2. Definition
Any device or piece of equipment that is used
to help present information on a subject by
stimulating a response. May be a sight or sound
device ; May be a combination of these
8. Audio-Visual aids
Audio-Visual aids are those which can be
heard as well seen simultaneously.
Eg: Television, Films, Projected aids,
CCTV etc
9. Advantages
•
•
•
T.V appeals to eyes, ear and emotion
It can directly show current
happening and live shows even in
remote areas
Clarify subject matter
10. Flip Chart:
•
•
•
Inexpensive
Easy to prepare and make changes
No special lighting
Advantages
•
•
•
Charts get dirty wnd ragged with use
Class size limited
Attached art work may not roll up easily
Disadvantages
Flip
Chart
11. Poster
•
•
•
Wide range of illustrative techniques can be used
Permanent record
Reusable
Advantages
•
•
•
Repeated use can cause poster to break
Difficult to make changes
Bulky
Disadvantages
12. Photographic Slides:
•
•
•
Can be easily rearranged
Permanent and easy to handle and carry
Can be easily duplicated
Advantages
•
•
•
Room needs to be dark
Equipment may fail
Requires set up time and testing
Disadvantages
Photo Slides
graphic
13. Overhead Projector
•
•
•
Easy to prepare and modify
Inexpensive
Permanent and reusable
Advantages
•
•
•
May require darkened room
Projection may change if not set up properly
Projection equipment may not be available
Disadvantages
14. Audio Recordings
•
•
•
Easy to use and provides a permanent, reusable record.
Can record real episodes
Portable
Advantages
• Only provides oral portion of an episode
not the visual
Disadvantages
15. Videotape
•
•
•
Instant replay of subject material
Permanent and reusable
Allows both audio and visual to be recorded
Advantages
•
•
•
Requies practice
May be bulky to handle all the equipment
May distract students while they are being
video taped
Disadvantages
16. Models
•
•
•
Having the real thing in the classroom
Permanent and reusable
Adds realism to training instruction
Advantages
•
•
•
Expensive
Can require skill to use
Require time to prepare
Disadvantages
17. Demonstrations
•
•
•
Good for skill training
In depth knowledge of task
Allows interaction between instructor and
trainee
Advantages
•
•
•
Time consuming
Low student to instructor ratio
Needs extra equipment
Disadvantages
18. Computer Presentations
•
•
•
Permanent and reusable
Easy and inexpensive
Handouts can be made directly from the
slides
Advantages
•
•
May require darkened room
Knowledge and skills are required to produce
and perform
Disadvantages
20. The main Features of Radio
It is an auditory
medium. Sounds must
be pleasant, simple,
easy to understand
A
A
The procedure mixes
his/her voice with
music and sound
effects
B
B
Microphone is the only
instrument through
which a broadcaster
speaks to his
listeners
C
C
A broadcaster must
imagine as if the
listeners, are
listening from the
sound box
D
D
Medium of Sound Medium of Voice
Link between
Speaker and
Listeners
Intimate Medium
21. The main Features of Radio
Radio is a medium of
mass communication.It
reaches hundreds and
thousands in one go
E
E
The language of radio
broadcasts must be simple
and should be closer to
spoken language
F
F
It is a mobile medium
and convenient for
anybody
G
G
It can report the
events almost
instantly and is much
cheaper than TV
H
H
Mass Medium Simple Language Mobile Medium Cheap and Quick
24. Types of Cinema
1. Commercial
Cinema- It primarily
aims at providing
entertainment to
the people.
2.Art Cinema-It is
more realistic and
relevant to the
needs of the people
and society
