2. • One of the ancient Three Kingdoms of Korea,
located in present-day northern and central
parts of the Korean Peninsula,
southern Manchuria, and southern reaches of
Russia's Primorsky Krai.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY,
37 BCE–668 CE
4. King Dongmyeong of Goguryeo
(37 BC – 19 BC)
Holy King of the East,
also known by his birth
name Jumong.
He is the
founding monarch of
Goguryeo
King Yuri
( 19 BCE - 18 CE)
2nd ruler
Yuri is described as a
powerful and militarily
successful king.
King Yuri died in 18 CE,
after ruling for 37
years.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
5. King Daemusin of Goguryeo
(18-44)
3rd ruler
Great Holy Warrior King
Led early Goguryeo
through a period of
massive territorial
expansion.
King Minjung of Goguryeo
(44-48)
4th ruler
Minjung did not reign
for long, he was able to
avoid military conflicts
and kept peace through
most of the kingdom.
In 48, after 5 years of
reign, Minjung fell ill
and died.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
6. King Mobon of
Goguryeo (48-53)
5th king
Mobon was a great king
who thought for his
people initially, but
turned into a ruthless
tyrant in the later part
of his reign.
He was killed by a court
official named Duro.
King Taejo of Goguryeo
(53–146)
6th ruler (Sometimes
called Taejo the Great)
Under his reign, the
young state expanded
its territory and
developed into a
centrally ruled
kingdom.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
7. King Chadae of Goguryeo
(146–165)
7th ruler
He was said to be
brave but cruel.
He was killed by his
minister Myeongnim
Dap-bu.
King Sindae of Goguryeo
(165–179)
8th ruler
Sindae died in the
twelfth lunar month of
179, at the age of 91.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
8. King Gogukcheon of Goguryeo
(179–197)
the 9th ruler
Gogukcheon was the
second son of
Goguryeo's eighth
king, Sindae.
King Sansang of Gogurye
(197–227)
10th ruler
He was the third son of
the eighth king Sindae
Sansang died during
227, the 31st year of
his reign, and was
buried in Sansang-
neung.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
9. King Dongcheon of Goguryeo
(227–248)
11th ruler
He was made crown
prince in 213, and rose
to the throne upon
Sansang's death
Dongcheon fell ill and
died during the fall of
248 after 22 years of
rule.
King Jungcheon of Goguryeo
(248–270)
12th ruler
Son of King Dongcheon
Upon his father's death
in 248, Jungcheon
followed him to the
throne.
In 270, the king died at
the age of 46, and was
buried in Jungcheonji-
won.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
10. King Seocheon of Goguryeo
(270–292)
13th ruler
the second son of King
Jungcheon, and was
confirmed as Crown
Prince in 255.
King Seocheon died in
292, after 23 years on
the throne.
King Bongsang of
Goguryeo (292–300)
14th ruler
His violence upset the
people.
Bongsang and his two
sons committed
suicide. He was buried
in Bongsan-won.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
11. King Micheon of Goguryeo
(300–331)
15th ruler
Micheon lived as a
servant and a salt
merchant, but was made
king after Bongsang was
overthrown by court
officials.
Micheon died and was
buried in 331 at Micheon-
won.
King Gogugwon of
Goguryeo (331-371)
16th king
He was made crown
prince in 314 and
became king upon his
father's death.
He was killed in a
battle
at Pyongyang Castleand
was buried at
Gogugwon.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
12. King Sosurim of
Goguryeo (371–384)
17th ruler
Son of King Gogugwon
He is considered to
have strengthened the
centralization of
authority in Goguryeo.
GOGURYEO (KOGURYŎ) DYNASTY
13. a kingdom located in southwest Korea.
It was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea,
together with Goguryeo and Silla.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
14. Onjo (18 BC–AD 28)
the founding monarch
of Baekje
He was the ancestor of
all Baekje kings.
Daru of Baekje
(28–77)
2nd king
He was the eldest son
of the founding
monarch Onjo and
became the heir of
throne in the year 10.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
15. Gaeru of Baekje
(128–166)
4th king
In 132, he
founded Bukhan
Mountain Fortress.
Giru of Baekje (77–128)
3rd king
He was the eldest son
of King Daru and
became the heir to the
throne in the year 33.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
16. Chogo of Baekje
(166–214)
5th king
He was the son of King
Gaeru
Gusu of Baekje
(214–234)
6th king
He was descended from
the founding king Onjo
and the eldest son of
the 5th king Chogo
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
17. Saban of Baekje (234)
7th king
He was the eldest son
of the 6th king Gusu.
Nothing is known of the
birth, later life, or
death of Saban.
Goi of Baekje (234–286)
8th king
He was the second son
of the 4th
king Gaeru and younger
brother of the 5th
king Chogo.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
18. Chaekgye of Baekje
(286–298)
9th king
He was the eldest son
of King Goi
Baekje was invaded by
Maek-in and the Lelang
commandery, and
Chaekgye was killed.
Bunseo of Baekje
(298–304)
10th king
He continued to wage
war against the
Chinese Lelang
commandery.
The governor of
the commandery there
upon sent an assassin
who poisoned him.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
19. Biryu of Baekje
(304–344)
11th king
Japanese historians
suspect Biryu, like
Saban, as the
progenitor of certain
aristocratic clans
ofYamato period Japan.
Gye of Baekje
(344–346)
12th king
He was the eldest son
of the 10th
king Bunseo, who was
assassinated.
His rule indicated the
continued the rivalry
between two royal
lines.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
20. Geunchogo of Baekje
(346-375)
13th king
He reigned over the
apex of Baekje's
powers.
Under Geunchogo, the
kingdom reached its
greatest geographic
extent and political
power.
Geungusu of Baekje (375–
384)
14th king
During Geungusu's
reign, Baekje was in
hostile relations with
its northern neighbor,
Goguryeo.
Geungusu died in 384,
after 10 years of reign.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
21. Chimnyu of Baekje
(384–385)
15th king
He was the first Baekje
king to officially
recognize Buddhism
Jinsa of Baekje
(385-392)
16th king
He ordered numerous
attacks
against Goguryeo,
which was expanding
into Baekje territory
from the north.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
22. Asin of Baekje
(392–405)
the 17th king
of Baekje, one of
the Three Kingdoms of
Korea.
Buyeo Abang was the
eldest son of Baekje's
15th ruler Chimnyu.
Jeonji of Baekje
(405–420)
18th king
Jeonji spent much of
his youth in
the Wa kingdom
of Yamato Japan as.
hostage
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
23. Guisin of Baekje
(420–427)
19th king
He was the eldest son
of King Jeonji and Lady
Palsu.
Biyu of Baekje (427-455)
20th king
Biyu sought to
strengthen Baekje’s
relationship with Silla,
exchanging
ambassadors in 433
and 434.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
24. Gaero of Baekje
( 455-475)
21st king
He attempted to
strengthen royal control
of the aristocracy.
He died in a battle.
Munju of Baekje
(475-477)
22nd king
His reign saw
considerable disunity
within Baekje.
Munju was murdered by
an agent of Hae Gu.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
25. Samgeun of Baekje
(477-479)
23rd king
Samgeun was only
thirteen years old when
he took power after his
father’s death.
Dongseong of Baekje
(479-501)
24th king
He built several
fortresses and castles
to build out the new
capital
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
26. Muryeong of Baekje
(501–23)
25th king
During his reign, Baekje
remained allied
with Silla against
Goguryeo, and
expanded its
relationships
with China and Japan.
Seong of Baekje (523–
554)
26th king
Also known as Holy
King
Seong was known as a
great patron
of Buddhism in Korea.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
27. Wideok of Baekje
(554–598)
27th king
He was the eldest son
of King Seong, and rose
to the throne upon his
father's death.
King Hye of Baekje
(598–599)
28th king
His reign saw major
inroads from the
neighbouring Silla and
Goguryeo kingdoms.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
28. Beop of Baekje
(599–600)
29th king
He reigned as Baekje
power declined, having
lost the Seoul region to
the rival Silla kingdom.
King Mu of Baekje
(600 - 641)
30th king
Mu attacked Silla
several times.
Mu retained close ties
with Tang China.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
29. Uija of Baekje
(641- 660)
31st and final ruler
of Baekje
His reign ended
when Baekje was
conquered by the
alliance of the rival
Korean
kingdom Silla and Chin
a's Tang Dynasty.
BAEKJE OR PAEKCHE DYNASTY
(18 BCE – 660 CE)
31. A gilt-bronze statue of what is
believed to be the Maitreya, the
future Buddha, in a semi-seated
contemplative pose.
GILT-BRONZE MAITREYA IN MEDITATION
(NATIONAL TREASURE NO. 83)
32. The Seven-Pronged
Spear is a 74.9 cm
long iron sword with
six branch-like
protrusions along the
central blade.
SEVEN-BRANCHED SWORD
33. The 287th National Treasure of Korea and was designated
on May 30, 1996.
GILT-BRONZE INCENSE BURNER
OF BAEKJE
34. Korea is the most accessible location, a theory publicized
in early Meiji period in Japan argued that these immigrants
were Korean most likely of the Goguryeo or the Baekje.
The Namhangang (Namhan meaning 'South Han' and gang
meaning 'river') is sometimes, but not always, referred to
as the "Han" in South Korea. The term "South Han" is
understood irrespective of which side of the border one
stands. The state of Goguryeo called it the Arisu AND
Baekje called it the Ungniha
Gongju is the former capital of the Baekje Kingdom during
Korea's Three Kingdoms period.
TRIVIA
35. Was one of the Three Kingdoms of
Korea, and one of the world's longest
sustained dynasties
It is often referred to, occupied most
of the Korean Peninsula
SILLA DYNASTY
( 57 BCE–935)
38. Hyeokgeose of Silla
(57 BC–4 AD)
commonly called Bak
(Park, Pak) Hyeokgeose
commonly called Bak
(Park, Pak) Hyeokgeose
He wasthe progenitor of
all Bak (Park) clans
in Korea.
Namhae of Silla
(4–24 CE)
2nd King
He is commonly
called Namhae
Chachaung, chachaung
being an early Silla
title.
SILLA DYNASTY
( 57 BCE–935)
39. Yuri of Silla (24-57)
He is commonly
called Yuri Isageum.
Yuri Isageum died in 57
AD after 34 years of
reign.
Talhae of Silla (57-80)
He is commonly
called Talhae
Isageum or Seok
Talhae, isageum being
the royal title in early
Silla.
SILLA DYNASTY
( 57 BCE–935)
40. Gold, the raw material,
initially was imported
but eventually must
have been produced
within the Silla
territories to satisfy the
huge demand
GOLDEN TREASURES:
THE ROYAL TOMBS OF SILLA
41. The Bronze Bell of King Seongdeok the Great attracts a large
number of tourists. The bell produces a distinctive sound, about
which there is a legend.
BRONZE BELL OF
KING SEONGDEOK THE GREAT
42. Buddhism was
formally adopted
by Silla in 527
under King
Beopheung.
BUDDHISM
This standing statue of the
Bhaisajyaguru Buddha is made of
gilt bronze, made in the Silla
period.
43. Gyeongju, the capital of the kingdoms of Old
Silla (57 B.C.–676 A.D.) and Unified Silla
(676–935), is dotted with impressive mounds
of royal tombs.
It was during the Unified Silla period that
trade relations with Japan flourished.
Unified Silla or Later Silla, as it is often
referred to, occupied most of the Korean
Peninsula, while the northern part re-emerged
as Balhae, a successor-state of Goguryeo ore
than ever before.
TRIVIA
44. It was a mixed ethnic Korean
and Mohe kingdom established in
northern Korea and Manchuria after
the fall of Goguryeo.
It existed during the North South
States Period of Korea along with
Unified Silla
BALHAE DYNASTY, 698–926
47. Dae Jo-yeong
(699 to 719)
also known in Korea
as King Go
established the state
of Balhae
His origin is heavily
disputed
most Korean scholars
believed that he was
of Goguryeo heredity.
Dae Mu-ye
2nd King
also known as King Mu
He is noted for the
military expansion of
his domain.
BALHAE DYNASTY, 698–926
53. Buddhism was first introduced into Korea from
China in the late 4th century.
To confront the military pressure of Goguryo to
its north and Silla to its east, Baekje
(Kudara in Japanese) established close
relations with Japan.
The Japanese army retreated to Japan with
many Baekje refugees
54. Also known as Koryŏ
A Korean dynasty established in 918
by King Taejo
This kingdom later gave name to the
modern state of Korea
GORYEO (KORYŎ) PERIOD, 918–1392
57. Taejo of Goryeo
(January 31, 877 – July 4, 943)
was the founder of
the Goryeo Dynasty,
which ruled Korea from
the 10th to the 14th
century.
Taejo ruled from 918 to
943.
Hyejong of Goryeo
(943–945)
2nd monarch
He was preceded by
King Taejo and
succeeded by Jeongjong
I of Goryeo
GORYEO (KORYŎ) PERIOD, 918–1392
63. In 1170, a group of army officers led by Jeong
Jung-bu, Yi Ui-bang and Yi Go launched a coup
d'état and succeeded.
In 1231, Mongols under Ögedei Khan invaded
Goryeo, following the aftermath of joint
Goryeo-Mongol forces against the Khitans in
1219
In 993, the Khitan Liao Dynasty invaded
Goryeo's northwest border with an estimated
60,000 troops.
64. was a Korean state founded by Taejo
Yi Seong-gye that lasted for
approximately five centuries, from
July 1392 to October 1897.
JOSEON (CHOSON OR YI) DYNASTY, 1392–
1910
67. Taejo of Joseon
(1392–1398)
Born Yi Seong-gye,
whose changed name
is Yi Dan
was the founder and
the first king of the
Joseon Dynasty of
Korea
the main figure in
overthrowing the
Goryeo Dynasty
Jeongjong of Joseon
(1357–1419)
Born Yi Bang-gwa,
whose changed name
is Yi Gyeong
2nd King
first king of the dynasty
JOSEON (CHOSON OR YI) DYNASTY,
1392–1910
73. After invasions from Japan and Manchuria,
Joseon experienced a nearly 200-year period of
peace.
In 1873, King Gojong announced his assumption
of royal rule.
The government officials were ranked in 18
levels, ranging from first senior rank down to
ninth junior rank based on seniority and
promotion, which was achieved through the royal
decree based on examination or
recommendation.
