The document presents a comprehensive overview of the ausforming process, a type of hardening process that integrates various heat treatment methods to enhance material properties. It explains fundamental concepts of heat treatment, types of ausforming, process variables, and provides a case study highlighting the effectiveness of ausforming in increasing material strength and ductility. Additionally, it outlines the advantages and applications of ausforming in various industries.

1. AUSFORMING
P R E S E N T E D B Y:
Snehal Chaudhari 22020092 253064
Nikhil Nagdev 22020291 253070
Shubham Bhojane 22020154 253072
Tanmay Barge 22020171 253073
SCE PRESENTATION
ON
Under guidance of
Prof. (M.s) S. V. Dravid
BRACT’S, Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology, Pune-48

2. Content:
1. Heat Treatment
2. Types of heat treatment
3. Ausforming
4. How it is done
5. Types of ausforming process
6. Ausforming process variables
7. Case Study of ausforming process
8. Advantages
9. Applications

3. So our topic is ausforming which is a hardening process, well before going into deep let’s dig
some basics.
Heat Treatment What is?
So heat treatment is basically heating and cooling of a “manufactured material” to obtain the
desired properties of materials.
The temperature up to which the material can be heated depends upon the type of material
and after heating the main process i.e. cooling is done. In heat treatment the cooling is like
art. How the cooling is done will defines the properties of materials. During cooling the
micro structure get’s changed which results in change in physical properties.
Important terms in heat treatment:
1. Soaking: During cooling the material is maintained at constant temperature for some time,
the process called as soaking, and the time for which it maintained at constant temperature is
called soaking time.
2. Quenching: For cooling sometimes water or oil is used as cooling medium, so keeping of
material in such kind of cooling medium called as quenching.

4. Heat treatment
Annealing
In annealing the temperature is
maintained at constant temperature
and then cooled inside the furnace
due to which the cooling rate is very
slow.
(Increase ductility, remove thermal
stresses and reduce hardness)
Normalizing
In normalizing the temperature
is increased and soaked for
some time then it is cooled in
air.
(Gives strength and hardness to
material and also remove
internal stresses)
Hardening
In hardening after increasing temperature
and soaking the material is directly
quenched in oil bath or water bath.
(It increases hardness of material but
makes the material brittle)
Tempering
Tempering is done after hardening. In this
the material is heated to lower
temperature soaked and then cooled in air
(it maintains the required hardness of
material and increase its ductility)

5. Annealing
Normalizing
Hardening
TTT Curve showing different heat treatment process

6. Temperature bands for heat treatment process

7. Ausforming
Now coming to our main discussion point “Ausforming”, which is basically a type of
hardening process which integrates tempering, rapid cooling, deforming and quenching.
It is a modified steel heat treatment process in which plastic deformation of metastable austenite
is done.
In the ausforming process first the material is heated to a particular temperature (generally
above Ac3 line), soaked at that temperature for some time then the material is rapidly cooled
below nose of TTT curve. After cooling up to particular temperature the mechanical work is
done on material by forging and rolling, the temperature is maintained constant during
mechanical working. Then again it is cooled. The water or salt bath is used as quenching /
cooling medium.
How ausforming process is done?

8. Ausforming Process on TTT curve

9. Types of ausforming process
1. HTMT ausforming process
In this the deformation is done at high
temperature mainly above Ac1 and Ac3 line, due
to which it is called as higher temperature
mechanical treatment ausforming process.
2. LTMT ausforming process
In this the deformation is done at Low
temperature mainly below Ac1 and Ac3 line, due
to which it is called as lower temperature
mechanical treatment ausforming process.

10. Ausforming process variables
1. Austenitizing temperature: It should be as low as possible just to obtain stable
austenite without causing grain growth, this results in finer structure. If the austenitizing
temperature is kept high it causes the problem of oxidation.
2. Rate of cooling from Austenitizing temperature to deformation temperature:
It should be enough to avoid the formation of ferrite during cooling. Even the
cooling from deformation temperature to room temperature should be fast enough
to avoid the formation of bainite.

11. Ausforming process variables
3. Temperature of deformation: You can see in diagram as the temperature of
deformation is lowered, more is the strain hardening of austenite which results in higher
strength after ausforming. The temperature should at least be low enough not to allow
recovery and recrystallization.

12. Ausforming process variables
4. Amount of Deformation: The graph shows the relation between the deformation and
the strength of material. The more the deformation is carried on material the more strength
is obtained.

13. Case study of Ausforming process
Condition
Brinell
Hardness
value
Compression
strength
Yield
strength
Fatigue
strength
Sample
Without
Ausforming
301 1447 689 0.46
With
Ausforming
356 1671 960 0.58

14. Advantages of ausforming process
1. It increases the compressive as well as the yield strength of material
2. It provides some ductility to alloy steel
3. It makes material with finer grains
4. Increase the harness of material
5. It increase wear resistance properties.
6. It improves fatigue strength of material

15. Applications of Ausforming Process
1. Vehicle suspension system
2. Torsion bars
3. Coil springs
4. Punches
5. Dies
6. Cutting tools
7. Shears
8. High strength bolts
9. Aircraft parts such as landing gears, high strength forgings and structural
panels
10.Agricultural parts and earth moving equipment's.

16. Conclusion
• It may be concluded from the above discussions, that ausforming is a
highly effective means of achieving high strength, improved fatigue
strength, superior fracture toughness and greater wear steels, as well
provide good ductility.

17. Reference's
Material Science And Metallurgy For Engineers by V.D.Kodgire
https://www.slideshare.net/
https://www.youtube.com/
https://www.engineeringenotes.com

18. Thank You
Thank You