuberculosis treatment outcomes between 2007-2010 at two private hospitals in Nigeria - Immaculate Heart Catholic Church Hospital and Diocesan Anglican Communion Hospital. It found that Diocesan Anglican Communion Hospital had higher rates of patients receiving the more intensive category 2 treatment and also higher chances of multiple drug resistant TB cases compared to Immaculate Heart Catholic Church Hospital. The study concludes that improving access to gene expert diagnostics and trained healthcare professionals nationwide could help eliminate multiple drug resistant TB cases.
An epileptic seizure that occurs despite antiepileptic drugs that had previously prevented seizures is called a breakthrough seizure. Breakthrough seizures can increase morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Their causes include insufficient dosing, missed doses, provoking factors like stress or drugs, or ongoing epileptic processes. Management involves identifying the etiology, adjusting antiepileptic drug treatment, using newer drugs, and treating the underlying seizures.
Data and text mining of Danish electronic health recordsLars Juhl Jensen
This document discusses data and text mining of Danish electronic health records. It notes that Denmark has established centralized medical registries since 1968. These registries contain data on 6.2 million patients, 45 million admissions, and 119 million diagnoses. Both structured data from registries and unstructured free-text data from medical records are analyzed. Text mining is used to extract information from the free-text data through techniques like dictionary-based coding. Studies have used this data to develop detailed disease profiles, identify adverse drug events, and study diagnosis trajectories and networks. Challenges include dealing with confounding factors and missing or unreported information.
This Medication Use Evaluation reviewed 31 patients who received parenteral nutrition at Palms West Hospital between November 2014 and January 2015. The objectives were to evaluate appropriate use of parenteral nutrition and determine if it was prescribed and used appropriately. The summary found that while parenteral nutrition was appropriately initiated in some patients, it was prescribed for too short a duration in others and in some patients who could have received nutrition orally or enterally. Recommendations included requiring nutrition and GI consults prior to prescribing, prioritizing NPO status, explaining risks to non-critically ill patients, consulting pharmacy during therapy, ordering specialized formulations for diabetics, and monitoring for and treating hyperglycemia.
This document summarizes a research study on cancer screening awareness among patients admitted to a tertiary health care center in Turkey. The study surveyed 400 randomly selected patients using face-to-face interviews in May 2016 about their awareness of cancer screening programs. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Turkey, accounting for 21.1% of deaths. The goal of the study was to investigate cancer screening awareness in the local region to better understand prognosis and survival rates from early detection. Statistical analysis of the survey results was performed using SPSS software.
Balandin and Hemsley's Conversation in Tribute to Joan Sheppard NY July 2019Bronwyn Hemsley
Teacher's College Columbia University New York, presentation in tribute of the impact of Justine Joan Sheppard's work in dysphagia particularly in Australia, India, and Scandinavia (Dysphagia Disorders Survey, Choking Risk Assessment and Pneumonia Risk Assessment). Presentation at Justine Joan Sheppard Memorial Conference, Teacher's College Columbia University New York 27th July 2019 "Dysphagia in Pediatric Populations and Adults with Intellectual Disabilities".
1) A study compared providing early parenteral nutrition (PN) versus late PN to critically ill patients and found that those receiving late PN had shorter ICU stays, lower infection rates, and were more likely to be discharged from the ICU alive within 8 days.
2) Other studies found no benefit and possibly higher mortality for meeting high calorie targets early in the ICU stay compared to lower calorie or trophic enteral nutrition.
3) A subgroup analysis found that tolerating some macronutrient deficit in the first week may decrease the risk of ICU-acquired weakness.
Ashish Pradhan is a medical doctor located in Randolph, NJ who has published extensively in the areas of multiple sclerosis and cardiovascular disease. His publication list includes 10 papers, 7 abstracts, and focuses on evaluating the effectiveness and safety of various multiple sclerosis drugs using large claims databases as well as research into potential drug candidates for conditions like Parkinson's disease. He has ongoing research analyzing long-term safety and effectiveness data on the multiple sclerosis drug fingolimod.
This daily health update email summarizes recent studies on various health topics. A study found that differences in brain structure may help explain increased risk of hallucinations for schizophrenia patients. Rates of sexually transmitted diseases like chlamydia, syphilis and gonorrhea increased for the first time in years, possibly due to less access to clinics. Research links eating breakfast, especially nutritious breakfasts, to better academic performance in students. Exercise can benefit patients with chronic kidney disease by improving quality of life and increasing fitness. Chronic neck pain patients are more likely to develop insomnia, with high pain levels and depression as predictors. Sleeping more on non-work days may increase risks for diabetes and heart disease.
Formulateing research question and hypothesis testingAmna Khairy
This document discusses how to formulate a refined research question and hypothesis. It provides examples of refining broad research questions into more focused questions using the PICO framework. A research question should determine key study details like the population, setting, data, and time period. Well-constructed questions are consistent with standards, produce clear conclusions, and are appropriately broad or narrow in scope. The document also provides examples of how to develop a research hypothesis to accompany a research question by outlining a tentative statement that can be tested.
The document provides a daily health update with summaries of recent studies on various health topics. It includes the following summaries:
1) A study found that mild cognitive impairment affects men and women differently, with females experiencing greater impairment in verbal learning and recall.
2) Salmonella can survive for at least six months in dry foods like cookies and crackers, posing a risk of foodborne illness.
3) A study linked low vitamin D levels with irritable bowel syndrome in many patients.
4) A study on older elite runners found their muscle fibers experienced similar age-related reductions as non-athletes, despite maintaining superior performance.
5) A review found that chiropractic services have been
On the National Cancer Awareness Day (Nov 7), a cancer awareness android app called ONCOTIP was launched in Karnataka. In Aligarh and Agra, the number of sterilization procedures in November doubled compared to the same period last year. A new drug trial started in South Africa that may stop the spread of HIV viruses. Kerala was declared open defecation free, being the third and largest state to achieve this. American researchers invented a painless sensor that can detect blood glucose levels using nano transistors.
This document summarizes a research article that evaluates the therapeutic efficacy of antiretroviral drugs used to clinically manage HIV/AIDS infection. It discusses how protease inhibitors and fusion inhibitors work as potent antiretroviral drugs. However, persistent virus production can still occur due to sub-inhibitory drug levels in infected cells or host immune failure, allowing drug-resistant mutants to emerge and dominate, leading to viral rebound and therapy failure. The review aims to provide knowledge to improve antiretroviral drug administration programs.
Pattern of medical admissions in a tertiary health centre in abakaliki south ...Alexander Decker
This study analyzed 1,247 medical admissions to a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria over one year. The majority of patients (70%) were between ages 30-69. Infectious diseases accounted for 20.45% of admissions, while cardiovascular and neurological disorders each accounted for around 20%. Non-communicable diseases made up 57.02% of cases. There was a higher prevalence of infectious diseases among females and neurological/liver diseases among males. The study found a double burden of both communicable and non-communicable diseases in the region. Health planning efforts should focus on prevention and treatment of the major diseases identified.
Pattern of medical admissions in a tertiary health centre in abakaliki south ...Alexander Decker
This study analyzed 1,247 medical admissions to a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria over one year. The majority of patients (70%) were between ages 30-69. Infectious diseases accounted for 20.45% of admissions, while cardiovascular and neurological disorders each accounted for around 20%. Non-communicable diseases made up 57.02% of cases. There was a double burden of both communicable and non-communicable diseases. Males had a higher prevalence of neurological and liver diseases, while females had more infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS. The study highlights the need for preventative health strategies and health planning to address this significant disease burden.
Pattern of medical admissions in a tertiary health centre in abakaliki south ...Alexander Decker
This study analyzed 1,247 medical admissions to a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria over one year. The majority of patients (70%) were between ages 30-69. Infectious diseases accounted for 20.45% of admissions, while cardiovascular and neurological disorders each accounted for around 20%. Non-communicable diseases made up 57.02% of cases. There was a higher prevalence of infectious diseases among females and neurological/liver diseases among males. The study found a double disease burden of both communicable and non-communicable diseases in the region. Health planning efforts should focus on prevention and addressing the major causes of morbidity identified.
Running head: PICOT 1
PICOT 6
PICOT STATEMENT AND LITERATURE SEARCH
Student’s Name: Idalmis Espinosa
Institutional Affiliation: Grand Canyon University
Date: 04/23/17
EBS PROCESS
The nurses ought to measure the blood pressure of the patients depending on the evidence-based process to ensure accuracy. Accurate measurements are a crucial factor in the effective treatment of diabetes, pediatric and dialysis. The method used to measure the blood pressure in children is different from that employed in adults. In children, the process includes an auscultatory strategy that compares the results with those in the oscillometric tool.
PICOT STATEMENT
P – Population: Children about 8 to 15 years with a clinical diagnosis of diabetes, pediatric and dialysis.
I – Intervention: The subjects will be randomized to have management in different time frames of 2, 4, 6 and eight weeks.
C – Comparison: A standardized subject would be used as a control to make active comparisons. This strategy will help us to minimize effects related to not attending the clinic.
O – Outcome: Changes in the blood pressure and blood sugar level.
T – Time: The outcome would be assessed weekly for eight weeks.
Chavers, B. M., Li, S., Collins, A. J., & Herzog, C. A. (2002). Cardiovascular disease in pediatric chronic dialysis patients. Kidney international.
According to Chavers and the rest, there is little information regarding the mortality rate of the children with diabetes and renal diseases. The study evaluated the mortality rate in children suffering from pediatric chronic dialysis. Children of ages ranging from 2 to 17 years were identified from the data system of the United States Renal Data system. A sum of 1500 children was eligible for the enclosure. 31 percent of the kids developed cardiac related diseases, while the rest developed other conditions that are related to either diabetes or pediatric dialysis. The study concluded that cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of child mortality and morbidity in pediatric chronic dialysis.
Brenner, B. M., Cooper, M. E., & Shahinfar, S. (2001). Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. New England Journal of Medicine.
Brenner et al. contend that nephropathy is the leading source of renal disease. The researchers evaluated the function of the receptor antagonist in the type 2 diabetes patients and nephropathy. A sum of 1500 patients was randomly selected for assessment over the period of 3 years. The receptor antagonist indicated substantial benefits to the renal in the type 2 diabetes patients and nephropathy. The researchers, therefore, concluded that nephropathy could ca ...
This document provides biographical and professional information about Dr. Anastasios Manessis, including his education, training, licensure, certifications, appointments, clinical responsibilities, research experience, publications, presentations, and honors. It details his medical career path from obtaining his MD and completing residency in internal medicine and pediatrics, to becoming board certified in endocrinology and holding various teaching and clinical roles in New York.
Dose Escalations In the First Year For CNP = AberrancyPaul Coelho, MD
This study analyzed data from 246 opioid-naive patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain who were prescribed long-term opioids for one year to identify factors associated with opioid dose escalation during the first year of treatment. The study found that 9% of patients experienced a dose escalation of at least 30 mg morphine equivalents over the year. Patients with dose escalation had higher rates of substance use disorders and more frequent non face-to-face outpatient encounters compared to patients without escalation. Differences in demographics like age and race between the groups were not statistically significant.
Background: The success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) depends on a high level of adherence to a life-long regimen of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). Adherence is a concern in children because of factors relating to children such as age, disclosure status of HIV sero- status, and understanding of the medication. Few studies have determined the level of adherence of ART among children since the scale-up of access to ARVs in the study areas. This study was thus undertaken to determine the level of ART adherence among pediatric pat ients at an ART clinic, the reasons for non-adherence, and the factors associated with adherence, according to mothers/caregivers' reports.
The document summarizes a literature review and field research on telemonitoring by Flemish general practitioners. It examines telemonitoring for arterial hypertension, heart failure, and diabetes mellitus. For arterial hypertension, meta-analyses show telemonitoring improves systolic blood pressure by 4-5 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure by 1.5-2.5 mmHg. Telemonitoring may also allow for more timely medication changes. However, its impact on hard clinical endpoints like mortality remains unclear. The literature review on heart failure and diabetes is still ongoing.
Risk of pulmonary aspiration with the outpatient electroconvulsive therapy: C...Ahmed Elaghoury
A case study presented at the 2nd International Brain Stimulation in Barcelona.
Cite as: Gad, M., & Elaghoury, A. (2017). Risk of pulmonary aspiration with the outpatient electroconvulsive therapy: Case report. Brain Stimulation: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation, 10(2), 419.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.244
This study compared patient knowledge, satisfaction, and decision-making preferences regarding liver disease care in the USA, urban China (Beijing), and rural China (Hebei). A survey of 990 patients across the three regions found that mean knowledge and satisfaction scores were highest in the USA, followed by Beijing, and lowest in Hebei. US patients preferred shared decision-making more than Chinese patients, who generally preferred doctors to make decisions. Higher knowledge scores and preferences for shared decision-making correlated with greater satisfaction. Understanding these differences may help improve patient outcomes.
This document summarizes a study that examined mothers' actions and treatment preferences for febrile illnesses in under-five-year-old children in Osun State, Nigeria. 150 mothers of febrile children across 7 health institutions participated in interviews. Results showed that most mothers took initial home care and bought drugs from chemists as a first response. While fever prompted treatment, many mothers lacked knowledge of proper drug dosages. Treatment preferences increased from herbs to chemists to hospitals as lines of treatment. Mothers with lower education were more likely to use herbs initially. The study concluded that training is needed for mothers on appropriate drug use and treatment of febrile illnesses in children.
Introduction: Breast milk is unique and contains the entire nutritional requirement a new born infants needs for the first year of life. Exclusive breastfeeding is defined as the consumption of no other food or liquids except breast milk and drops or syrups consisting of vitamin-mineral supplements or medicines for at least 4 months and if possible the first 6 months of life. The aim of this study was to determine the socio-demographic factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding practice in Imo specialist hospital, Owerri, south-eastern Nigeria.
A SEEMINGLY BENIGN DRUG IN THE SPOTLIGHT: AN EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION TO REDU...Khushboo Gandhi
INTRODUCTION
Overutilization of Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) in hospitalized patients is a well-recognized problem. In our previous study at St. Luke’s Hospital, we found that the lack of published guidelines for PPI use in non-critically ill patients results in overutilization of PPI in hospitalized patients. We conducted an educational intervention program to address this problem.
DISCUSSION
Overutilization of PPI in non-critically ill hospitalized patients is a known problem in medical practice. Use of PPI has been implicated in number of adverse consequences including but not limited to Clostridium difficile infection, pneumonia, and osteoporosis. In recent studies, PPI was found to be associated with increased in-hospital mortality, increased risk of cardiovascular events, dementia and chronic renal failure (CRF). We studied the magnitude of the problem in our hospital and employed an educational intervention program, which resulted in a significant reduction of inappropriate use of PPI in the hospital.
There were several limitations to our study. This was a retrospective study where we noted a lack of proper documentation for outpatient use of PPI. We also were unable to precisely determine for how long the patients were taking PPI as outpatients. Our intervention included only medical residents (a total of 41), so we excluded data from NPs, hospitalists or PCPs after intervention. As a result, we are unable to determine the effect of the educational intervention on their practice.
CONCLUSION
PPIs have long been considered as relatively harmless drugs. In recent years, it has been implicated in several adverse effects that increases patient morbidity and mortality along with increased healthcare expenditure. Our data shows that proper education and ongoing surveillance, especially during admission and discharge can significantly reduce overutilization of PPI.
Background and aims: Hypothyroid patients are usually follow-up in internal diseases with endocrinology and metabolism clinics in Turkey. The aim in this study is to determine the differences between these two clinics in terms of reaching the target.
Influence of patient counseling on medication adherence in epileptic patientsSriramNagarajan17
This study examined the effects of patient counseling on medication adherence among 250 epileptic patients in Erode district, India over 6 months. The study found that treatment effectiveness increased to 70-85% in children and 60-75% in males and females after patient counseling. Adherence was lower in females potentially due to adverse drug effects and non-adherence. The study concluded that proper patient counseling and education are important for improving therapy for epileptic patients by enhancing communication between physicians and patients/caregivers.
Background: Although the effect of psychological stress on asthma has long been suggested, there is little evidence regarding asthma symptoms such as wheezing in relation to perceived stress in adolescents
O Biostatistics is the application of statistics to biological and medical data. It plays an integral role in modern medicine by analyzing data to determine treatment efficacy and develop clinical trials. A landmark study in biostatistics was the Framingham Heart Study, which through longitudinal data collection and analysis identified major risk factors for cardiovascular disease and influenced our current understanding of heart disease as a leading cause of death. Biostatistics obtains, analyzes, and interprets quantitative medical data to further human health.
This journal article review summarizes a research article that evaluated patient referral patterns within the primary healthcare system in Ethiopia. The study found that 28% of 796 patients sought prior care before arriving at their current facility, while only 9.9% were formally referred. Many patients bypassed lower levels of care to access hospital services directly. This suggests weaknesses in the referral system that could be addressed through health education programs and strengthening community-based services. The review discusses limitations of the study and opportunities for future research on clinical appropriateness and improving utilization of primary healthcare facilities in Ethiopia.
Similar to autoimmune-disease-budget-buster-or-enlightened-solutions (20)
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark UniverseSérgio Sacani
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Abstract: Reproducibility (aka determinism in some cases) constitutes a fundamental aspect in various fields of computer science, such as floating-point computations in numerical analysis and simulation, concurrency models in parallelism, reproducible builds for third parties integration and packaging, and containerization for execution environments. These concepts, while pervasive across diverse concerns, often exhibit intricate inter-dependencies, making it challenging to achieve a comprehensive understanding. In this short and vision paper we delve into the application of software engineering techniques, specifically variability management, to systematically identify and explicit points of variability that may give rise to reproducibility issues (eg language, libraries, compiler, virtual machine, OS, environment variables, etc). The primary objectives are: i) gaining insights into the variability layers and their possible interactions, ii) capturing and documenting configurations for the sake of reproducibility, and iii) exploring diverse configurations to replicate, and hence validate and ensure the robustness of results. By adopting these methodologies, we aim to address the complexities associated with reproducibility and replicability in modern software systems and environments, facilitating a more comprehensive and nuanced perspective on these critical aspects.
https://hal.science/hal-04582287
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
BIRDS DIVERSITY OF SOOTEA BISWANATH ASSAM.ppt.pptxgoluk9330
Ahota Beel, nestled in Sootea Biswanath Assam , is celebrated for its extraordinary diversity of bird species. This wetland sanctuary supports a myriad of avian residents and migrants alike. Visitors can admire the elegant flights of migratory species such as the Northern Pintail and Eurasian Wigeon, alongside resident birds including the Asian Openbill and Pheasant-tailed Jacana. With its tranquil scenery and varied habitats, Ahota Beel offers a perfect haven for birdwatchers to appreciate and study the vibrant birdlife that thrives in this natural refuge.
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDSSérgio Sacani
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
SDSS1335+0728: The awakening of a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole⋆Sérgio Sacani
Context. The early-type galaxy SDSS J133519.91+072807.4 (hereafter SDSS1335+0728), which had exhibited no prior optical variations during the preceding two decades, began showing significant nuclear variability in the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) alert stream from December 2019 (as ZTF19acnskyy). This variability behaviour, coupled with the host-galaxy properties, suggests that SDSS1335+0728 hosts a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole (BH) that is currently in the process of ‘turning on’. Aims. We present a multi-wavelength photometric analysis and spectroscopic follow-up performed with the aim of better understanding the origin of the nuclear variations detected in SDSS1335+0728. Methods. We used archival photometry (from WISE, 2MASS, SDSS, GALEX, eROSITA) and spectroscopic data (from SDSS and LAMOST) to study the state of SDSS1335+0728 prior to December 2019, and new observations from Swift, SOAR/Goodman, VLT/X-shooter, and Keck/LRIS taken after its turn-on to characterise its current state. We analysed the variability of SDSS1335+0728 in the X-ray/UV/optical/mid-infrared range, modelled its spectral energy distribution prior to and after December 2019, and studied the evolution of its UV/optical spectra. Results. From our multi-wavelength photometric analysis, we find that: (a) since 2021, the UV flux (from Swift/UVOT observations) is four times brighter than the flux reported by GALEX in 2004; (b) since June 2022, the mid-infrared flux has risen more than two times, and the W1−W2 WISE colour has become redder; and (c) since February 2024, the source has begun showing X-ray emission. From our spectroscopic follow-up, we see that (i) the narrow emission line ratios are now consistent with a more energetic ionising continuum; (ii) broad emission lines are not detected; and (iii) the [OIII] line increased its flux ∼ 3.6 years after the first ZTF alert, which implies a relatively compact narrow-line-emitting region. Conclusions. We conclude that the variations observed in SDSS1335+0728 could be either explained by a ∼ 106M⊙ AGN that is just turning on or by an exotic tidal disruption event (TDE). If the former is true, SDSS1335+0728 is one of the strongest cases of an AGNobserved in the process of activating. If the latter were found to be the case, it would correspond to the longest and faintest TDE ever observed (or another class of still unknown nuclear transient). Future observations of SDSS1335+0728 are crucial to further understand its behaviour. Key words. galaxies: active– accretion, accretion discs– galaxies: individual: SDSS J133519.91+072807.4
2. CASE REPORT
Factors Associated with Medication Adherence among
hypertensive Patients in a Tertiary Health Center: A
Cross-Sectional Study
Ezeala-Adikaibe BA*, Mbadiwe N, Okudo G, Nwosu N, Nwobodo N,
Onyebueke G, Nwobodo M, Nnaji T, Okafor UH, Orjioke C, Okpara T,
Aneke E, Chime P, Okwara CC, Ekochin F, Ezeme, Eze G and Abonyi
*Corresponding author: Ezeala-Adikaibe BA, Department of
Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, PMB 01129 Enugu,
Nigeria,
Dates: Received: 16 January, 2017;; Accepted: 23 March, 2017;
Published: 24 March, 2017
Citation: Ezeala-Adikaibe BA, Mbadiwe N, Okudo G, Nwosu N,
Nwobodo N (2017) Factors Associated with Medication Adherence
among hypertensive Patients in a Tertiary Health Center: A Cross-
Sectional Study. Arch Community Med Public Health 3(1): 024-031.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000021
3. Abstract
Introduction: Medication non-adherence is a major hindrance
in the treatment of hypertension in Sub Saharan Africa. It is a
major modifi able contributor to poor blood pressure control
and complications of the disorder. An understanding of the
factors that are associated with drug adherence in
hypertension will contribute positively to the overall planning
of public health educational programs on hypertension.
Methods: This study was cross sectional and descriptive in
nature conducted in the medical outpatient clinic of Enugu
State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu Nigeria. Data
collection was done using a semi-structured questionnaire.
The Morinsky-Green Medication adherence scale was used to
estimate medication adherence. Statistical analyses was done
using SPSS version 22 (IBM Corporation, New York, USA).
4. Thank you
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