Array-part1

Chapter contains
• Single dimensional array [ ]
• Multiple dimensional array [ ][ ], [ ][ ][ ]
• Pointer

• Symbol of array : [ ]
• Array enable a variable to store more than 1 data
• Data can be stored as integer, character, float
• Normally we stored value as variable a,b,c..
• How about if we have 1000 variables ?
• Array- A set of data with similar properties and which
are stored in consecutive memory location under
common variable name
WHAT IS ARRAY?

Subscript
• Array also known as subscripted variable
• General form
• Name[i], number [i][j]
• i and j is subscript
• Following rules should be followed while using subscript
• A subscript may be a valid integer
• The value of subscript is zero or positive
• A subscript must not be subscripted variable
• If a variable is used to represent an array it should not be used as
ordinary variable

Type of array
• Array in integer: int a[10] array ‘a’ with capacity
of 10, it able to store 10 sets of integer value.
• Array in float: float sum[5]  array ‘sum’ with
capacity of 5, it able to store 5 sets of float value.
• Array in char: char no[4]  array ‘no’ with capacity
of 4, it able to store 4 set of alphabet.

Function of array: to store huge data
sets in a systematic way

One dimensional array
• int x[10]
• Array is declared as ordinary variable, but size of the
array must be specified within the square bracket
Output
x[0] x[1] x[2] x[3] x[4]

Run time initialization
• Array can be initialize during execution of the
program in 2 different ways
• By using assignment statement
(+=, -=, *=, /=,%=)
• By using input statement
Output
This coding shows how we allocate
/display the one dimensional array

Output
This coding shows how we allocate /display the one dimensional array

By using array function, develop a program to
store 5 different value in X array, next calculate
the average of total obtained values.

Exercise
Write a program to store 5 digits below and perform
different arithmetic operation on these digits using
single array function:
First operation: 4/5
Second operation: 4+11/12
Third operation: 9%11
4 5 11 12 9

• #include<stdio.h>
• int main()
• {
• int mark[5] = {4,5,11,12,9};
• printf("first operation: %d n",mark[0]/mark[1]);
• printf("second operation: %dn",mark[0]+mark[2]/mark[3]);
• printf("third operation: %d n",mark[4]%mark[2]);
• return 0;
•
• }

TRY THIS?
DEVELOP A PROGRAM TO SHOW STUDENT’S
TEST MARK WHEN THEIR MATRIC NO IS
TYPED USING ARRAY FUCNTION. THE
STUDENT AND THEIR MARKS ARE AS BELOW:
Array MATRIC NO TEST MARK
[0] 111 10
[1] 222 20
[2] 333 30
[3] 444 40
[4] 555 50

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int mat[ ]={111,222,333,444,555};
int arr[ ] = {10,20,30,40,50};
int i;
printf(“enter your matric number: “,i);
scanf(“%d”, &i);
mat[i]=arr[i];
printf("matrix number of %d is %d n", mat[i], arr[i]);
return 0;
}

Multidimensional array
• In multidimensional array the number of subscript is more than 1
• int a[i][j][k]
• The declaration is similar to one dimensional array.
• int x[3][2]
• x[0][0] x[0][1]
• x[1][0] x[1][1]
• x[2][0] x[2][1]
• The size of this array is 6

Set [0]
x[0][0] x[0][1]
x[1][0] x[1][1]
x[2][0] x[2][1]
The size of this array is 12
x[0][0] x[0][1]
x[1][0] x[1][1]
x[2][0] x[2][1]
The size of this array is
6
row
Example for 2D
int x[3][2]
Example for 3D
int x[2][3][2]
column row column
set

Output
2D array
This coding shows how we allocate /display the
array in 5 row and 2 column

2D array
Output
This coding shows relation operation in 2D array.
5 6 7
10 20 30
0
1
0 1 2
Array a
5+1 6+2 7+3
10+3 20+2 30+1
0
1
0 1 2
Array sum
1 2 3
3 2 1
0
1
0 1 2
Array b
Allocate the 2D arrays
Do the (+) operation
Example:
a[0][0]+ b[0][0]=5+1=6
a[0][1]+b[0][1]=6+2=8
… until a[1][1]+b[1][1]

1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
11 12
0
1
2
0
1
2
0 1 0 1
Set (0) Set (1)
The
arrangement of
the array
Output
For 3D array you can write like this or go to the next page
3D array

For 3D array you can write like this or like previous
page
3D array

Example
• Write a program to find the transpose matrix of order m x n;

• Write a program to find y= 𝑖=1
𝑛
𝑖2 and sum of y
using an array. n is defined by user
Example 1

Example 2
Write a program to find y= 𝑖=1
𝑛
𝑥2 and
average of y using an array. X and n is
defined by user
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{ int i,n, sums=0,array[i], average;
printf("insert n: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{ scanf("%d",&array[i]);
sums+=array[i]*array[i];
average=sums/n; }
printf("sums is %d",sums);
printf("n average= %d", average);
return 0;
}
 If have this mathematical problem
𝒊=𝟏
𝒏
𝒙 , the coding must be solve
using array
 Replace x  with array x [i] @
array[i]
 Declare sums=0 at int/float. Follow
how many sum in the question. Like
this example only have 1 sum
operation.
 The coding also have to use “for”
function
Insert n 3
Max array are x[3]  you have to input 3 number
Exp:
array[0] insert 2
Output:
i array[i] Sum+=array[i]*array[i] Average=sum/n
0 2 0+(2*2)=4 4/1=4
1 4 4+(4*4)=20 16/2=8
2 3 20+(3*3)=29 29/3=9
array[i]={2,3,4}

Write a program to calculate the
value of y, where xi is series of
value in data set, n is number of
values in data set and µ is mean of
all values. The values of xi, and n
are obtained from user input
#include<studio.h>
#includ<math.h>
int main()
{
int n,i, x[10],
float y, sumx sumx2, sumx3,sumx4, mean;
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++);
{
scanf("%d",&x[i]);
sumx+=x[i]*x[i]
sumx2+=sqt(x[i]);
sumx3+=x[i];
mean=sumx3/n;
sumx4+=pow(x[i],3.0)*meanmean;
}
y=sumx/(n*sumx2)-sumx4;
prinf("y= %d",y);
return 0;
}
Example 3
Answer: Correct the error in the program and
try to run it.
y= 𝑖
𝑛
𝑥𝑖
2
𝑛 𝑖
𝑛 𝑥𝑖
1/2 − 𝑖
𝑛
𝑥𝑖
3 𝜇2
When, 𝜇 = 𝑖
𝑛
𝑥𝑖
𝑛

Write a program to calculate the value of y, where xi is series of value in
data set, n is number of values in data set and µ is mean of all values. The
values of xi, and n are obtained from user input
Exercise
y= 𝑖
𝑛
𝑥𝑖𝜇
𝑛3 − 𝑖
𝑛
𝑥𝑖

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