4. Outline of Review
• Introduction to Art
• Classification of Art
• Creative Process
• Elements & Principles of Art
• Historical Development of Art
• Filipino Artist
• Philippine Art
6. ART
- “art” French word - skill or
result of practice
- “ars” Latin word –
ability/practical skills
- process, product or ability
7. ESSENTIALS OF ART
1.Man-made
2.Must be creative not imitative
3.Must benefit and satisfy man
4.Expressed through certain
medium or material by which
the artist communicates
himself to his audience.
9. FUNCTIONS OF ART
1. Personal (comfort, happiness, or
convenience to human beings)
2. Social (bridge connection among
people)
3. Cultural (preserve, share, transmit
culture)
4. Aesthetic (appreciation of beauty)
5. Spiritual (reinforce religious or
spiritual support to culture)
10. BASIC PHILOSOPHICAL
PERSPECTIVE OF ART
1. Art as Mimesis (Plato) – art is an imitation of the
real, which is an imitation of ideal
2. Art as Representation (Aristotle) –art represents
inward significance, not outward significance
3. Art for art’s sake (Kant) –art has its own reason of
being
4. Art as an Escape –Art not only transforms
something into art, but also the artist to its core
being
5. Art as functional –Art serves a function- use, enrich
lives, educate, support/protest, entertain and so on.
36. KINDS OF ART as to
SUBJECT
REPRESENTATIONAL (OBJECTIVE ART)
arts that depict (represent) objects commonly
recognized by most people
Use “form” and concern with “what” is depicted in
the artwork
NON -REPRESENTATIONAL (NONOBJECTIVE
ART)
arts without any reference to anything outside itself/
nonrecognizable
Use “content” and concern with “how” is depicted
in the artwork
38. LEVELS OF MEANING
FACTUAL
MEANING
CONVENTIONAL
MEANING
SUBJECTIVE
MEANING
Literal statement/narrative
content in the work that can be
directly apprehended
Special meaning that a certain
object or color has for a
particular culture of people
Individual meaning deliberately
and instinctively expressed by
the artist using personal
symbolism
39. Art practitioner who produces or
create indirectly functional arts with
aesthetic value using imagination
ARTIST
ARTISAN
A craftsman who produces directly
functional and/ or decorative arts
40. THE STAGES IN ART MAKING
PREPRODUCTION PRODUCTION POST PRODUCTION
Subject development Medium manipulation exhibition
planning Producing of art work
starts
Joining diverse input for
output
Display,
circulation and
performance of
output
41. MEDIUM
• Material used by and
artist to create work of
art
• Can be manipulated
depending on the
artist/artisan
TECHNIQUE
• Technical know-how in
manipulating the medium
• Differs from one artists to
another
• How artists manipulate
their medium that gives
birth of other form of arts
42. RECOGNITION & AWARD
FOR ARTIST AND ARTISAN
Gawad sa Manlilikhang Bayan
(GAMABA) National Living Treasures
Award
- Institutionalized in 1992 through
Republic Act 7335, implemented by
National Commission for Culture and
the Arts (NCCA)
43. How does one become a
Manlilikha ng Bayan?
Qualification:
1. Inhabitant of an indigenous cultural community
anywhere in the Philippines with preserved indigenous
customs, beliefs, ritual.
2. Engaged in a folk art tradition, documented for at least
fifty (50) years.
3. Consistently performed or produced over a significant
period, works of superior and distinctive quality.
4. Possess mastery & maker of works of extraordinary
technical quality
5. Must have pass on to the other members of the
community their skills
44. DUTIES & RESPONSIBILITIES
OF AWARDEES
- A link between the past
a. To transfer the skills of his/her traditional
folk art to the younger generation through
apprenticeship and such other training
methods as are found to be effective.
b. To cooperate with the implementing
agency
c. Donate to the National Museum a sample
or copy of his/her work
45. National Artist
- The highest national recognition for
individuals who contributed to the
development of Philippine arts.
- Administer by National Commission for
Culture Center of the Philippines
- Began in 1972, Presidential Proclamation
No. 1001, s. 1972 to recognize Filipinos
who made exceptional contributions to
Philippine arts and letters
- Painter Fernando Amorsolo, first National
Artist
46. Criteria for the Order of
National Artists
1. Living artists who are Filipino citizens at the time of
nomination and those who died after the establishment
of the award in 1972.
2. Contributed in building a Filipino sense of nationhood
3. Pioneered in a mode of creative expression or style, thus
earning distinction
4. Consistently displayed excellence in their practice of art
form
5. Enjoy broad acceptance:
/ prestigious national/international recognition
/ critical acclaim or views of their work
/ respect and esteem from peers
47. VISUAL ELEMENT OF ART
• Line
• Color
• Shape
• Space
• Value
• Texture
48. THE ELEMENT OF LINE
• HORIZONTAL LINES
- Parallel to the horizon
- Indicate calmness and rest
• VERTICAL LINES
- Bottom going up/vice versa
- Strength, balance & stability
• DIAGONAL LINES
- Between a vertical & horizontal lines
• ZIGZAG LINES
- Mixture of diagonal lines
• CURVED LINES
- curvilinear, organic and adjust direction regularly
49. LINES
•ACTUAL LINES
-Artist shows lines
intentionally
•IMPLIED LINES
- Used by artist to make
viewer see and connect lines
where none actually exist
50. THE ELEMENT OF COLOR
COLORS are property of light (Isaac Newton)
- Found by passing a beam of light through a
triangular piece of glass called prism.
PROPERTIES OF COLOR
1. HUE – name of color
2. VALUE – lightness/darkness of color
(tide/shade)
3. INTENSITY/SATURATION – how pure color is
51. ADDITIVE & SUBTRACTIVE COLORS
COLOR OF LIGHT – additive
- when colors combine result is white
COLOR OF PIGMENTS – subtractive
- when colors combine result is black
52. TYPES OF COLOR
• PRIMARY COLORS
• SECONDARY COLORS
• INTERMEDIATE COLORS
• TERTIARY COLORS
• NEUTRALS
• Warm and cold color
53. THE ELEMENT OF SHAPE
- Result from coming together of lines
enclosing an area separating it from its
surrounding
KINDS OF SHAPE
1. GEOMETRIC SHAPES – regular & precise
2. ORGANIC SHAPES –represent object
from nature
3. Biomorphic –manifest qualities of
biological organism
4. Amorphous –exist without any basis from
either nature or geometry
54. THE ELEMENT OF SPACE
WAYS OF PRESENTING DEPTH ON A PICTURE
PLANE:
1. OVERLAPPING – near are seen complete and
far objects are partly covered.
2. RELATIVE SIZE & LINEAR PERSPECTIVE –
bigger objects perceived as near with objects
that are far.
3. ATMOSPHERIC PERSPECTIVE –gradient effect
55. THE ELEMENT OF VALUE
Achromatic value – refers to changes in the
amount of reflected light from black to grey to
white
CHIAROSCURO –technique of using light &
shadows in painting
56. THE ELEMENTS OF TEXTURE
- From Latin word “weaving”
- Refers to the feel of the surface of woven fabrics
TYPES OF TEXTURE
1. Actual Texture – real feel and look at the
surface
2. Simulated Texture –surface character that looks
real but not
3. Abstract Texture –focus on one aspect of the
real texture & emphasize it
4. Invented Texture –product of artist’s
imagination
57. THE ELEMENTS OF TIME &
MOTION
ACTUAL MOVEMENT –artist
incorporates actual movement in art
known as kinetic art
IMPLIED MOVEMENT –variety of lines
with some degree of repetition to
create perception of movement.
58. PRINCIPLES OF ART
Visual strategies used by artists, in conjunction with
the visual elements of arts – for expressive
purposes.
Balance
Harmony
Proportion
Variety
Dominance/Emphasis
Movement
Rhythm
60. Sameness, belonging of one thing with another
PROPORTION
Size relationship of forms and shapes
DOMINANCE/EMPHASIS
Area of composition which dominate or commands
attention. Usually achieved through Contrast
61. Combining visual elements to achieve intricate and
complex relatioship
MOVEMENT
Using art in such a way that they move
Feeling of movement achieved by the repetition of
regulated visual information
VARIETY
MOVEMENT
MOVEMENT
62. AUDITORY
Music – least tangible art
- Arrangement of sounds to create a continuous
and unified composition
Dominant musical traditions
a. Popular music –use of electric instrument,
lyrical, repetition – memorable, strong beat
b. Classical Music – instrumental, voice (opera),
use of pure sound, beat is not obvious
64. Rhythm Pattern in time
Qualities:
1. Tempo – how fast/slow
2. Meter – unit of time made up of
accented and unaccented beats or
pulse
3. Rhythmic Pattern
65. Melody
Succesion of consecutive notes changing in pits
and duration, carry overall theme of music
Harmony
Combination of different tones or pitches
played or sung together
66. Texture
Relationship of melodic and harmonic lines
Monophonic texture – one melodic line, in
unison
Homophobic texture –playing or singing the
melody and accompanying chords
Polyphonic texture – complex because it has
more melodic lines that seems independent
from one another.
67. Dynamics
Degree of softness and loudness of music,
and the way of changing or vice versa
Timbre
Tone color, quality of sound generated by
instrument or by voice.
68. CLASSIFICATION OF
MUSICAL INSTRUMENT
Based on Hornbostel-Sachs:
• Idiophones – body itself vibrates
• Membranophones –membranes tightly
stretched over a part of instrument
• Chordophones –stretched strings to
produce sound.
• Aerophones –air vibrates inside a
column.
• Electrophones –materials that produce
electric signals
69. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
OF PHILIPPINE ART
1. PRE-HISPANIC PERIOD
• Balangay (Balanghai) or Butuan
Boat
• Bulol or “Ifugao rice god”
• Lingling-o –ear pendant made of
green nephrite
• Arnis (Kali or Eskirma) – national
sport & fighting style
70. • Burial jars
• Weaving (use pineapple)
• Batok (mambabatok) – Whang-od
• Kampilan – Maranao single-edged
biscupid weapon
• Kubing –jaw harp made from a hand-
carved piece of Bamboo
1. PRE-HISPANIC PERIOD
71. HISPANIC PERIOD
1.Bahay na Bato
2.Baroque Churches
3.Paintings
4.Sculpture
5.Graphic arts
6.Philippine Dance
7.Fiesta
73. PHILIPPINE
CONTEMPORARY ART
•Use of Glass
•Symbolic
Sculpture
•Bamboo Art
•Advertising Art
•Bamboo Art
•Basketry
•Costumes
•Embroidery
•Furniture
•Komiks/ Editorial
Cartoon
•Leaf Art
•Mat weaving
•Metalcraft
•Multimedia
74. • Conceptual Art
• Installation Art
• Performance art
• Paper art
• Personal Ornamemts
• Photography
• Pottery
• Earthenware
• Stonewarre
• Porcelain
• Print making
• Tattoo Art
• Textile Weaving
PHILIPPINE
CONTEMPORARY ART
