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Astronomy Class - Class 2.pdf
- 1. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Jyotisha Pravesha Astronomy Relevant to Astrology
- 2. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Names of Days of Week Days of the week Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday (Ravivara) (Somavara) (Kujavara) (Budhavara) (Guruvara) (Shukravara) (Shanivara) Duration of Day : 24 hours (Each hour called as a Hora) Duration of day = Dinamaan Duration of night = Ratrimaan The name of the first Hora (Hour) of the day starting from Sunrise is that of the lord of the day
- 3. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Names of Days of Week The lords of the subsequent Horas go by the following order: Arka Shukra Budha Chandra Manda Jeeva Dharasutha (Sun) (Venus) (Mercury) (Moon) (Saturn) (Jupiter) (Mars) Sun Venus Mercury Moon Saturn Jupiter Mars On a Sunday, first Hora belongs to Sun. 2nd Hora belong to Venus, 3rd Hora to Mercury…… The cycle repeats to complete 24 horas in a day 25th hora lord will the lord of the next day
- 4. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Question (1) • Which is the 8th Hora of Tuesday ? 1st Hora of Tuesday belongs to Mars 2nd Hora belong to Sun 3rd Hora belongs to Venus 4th Hora belong to Mercury 5th Hora belongs to Moon 6th Hora belongs to Saturn 7th Hora belongs to Jupiter 8th Hora belongs to Mars Arka Shukra Budha Chandra Manda Jeeva Dharasutha • There are 7 planets ruling the Horas. • 1 cycle completes in 7 hours • 8th Hora starts from the second cycle. Hence on Tuesday 8th Hora belongs to Mars
- 5. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Question (2) • Which is the 16th Hora on Friday Remove multiples of 7. (Hence removing 14). 15th Hora starts with first Hora of day = Venus 16th Hora belongs to Mercury
- 6. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Practical Calculation • All previous calculations assumed exactly 24 hours a day and 1 Hora to be 1 Hour. In practical purposes its not the case. • Calculate Dinamaan = Sunset – Sunrise Dinmaan / 12 = Duration of 1 Hora during day • Calculate Ratrimaan = Sunset-Next Sunrise Ratrimaan / 12 = Duration of 1 Hora during night Sunrise Sunset Sunset Next Sunrise
- 7. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Question (3): Find out the Hora lord at 7.28 AM on 07-Dec-2021 • Day : Tuesday (Hora Lord Starts with Mars) • Sunrise on 07-Dec-2021 = 6.29 AM • Sunset on 07-Dec-2021 = 5.52 PM (17.52) • Since the hora has to be found out during daytime, calculate Dinmaan = Sunset – Sunrise = 11h 23m • Duration of 1 Hora = Dinamaan/12 = ((11*60)+23)/12 = 56.91 = 56m 55sec = ~ 57 minutes • First Hora : 6.29 AM – 7.26 AM (Mars) • Second Hora : 7.26 AM – 8.23 AM (Sun) • Hence the Hora at 7.28 AM belongs to Sun (second hora of day)
- 8. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Time Conversion (Studying the Terrestrial Earth)
- 12. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Meridians of India • Time is measured based on the Longitude towards East or West from the Greenwich Meridian Longitude (0 degrees) • The time at Greenwich is knows as Greenwich Meridian time (GMT) • Indian Standard Time is measured at Standard Meridian of 82.5 degrees East from Greenwich Meridian Longitude
- 13. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Earths Rotation • Earth rotating from west to east, eastern part of earth will see Sun first and slowly the western parts. • Eg: Sunrise in Kolkata is before sunrise in Bangalore • Earth completes one rotation in 24 hours ; It completes 360° of movement. • 24 hours = 24 * 60 min = 1440 minutes • For 360°, time is 1440 minutes • Hence for 1° = 4 minutes Note : There are 2 units used above: Time Measurement : In hours, minutes & seconds (h, m , s ) Arc Measurements : In degrees, minutes & seconds (° , ‘ , “ ) . Eg: 10° 33' 19“ 1 hour = 60 minutes; 1 minute = 60 seconds 1 ° = 60’ ; 1 ‘ = 60 “
- 14. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Zonal Standard Time & Timezone • Hence the concept of Local Mean time arises as the time at individual places differ. • Those places towards east are always ahead of time relative to the places to their west. • In few countries, (eg. Unites States), the whole country is divided into few zones (4 zones for US) and for each zone standard meridians are defined. • Timezone – For simplicity , a standard meridian is defined for a zone or a country . For example : Indian Standard Time • Timezone towards east to Greenwich is denoted by (+) • Timezone towards West to Greenwich is denoted by (-)
- 15. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Question (4): Find out the time zone of India • The standard meridian for India = 82° 30’ East of Prime Meridian • We know 1°= 4 minutes (60’ = 240 seconds) ; 1’ = 4 sec • Hence for 82° 30’ = 82 * 4 min : 30’ * 4 sec = 328 min : 120 sec = 330 mins = 5 hours 30 minutes Hence Timezone of India is GMT + 5.5 (5h 30min)
- 16. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Question (5): Find out the longitude of standard meridian of for Mexico if it falls in timezone (-6 hours) • Timezone is (-) means its longitude is towards west to Greenwich • Timezone = 6 hours = 6 * 60 mins = 360 mins • As 4 mins = 1 ° , 360 mins = 360/4 = 90 ° • Hence the standard meridian of Mexico is = 90° W
- 17. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Question (6): If time of birth of native born at Delhi is 10:30 AM (IST), then find out LMT of birth of native • Longitude of Standard Meridian of India = 82° 30’ E • Longitude of Delhi = 77 ° 13’ E • Difference of the 2 longitudes = 82° 30’ - 77 ° 13’ = 5 ° 17’ • Multiplying by 4, we get = (5 * 4) mins + (17 * 4) sec = 20 mins + 68 sec = 21m 8s • Since Delhi is to West of standard meridian of India, we need to (-) • Hence LMT = 10:30 – 21m 8s = 10h 8m 52s
- 18. CONFIDENTIAL & RESTRICTED Homework : If a native is born Bangalore at 1.30 PM (IST), find out the LMT at birth (Longitude of Bangalore : 77° 36’)