Artisanal and Small- Scale Mining Guidance for Governments
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The document discusses artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) programs and guidance. It provides an overview of past ASM programs since 1972, current practices and challenges, and recommendations for the future. The key points are: ASM programs have historically focused on formalization, technical assistance, and state gold buying programs; current programs emphasize mercury reduction and "conflict minerals" compliance over ASM development; persistent challenges include weak government capacity, poor incentives, and lack of long-term commitment; and future guidance for governments will outline best practices for supporting sustainable ASM development through multi-stakeholder engagement.
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Artisanal and Small- Scale Mining Guidance for Governments
- 1. 1 www.rcsglobal.com Artisanal and Small- Scale Mining Guidance for Governments Nicholas Garrett 1 November 2013 IGF General Meeting 2013
- 2. 2 www.rcsglobal.com CONTENTS 1 The past: ASM programmes since 1972 2 The present: Current programmes and practice on ASM 3 Persistent challenges: Enduring challenges in ASM approaches 4 The future: Recommendations and the Guidance
- 3. 3 www.rcsglobal.com THE PAST: ASM PROGRAMMES SINCE 1972 Technical assistance State sponsored gold buying programmes Formalisation
- 4. 4 www.rcsglobal.com CURRENT PRACTICES: CHANGING APPROACHES Governments have begun to focus on ASM more consistently as a development issue, and as a sustainable development issue. Formalisation Technical assistance as mercury- reduction State- sponsored gold buying programmes
- 5. 5 www.rcsglobal.com CURRENT PRACTICES: CORE AGENDA DIVERTED Donor leadership has driven governments to focus on mercury- reduction and “conflict minerals” compliance rather than ASM development. The ASM development agenda has been diverted over the last ten years. Mercury use reduction and “conflict minerals” have been more compelling priorities. National governments have often been unable to focus on the core agenda.
- 6. 6 www.rcsglobal.com PERSISTENT CHALLENGES Government capacity Regulation is easy to avoid, and costly to adhere to; ASM grows faster than designed government institutions. Incentives design Little attention is paid to the incentives that ASM operators face The transformation fallacy Practical obstacles prevent ASM from being solved fast, a long term perspective is needed and still missing Commitment National governments have mixed interests towards ASM reform.
- 7. 7 www.rcsglobal.com THE FUTURE: STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT National governments and donors should lead a debate about what roles other stakeholders have in ASM initiatives ASM should be represented and involved as key stakeholders, as does civil society. LSM and Junior Mining companies have strategic reasons to become involved, and complementary capacities to deploy Certification schemes build on Fairtrade and Fairmined Gold and expand the size of the market-based responses.
- 8. 8 www.rcsglobal.com THE FUTURE: IGF GUIDANCE FOR ASM Many ASM project challenges concern project design and implementation These challenges could be avoided with proper precautions and project planning The Guidance will help national governments – with stakeholder support – to better govern ASM. The Guidance will present ways to mitigate negative ASM issues. The Guidance will present ways to support and further improve the sustainable development impact of ASM.
- 9. 9 www.rcsglobal.com THE FUTURE: IGF GUIDANCE FOR ASM The Guidance will outline responses governments can deploy, offering model policy processes. The Guidance will inform how policy processes can be implemented most effectively practical advice and step-by-step guidance. The Guidance will advise how other stakeholders can be engaged, and what roles they can play. The Guidance is also a learning toolkit and will provide links to further resources, programs and tools.
- 10. 10 www.rcsglobal.com GUIDANCE DEVELOPMENT PHASES Phased process; not only include the technical development parts, but also consultation. Design Phase: Outline of Guidance structure and presentation of critical choices about Guidance objectives, scope, content, structure and form. Writing & Consultation Phase: 3 rounds of writing and consultation, each ending with a workshop, with the client and external stakeholders. Following the various work phases, we will present the Guidance at the next possible IGF Meeting. Time intensive, but consultative and iterative development process will result in a better Guidance.
- 11. 11 www.rcsglobal.com Artisanal and small-scale mining Nicholas Garrett nicholas@rcsglobal.com www.rcsglobal.com