The document summarizes an experiment on converting municipal plastic waste into fuel oil using sequential pyrolysis and catalytic reforming. Plastic waste was first pyrolyzed at 450°C to produce pyrolysis oil and gas. The pyrolysis vapors were then reformed over zeolite catalysts at 450°C. Three different plastic feeds and three catalysts were tested. Results showed the highest liquid fraction was obtained from HDPE plastic, and Y zeolites and natural zeolites performed better than no catalyst. The liquid products had properties similar to diesel fuel. Solid residues were also analyzed. The study demonstrated the feasibility of producing fuel from plastic waste to address plastic pollution issues.

1. FUEL OIL PRODUCTION FROM
MUNICIPAL PLASTIC WASTES IN
SEQUENTIAL PYROLYSIS AND
CATALYTIC REFORMING REACTORS
Presented by:
Ashish khedar
19102004
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2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Pyrolysis and catalytic reforming experiment
• Result and discussion
• Conclusion
• References
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3. Introduction: Plastic waste in India
 3 Million tonnes of
plastic generated in India
per year
 1 Tonne = 20,000 plastic
bottles
 7 % of this recycle at
present
 Disposal is around 9.2
billion of plastic bottles
each year
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4. Why we need plastic waste treatment??
Pollute our environment
 Slow degradation rate
 Unhygienic to human as
well as animal
 Toxic gases on burning
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5. Waste to fuel conversion steps
 Minimal
Environmental
Impact
 Minimal Operating
Costs
 Long Term Revenues
 100% Recycling
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Financials
Output
Processing
Separation
Collection Municipal
waste
Metal /
Glass
Metal
Metal
PROFIT
Glass
Glass
PROFIT
Rest
Conversion
Fuel
PROFIT
Fertilizer/
Ash
PROFIT

6. Experimental setup
A snapshot of experimental setup(picture from research paper)
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7. Feedstock to experiments
The feedstock used in the experiments : (a) PE bag 1; (b) HDPE waste; and (c) PE bag 2
(Picture from research paper).
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8. About experimental setup
Pyrlolyzer
• Inner dia. 200mm & height 400mm
• 1.6-2.6 kg feedstock
• Temp 450°C
Reformer
• 100 gm of zeolite catalyst
• Inner dia. 100mm & height 400mm
• Temp 450°C
Condensor
• Shell & tube
• To separate gas & liq. product
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9. Liquid product analysis by gas chromatography
Capillary column
 Length 30mm
 Height 0.25mm
Helium as carrier gas
Temperature program
 Initial 80°C for 5 min.
 Heating rate 8°C/min. to
305°C
 305°C for 17 min.
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10. Comparison of product properties with diesel
Properties of liquid products for various feedstocks properties of commercial diesel fuel
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properties units
PE
Bag 1 HDPE
PE
Bag 2
Test
Method
density g/cm3 0.8544 0.7991 0.824
ASTM
D1298
kinematic
viscosity cSt 1.739 2.319 1.838
ASTM
D445
flash point °C <10 <10 <10 ASTM D93
pour point °C 24 27 24 ASTM D97
water content % vol. 0.1 0.5 trace ASTM D95
heating value MJ/kg 41.45 42.82 46.67
ASTM
D240
properties units diesel 48 diesel 51
cetane no 48 51
density g/cm3
0.815-
0.870
0.820-
0.860
kinematic
viscosity cSt 2.0-5.0 2.0-4.5
flash point °C min 60 min 55
pour point °C max 18 max 18
water content mg/kg max 500 max 500
sulfur content %wt max 0.35max 0.05
ash content %wt max 0.01max 0.01

11. Result & discussions
Effect of different feedstock
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12. Effect of catalysts
Effect of catalyst on product yield & liquid fraction composition
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13. Properties of the liquid product for
different catalyst
Properties Units
No
zeolites
Y
zeolites
Natural
zeolites
Density g/cm3 0.8719 0.824 0.868
Kinematic
viscosity cSt 1.999 1.838 2.191
Flash point °C <10 <10 <10
Pour point °C 27 24 24
Water content % vol. 0.5 trace trace
Heating value MJ/kg 46.74 46.67 45.58
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14. Proximate analysis of solid residue
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composition wt%
PE Bag 1 HDPE PE Bag 2
moisture 1.12 1.74 2.32
volatile matter 35.29 58.56 44.47
fixed carbon 14.13 8.59 25.88
Ash 49.47 31.11 27.33
Heating value
(MJ/kg) 19.8 26.35 31.53

15. Conclusion
• Y zeolites & natural zeolites are better
• Highest liquid fraction from HDPE
• Highest diesel fraction from PE bag 1
• Highest gasoline fraction from PE bag 2
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16. References
• Mochamad Syamsiroa,d, Harwin Saptoadib, Tinton Norsujiantob, Putri Noviasria,b,
Fuel Oil Production from Municipal Plastic Wastes in Sequential Pyrolysis and
Catalytic Reforming Reactors. Conference and Exhibition Indonesia Renewable
Energy & Energy Conservation;2013
• UNEP. Converting waste plastics into resource: Compendium of technologies. In:
United Nations Environment Programme. Osaka; 2009.
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