1) Augustin-Louis Cauchy was a renowned French mathematician born in 1789 in Paris. He attended the top schools in Paris and graduated from the École Polytechnique with honors. 2) After working as a junior engineer for three years, Cauchy devoted himself full-time to mathematics. He wrote influential works on analysis, functions, and geometry and was appointed to the Académie des Sciences in 1816. 3) Cauchy's career was disrupted after the 1830 revolution in France. He lost his posts but continued his mathematical work in Italy and Prague, tutoring the Duke of Bordeaux until 1838. He remained active in mathematics until his death in 1857.

1. ARTICLE
Priya Lekshmi S.
Mathematical Science
Reg. No. 180 14303012
Mount Tabor Training College
Pathanapuram

2. AUGUSTIN-LOUIS CAUCHY
Early Life
Augustin-Louis Cauchy was a French mathematician born on 21st August 1789 in
Paris, France. He laid the foundation for modern day analysis and did many
significant works in the field of mathematics. His early schooling was from „École
Centrale du Panthéon‟ which was considered to be one of the best schools in Paris
at the time. Cauchy was a brilliant student attaining high grades in all subjects
including Latin and Humanities. Cauchy enrolled in the École Polytechnique to
become an engineer and finished his studies at the institute in 1807. After
Polytechnique he went to „École des Ponts et Chaussées‟ (School for Bridges and
Roads) to do civil engineering. Augustin-Louis Cauchy being incredibly smart
graduated from here with honors.

3. Work
After his graduation in 1810, Cauchy got a job in Cherbourg as „junior engineer‟
where he remained for the next three years. Even while at this extremely time
taking job, he managed to write three mathematical manuscripts which he
submitted to „Institut de France‟. Two of these manuscripts were accepted. When
Cauchy was 23, his health began to suffer from overload of work therefore he
decided to return to Paris to devote all his time to mathematics, a subject that was
grabbing his interest more than anything else. Cauchy got an unpaid sick leave and
worked on his mathematical work on various topics such as symmetric functions,
symmetric group and many theories including theory of the higher order algebraic
equations. He was also appointed as a member of the „Académiedes Sciences‟ in
1816. Cauchy was becoming immensely popular in the mathematical world for his
outstanding works and ideas. He had proven Fermat‟s „polygonal number theorem‟
which had made him into a star among his peers. He got the position of associate
professor of mathematics at Polytechnique in 1815 and by the next year he was
promoted to full professor.
Cauchy‟s greatest contributions to mathematics, characterized by the clear and
rigorous methods that he introduced, are embodied predominantly in his three great
treatises: Cours d‟analyse de l‟École Royale Polytechnique (1821; “Courses on
Analysis from the École Royale Polytechnique”); Résumé des leçons sur le calcul
infinitésimal (1823; “Résumé of Lessons on Infinitesimal Calculus”); and Leçons
sur les applications du calcul infinitésimal à la géométrie (1826–28; “Lessons on
the Applications of Infinitesimal Calculus to Geometry”). The first phase of
modern rigour in mathematics originated in his lectures and researches in analysis
during the 1820s. He clarified the principles of calculus and put them on a
satisfactory basis by developing them with the aid of limits and continuity,
concepts now considered vital to analysis.

4. To the same period belongs his development of the theory of functions of
acomplex variable (a variable involving a multiple of the square root of minus
one), today indispensable in applied mathematics from physics to aeronautics.
Later Life
There is not much to Cauchy‟s personal life except that he got married at the age of
28 to Aloise de Bure and had two daughters. His career had been on a road to
success in the current political situation in France but after 1830 things changed. In
July 1830, France went through a revolution when Charles X was succeeded by
Louis-Phillippe resulting in many riots in which the students of Polytechnique took
part actively. These events turned around Cauchy‟s situation completely which
resulted in a halt to his mathematical work. Cauchy left France for some time but
he had to take a decision of whether he was going to take sides with the new
regime or not. He decided against it which cost him all his posts in Paris except for
his membership of the Académie des Sciences.
This did not stop him from pursuing further mathematical work so he went to
Turin, Italy where he got an offer from the King of Sardinia for chair of physics
which he accepted happily. He remained at the post for a year before he left for
Prague to tutor Duke of Bordeaux till 1838. Their relationship as teacher and
student was not great but Cauchy still tried his best to teach his pupil the most he
could. Cauchy did not gain his academic positions again however tried to remain in
touch with his roots till his death in 1857.