Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a structural heart defect present at birth, affecting up to 9 in every 1,000 babies. CHD is classified into acyanotic and cyanotic types, with various conditions under each category, and its causes are often multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors. Treatment options vary based on the type of CHD and may include observation, surgery, medical management, or cardiac transplantation.

1. congenital HEART
DISEASE

2. CONGENITAL HEART
DISEASE
A Congenital Heart Disease(CHD), also
known as a congenital heart anomaly
or congenital heart defect, is a problem in
the structure of the heart that is present at
birth. Congenital heart disease is one of the
most common types of birth defects,
affecting up to 9 in every 1,000 babies
born.

4. CLASSIFICATION
According to arterial oxygen saturation
congenital heart diseases are classified into
two main categories:
Acyanotic CHD- Normal arterial oxygen
saturation
Cyanotic CHD- Reduced arterial oxygen
saturated

5. VARIOUS ACYANOTIC
CHD
Ventricular septal defect(VSD)
Atrial septal defect(ASD)
Patent ductus arteriosus()PSD
Coarctation of aorta
Pulmonary stenosis

6. VARIOUS CYANOTIC
CHD
Tetrology of fallot
Transposition of great arteries
Tricuspid atresia
Truncus arteriosus
Total anomalies pulmonary venous drainage
Hypoplastic left or right heart

7. FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO
CHD
85 to 90% of cases, there is no identifiable
cause for the heart defect. Generally
considered to be caused by the multifactorial
inheritance.
Factors are usually both genetic and
environmental, where a combination of genes
from both parents.
Maternal factors.

8. SYMPTOMS
Poor feeding
Low birth weight
Dizziness
Excessive sweating
Swelling in the hands,
Ankles or feet

9. TREATMENT
This is depend on the type of the C.H.D.
No treatment (observation and
reassurance)
Surgical treatment (palliative or curative).
Cardiac transplant or lung heart transplant
Medical treatment (antifailure,
antiarythmaic etc.,)
Artificial heart valves

10. Chest X-Ray
Echocardiography
Cardiac catheterization
Echocardiography
Systolic pulmonary flow murmur
DIAGNOSIS

11. Avoid pregnancy above age of 38
year.
Avoid smoking.
Avoid alcohol.
Avoid exposure to radiation.
Avoid drugs intake before medical
consultation.
Vaccination of all childbearing
women for rubella.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES

12. THANK YOU