Mahasiswi IPI Garut

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2. Group 7
• Rifa Endang K. W. (16223026)
• Anggita Ramdaniyati N. I. (16223036)
3B

3. Outline
1. Hearing and Listening
2. Developing Listening Skills
3. Audio Formats
4. Producing Class Materials on Cassette Tapes
5. Duplicating and Editing Audiotapes
6. Selecting Audio Materials
7. Utilizing Audio Materials
8. Require Learner Participation
9. Evaluate and Revise

4. Hearing and Listening
• Hearing is a process in which sound waves entering the outer ear are
transmitted to the eardrum, converted into mechanical vibrations in the
middle ear, and changed in the inner ear into electrical impluses that travel
to the brain.
• The psychological process of listening begins with someone’s awareness of
and attention to sounds or speech patterns (receiving), proceeds through
identification and recognition of specific auditory signals (decoding), and
ends in comprehension (understanding).

5. Developing Listening Skills
Hearing is the foundation of listening. Therefore, you should first determine whether all
of your students can hear normally. Most systems regularly use speech and hearing
therapists to administer audiometric hearing tests to provide the data you need.
Technique to improve student listening abilities:
• Guide listening.
• Give direction.
• Ask students to listen for
main ideas, details, or
inferences.
• Use context in listening.
• Analyze the structure of a
presentation.
• Distinguish between
relevant and irrelevant
information.

6. Audio Formats
1.Audiotapes
2.Compact Discs
3.Mp3

7. Audiotapes
The major advantages of
audiotape that you can record
your own tapes easily and
economically, and when the
content becomes outdated or
no longer useful, you can
erase the magnetic signal on
the tape and reuse it.

8. Compact Discs
The technology of the CD
makes it an attractive
addition to education
programs. Users can quickly
locate selections on the disc
and can program them to
play any desired sequence.

9. MP3 (MPEG Audio Layer 3)
is an audio compression
format that makes large
audio files available by
shrinking them inton a
smaller files that can
quickly and easily be
captured on the Internet.

10. Advantages of MP3
• Inexpensive
• Readily available and simple to
use.
• Reproducible.
• Provides verbal message for
nonreaders.
• Ideal for teaching foreign
languages.
• Stimulating.
• Repeatable.
• Portable.
• Ease of lesson preparation
• Selections easy to locate
• Resistance to damage.

11. Limitations of MP3
• Fixed sequence.
• Doesn’t monitor attention.
• Difficulty in pacing.
• Difficulty in locating segment.
• Potential for accidental erasure.

12. Intergration of MP3
The uses of audio media are limited only by the imagination of you and your
students. You can use audio media in all phases of instruction-from introduction of a
topic to evaluation of student learning. Perhaps the most rapidly growing general use
of audio media today is in the area of self-paced instruction.

13. Producing Class Materials on Cassette Tapes
• Students can use cassette tapes for gathering oral histories and
preparing oral book reports.
• The teachers can prepare tapes for use in direct instruction, as illustrated
by the vocational-technical school example referred to later in this
section.

14. Duplicating and Editing Audiotapes
1. The Acoustic Method
2. The Electronic Method
3. The High-speed Duplicator Method

15. The acoustic method does
not require any special
equipment, just two
recorders. One recorder
plays the original tape, and
the sound is transferred via
a microphone to a blank
tape on the recorder.

16. The Electronic Method
The electronic method
avoids this problem.
The signal travels from
the original tape to the
recorder via an
inexpensive path cord.

17. The high-speed duplicator
method requires a special
machine. Master playback
machines have series of up to
10 “slave units,” each of which
can record a copy of th original
tape at 16 times its normal
speed.

18. Before selecting your audio materials, you should
have analyzed your audience and stated your
objective according to the ASSURE model. Then you
are ready to select, modify, or design you audio
materials.

19. Utilizing Audio Materials
1.Preview the Materials
2.Prepare the Materials
3.Prepare the environment
4.Prepare the learner
5.Provides the Learning Experience

20. Student-Based Utilization
There are times when students will use audio materials for
individual learning and to create their own materials.

21. Require Learner Participation
Before you begin the lesson, determine how to get and keep
your students actively involved. One technique is to give
students a set of questions to answer during the listening.

22. Evaluate and Revise
Determine how effective the audio materials were. You can
gather data by making observations, evaluating test result, or
discussing the experience with students. You may decide to
revise how you use the materials or to modify the materials
themselves.