Savants are non-neurotypical persons with extraordinary islands of genius. These abilities usually stands in jarring justaposition to their overall mental handicap. This begs the question of how much untapped potential is earthed within neurotypical persons.
Savants are non-neurotypical persons with extraordinary islands of genius. These abilities usually stands in jarring justaposition to their overall mental handicap. This begs the question of how much untapped potential is earthed within neurotypical persons.
An Augmented Reality GameBook for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)Jorge Brandão
Technologies, like augmented reality (AR), have the ability to catch children’s imagination and to promote their attention.
Children with ASD usually have difficulty to recognize facial expressions and to understand associated emotions.
We propose to design and develop an innovative GameBook to assist children with ASD to recognize and acquire emotions by engaging their attention and motivation.
The GameBook will contain a story that describe some scenarios and real world situations which will conduct the children to become involved on fictional contents associated with emotions.
Virtual and Augmented Reality in HealthcareGary Monk
An overview of some of the latest examples of where Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality and Mixed Reality are impacting healthcare in a dramatic way. There are numerous examples across a range of conditions.
Note: A number of these examples are featured in more detail in the health section of the following book:
The Fourth Transformation: How Augmented Reality & Artificial Intelligence Will Change Everything (Scoble & Israel)
Come ogni nuova convergenza tecnologica l''Augmented Reality ridefinisce l'esperienza del corpo attraverso lo spazio e lo spazio attraverso i codici. Il buzz che circonda l'AR individua oggi un punto di convergenza tra tecnologie mature, sovraccarico delle potenzialità del presente.
O R I G I N A L P A P E RSavant Syndrome Realities, Myths.docxhopeaustin33688
O R I G I N A L P A P E R
Savant Syndrome: Realities, Myths and Misconceptions
Darold A. Treffert
Published online: 6 August 2013
� Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
Abstract It was 126 years ago that Down first described
savant syndrome as a specific condition and 70 years ago
that Kanner first described Early Infantile Autism. While as
many as one in ten autistic persons have savant abilities,
such special skills occur in other CNS conditions as well
such that approximately 50 % of cases of savant syndrome
have autism as the underlying developmental disability and
50 % are associated with other disabilities. This paper sorts
out realities from myths and misconceptions about both
savant syndrome and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) that
have developed through the years. The reality is that low
IQ is not necessarily an accompaniment of savant syn-
drome; in some cases IQ can be superior. Also, savants can
be creative, rather than just duplicative, and the skills
increase over time on a continuum from duplication, to
improvisation to creation, rather than diminishing or sud-
denly disappearing. Genius and prodigy exist separate from
savant syndrome and not all such highly gifted persons
have Asperger’s Disorder. This paper also emphasizes the
critical importance of separating ‘autistic-like’ symptoms
from ASD especially in children when the savant ability
presents as hyperlexia (children who read early) or as
Einstein syndrome (children who speak late), or have
impaired vision (Blindisms) because prognosis and out-
come are very different when that careful distinction is
made. In those cases the term ‘outgrowing autism’ might
be mistakenly applied when in fact the child did not have
ASD in the first place.
Keywords Savant syndrome � Autism � Autism
spectrum disorder � Hyperlexia � Einstein syndrome
Realities
Savant Syndrome Defined
Savant syndrome is a rare but spectacular condition in
which persons with developmental disabilities, including
but not limited to autism, or other CNS disorders or disease
have some spectacular ‘islands of genius’ that stand in
jarring juxtaposition to overall limitations. (Treffert 2010)
The condition can be present from birth and evident in
early childhood (congenital) or develop later in life after
CNS injury or disease (acquired). It affects males 4–6 times
more frequently than females. Typically the skills occur in
five general areas—music, art, calendar calculating,
mathematics or mechanical/visual-spatial skills. Other
skills occur less frequently including language (polyglot),
unusual sensory discrimination, athletics or outstanding
knowledge in specific fields such as neurophysiology, sta-
tistics, navigation or computers, for example. Skills are
usually single skills, but multiple skills can occur as well.
Whatever the skill it is always associated with massive
memory of a habit or procedural type—very narrow but
exceedingly deep within the .
An Augmented Reality GameBook for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)Jorge Brandão
Technologies, like augmented reality (AR), have the ability to catch children’s imagination and to promote their attention.
Children with ASD usually have difficulty to recognize facial expressions and to understand associated emotions.
We propose to design and develop an innovative GameBook to assist children with ASD to recognize and acquire emotions by engaging their attention and motivation.
The GameBook will contain a story that describe some scenarios and real world situations which will conduct the children to become involved on fictional contents associated with emotions.
Virtual and Augmented Reality in HealthcareGary Monk
An overview of some of the latest examples of where Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality and Mixed Reality are impacting healthcare in a dramatic way. There are numerous examples across a range of conditions.
Note: A number of these examples are featured in more detail in the health section of the following book:
The Fourth Transformation: How Augmented Reality & Artificial Intelligence Will Change Everything (Scoble & Israel)
Come ogni nuova convergenza tecnologica l''Augmented Reality ridefinisce l'esperienza del corpo attraverso lo spazio e lo spazio attraverso i codici. Il buzz che circonda l'AR individua oggi un punto di convergenza tra tecnologie mature, sovraccarico delle potenzialità del presente.
O R I G I N A L P A P E RSavant Syndrome Realities, Myths.docxhopeaustin33688
O R I G I N A L P A P E R
Savant Syndrome: Realities, Myths and Misconceptions
Darold A. Treffert
Published online: 6 August 2013
� Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
Abstract It was 126 years ago that Down first described
savant syndrome as a specific condition and 70 years ago
that Kanner first described Early Infantile Autism. While as
many as one in ten autistic persons have savant abilities,
such special skills occur in other CNS conditions as well
such that approximately 50 % of cases of savant syndrome
have autism as the underlying developmental disability and
50 % are associated with other disabilities. This paper sorts
out realities from myths and misconceptions about both
savant syndrome and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) that
have developed through the years. The reality is that low
IQ is not necessarily an accompaniment of savant syn-
drome; in some cases IQ can be superior. Also, savants can
be creative, rather than just duplicative, and the skills
increase over time on a continuum from duplication, to
improvisation to creation, rather than diminishing or sud-
denly disappearing. Genius and prodigy exist separate from
savant syndrome and not all such highly gifted persons
have Asperger’s Disorder. This paper also emphasizes the
critical importance of separating ‘autistic-like’ symptoms
from ASD especially in children when the savant ability
presents as hyperlexia (children who read early) or as
Einstein syndrome (children who speak late), or have
impaired vision (Blindisms) because prognosis and out-
come are very different when that careful distinction is
made. In those cases the term ‘outgrowing autism’ might
be mistakenly applied when in fact the child did not have
ASD in the first place.
Keywords Savant syndrome � Autism � Autism
spectrum disorder � Hyperlexia � Einstein syndrome
Realities
Savant Syndrome Defined
Savant syndrome is a rare but spectacular condition in
which persons with developmental disabilities, including
but not limited to autism, or other CNS disorders or disease
have some spectacular ‘islands of genius’ that stand in
jarring juxtaposition to overall limitations. (Treffert 2010)
The condition can be present from birth and evident in
early childhood (congenital) or develop later in life after
CNS injury or disease (acquired). It affects males 4–6 times
more frequently than females. Typically the skills occur in
five general areas—music, art, calendar calculating,
mathematics or mechanical/visual-spatial skills. Other
skills occur less frequently including language (polyglot),
unusual sensory discrimination, athletics or outstanding
knowledge in specific fields such as neurophysiology, sta-
tistics, navigation or computers, for example. Skills are
usually single skills, but multiple skills can occur as well.
Whatever the skill it is always associated with massive
memory of a habit or procedural type—very narrow but
exceedingly deep within the .
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Autism Awareness
2. Autistic Savantis an individual with an “unusual gift or an outstanding skill or
knowledge clearly above their general level of ability and above the
population norm”. – Darold A Treffert, M.D.
Approx.10% of people with autism are savants of some degree. Savant also
appears in other developmental disabilities, and those with absolutely no
handicaps. About 50% of persons with savant skills have Autistic Disorder.
SAVANT SKILLS:
‘Splinter skills’ - hobbies, most common.
‘Talented skills’ - specialized on intellectual level.
‘Prodigious skills’ - most intellectually exceptional.
Approximately 100 prodigious savants worldwide.
EXAMPLES: music, art, math, language, memory
FACT: over the past century and currently, many
musical savants are both blind and Autistic.
3. The brain involves two hemispheres: left & right. Between the two is a thick
band of nerve fibers called the corpus callosum. Left hemisphere (left brain)
involves more logical, processing, & interpretation skills. Right brain favors
intuition, memory, creativity..
Through CT and MRI scans done on those with savant syndrome, it is shown
that the right hemisphere is compensating for a deficiency or lack of skill in
the left hemisphere. 1 of 5 senses is given attention in each savant. This will
better determine their special skill. Example: enhanced vision could result in
immaculate memory.
5. Tony is an autistic savant with great musical
abilities and was diagnosed with autism
and mental retardation. He is also blind.
He can play 20 different musical
instruments and graduated from the
Berklee College of Music.
Tony’s blindness occurred as a result of
oxygen therapy that kept him alive as a
premature infant born three months early.
6.
7. After a CT scan it was found Tony has
“mild cerebral atrophy to the left
hemisphere”. He has a normal amount of
tissue in the right brain and decreased
amount in the left brain.
Like most savants, the right hemisphere
has to make up for the left hemisphere.
Tony has a prestigious right hemisphere
skill (music) along with remarkably
enhanced habit memory giving him great
musical abilities.
8.
9. MYTH: People with Savant Syndrome have a low IQ
TRUTH: Majority of savants have an IQ between 50 & 70, as high as 114.
IQ does notdetermine Savant Syndrome one way or the other.
Tests are mainly used for academic testing and use a lot of verbal testing. Autism
frequents language deficits. Therefore tests can be low.
“Savant syndrome is a rare but remarkable condition in which people with
developmental disabilities, including autism or other central nervous system
disorders, have some remarkable island of genius that stand in stark contrast to
their overall handicap.” – Darold A. Treffert, M.D.
10. He suffers from a childhood brain injury.
Alonzo can not tie his shoes or feed himself.
Has an IQ of somewhere between 45-50.
He can replicate a 3D model of almost any
creature after looking at it for a brief section.
11.
12. After MRI scans, there is not much shown
compared to most head injuries
There are a few white spots that indicate
where there is no oxygen getting to the brain
No major abnormalities are visible
Dr. Reeve’s, a psychologist that did Alonzo’s
first brain scan, believes the head injury
changed something in his motor cortex
13. It is responsible for the planning, control, and
execution of voluntary movements.
Damage to this would explain why he can not feed
himself or tie his shoes.
He is able to take visuals of animals and use his
motor cortex and sculpt these animals.
Where it might have harmed him in way, it gave him
an amazing ability.
14. • Some savants have more than one special skill.
• Most savants have right – brain activity skills.
• The CT, MRI, and PET studies show damage to
the left hemisphere, which can come from
prenatal, perinatal and postnatal causes.
• The assumed action is that the damage in the
left hemisphere is linked with corresponding
damage to the higher-level cognitive memory
circuitry. Thus, the lower-level procedural
memory (or ‘habit’) compensates for the
damage and loss
• This explains why autistic savants are often
habitually active in right brained skills.