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The document summarizes an experiment on converting municipal plastic waste into fuel oil using sequential pyrolysis and catalytic reforming. Plastic waste was first pyrolyzed at 450°C to produce pyrolysis oil and gas. The pyrolysis vapors were then reformed over zeolite catalysts at 450°C. Three different plastic feeds and three catalysts were tested. Results showed the highest liquid fraction was obtained from HDPE plastic, and Y zeolites and natural zeolites performed better than no catalyst. The liquid products had properties similar to diesel fuel. Solid residues were also analyzed. The study demonstrated the feasibility of producing fuel from plastic waste to address plastic pollution issues.
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We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
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Ashish ppt
- 1. FUEL OIL PRODUCTION FROM MUNICIPAL PLASTIC WASTES IN SEQUENTIAL PYROLYSIS AND CATALYTIC REFORMING REACTORS Presented by: Ashish khedar 19102004 1
- 2. CONTENTS • Introduction • Materials and Methods • Pyrolysis and catalytic reforming experiment • Result and discussion • Conclusion • References 2
- 3. Introduction: Plastic waste in India 3 Million tonnes of plastic generated in India per year 1 Tonne = 20,000 plastic bottles 7 % of this recycle at present Disposal is around 9.2 billion of plastic bottles each year 3
- 4. Why we need plastic waste treatment?? Pollute our environment Slow degradation rate Unhygienic to human as well as animal Toxic gases on burning 4
- 5. Waste to fuel conversion steps Minimal Environmental Impact Minimal Operating Costs Long Term Revenues 100% Recycling 5 Financials Output Processing Separation Collection Municipal waste Metal / Glass Metal Metal PROFIT Glass Glass PROFIT Rest Conversion Fuel PROFIT Fertilizer/ Ash PROFIT
- 6. Experimental setup A snapshot of experimental setup(picture from research paper) 6
- 7. Feedstock to experiments The feedstock used in the experiments : (a) PE bag 1; (b) HDPE waste; and (c) PE bag 2 (Picture from research paper). 7
- 8. About experimental setup Pyrlolyzer • Inner dia. 200mm & height 400mm • 1.6-2.6 kg feedstock • Temp 450°C Reformer • 100 gm of zeolite catalyst • Inner dia. 100mm & height 400mm • Temp 450°C Condensor • Shell & tube • To separate gas & liq. product 8
- 9. Liquid product analysis by gas chromatography Capillary column Length 30mm Height 0.25mm Helium as carrier gas Temperature program Initial 80°C for 5 min. Heating rate 8°C/min. to 305°C 305°C for 17 min. 9
- 10. Comparison of product properties with diesel Properties of liquid products for various feedstocks properties of commercial diesel fuel 10 properties units PE Bag 1 HDPE PE Bag 2 Test Method density g/cm3 0.8544 0.7991 0.824 ASTM D1298 kinematic viscosity cSt 1.739 2.319 1.838 ASTM D445 flash point °C <10 <10 <10 ASTM D93 pour point °C 24 27 24 ASTM D97 water content % vol. 0.1 0.5 trace ASTM D95 heating value MJ/kg 41.45 42.82 46.67 ASTM D240 properties units diesel 48 diesel 51 cetane no 48 51 density g/cm3 0.815- 0.870 0.820- 0.860 kinematic viscosity cSt 2.0-5.0 2.0-4.5 flash point °C min 60 min 55 pour point °C max 18 max 18 water content mg/kg max 500 max 500 sulfur content %wt max 0.35max 0.05 ash content %wt max 0.01max 0.01
- 11. Result & discussions Effect of different feedstock 11
- 12. Effect of catalysts Effect of catalyst on product yield & liquid fraction composition 12
- 13. Properties of the liquid product for different catalyst Properties Units No zeolites Y zeolites Natural zeolites Density g/cm3 0.8719 0.824 0.868 Kinematic viscosity cSt 1.999 1.838 2.191 Flash point °C <10 <10 <10 Pour point °C 27 24 24 Water content % vol. 0.5 trace trace Heating value MJ/kg 46.74 46.67 45.58 13
- 14. Proximate analysis of solid residue 14 composition wt% PE Bag 1 HDPE PE Bag 2 moisture 1.12 1.74 2.32 volatile matter 35.29 58.56 44.47 fixed carbon 14.13 8.59 25.88 Ash 49.47 31.11 27.33 Heating value (MJ/kg) 19.8 26.35 31.53
- 15. Conclusion • Y zeolites & natural zeolites are better • Highest liquid fraction from HDPE • Highest diesel fraction from PE bag 1 • Highest gasoline fraction from PE bag 2 15
- 16. References • Mochamad Syamsiroa,d, Harwin Saptoadib, Tinton Norsujiantob, Putri Noviasria,b, Fuel Oil Production from Municipal Plastic Wastes in Sequential Pyrolysis and Catalytic Reforming Reactors. Conference and Exhibition Indonesia Renewable Energy & Energy Conservation;2013 • UNEP. Converting waste plastics into resource: Compendium of technologies. In: United Nations Environment Programme. Osaka; 2009. 16
- 17. 17