Arduino and the Promise of Open-Source Hardware
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This document discusses open-source hardware and the Arduino platform. It provides context on digital fabrication and manufacturing trends. It then describes Arduino and how it helped bootstrap the open-source hardware movement. Finally, it outlines the Arduino ecosystem that has grown around derivatives, accessories, and projects that use Arduino, as well as limits to openness like manufacturing processes and branding.
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Java is for many years one of the most popular programming languages, but it used to have hard times in the Serverless community. Java is known for its high cold start times and high memory footprint, comparing to other programming languages like Node.js and Python. In this talk I'll look at the general best practices and techniques we can use to decrease memory consumption, cold start times for Java Serverless development on AWS including GraalVM (Native Image) and AWS own offering SnapStart based on Firecracker microVM snapshot and restore and CRaC (Coordinated Restore at Checkpoint) runtime hooks. I'll also provide a lot of benchmarking on Lambda functions trying out various deployment package sizes, Lambda memory settings, Java compilation options and HTTP (a)synchronous clients and measure their impact on cold and warm start times.
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Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
ScyllaDB Tablets: Rethinking Replication
ScyllaDB is making a major architecture shift. We’re moving from vNode replication to tablets – fragments of tables that are distributed independently, enabling dynamic data distribution and extreme elasticity. In this keynote, ScyllaDB co-founder and CTO Avi Kivity explains the reason for this shift, provides a look at the implementation and roadmap, and shares how this shift benefits ScyllaDB users.
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...
Direct losses from downtime in 1 minute = $5-$10 thousand dollars. Reputation is priceless.
As part of the talk, we will consider the architectural strategies necessary for the development of highly loaded fintech solutions. We will focus on using queues and streaming to efficiently work and manage large amounts of data in real-time and to minimize latency.
We will focus special attention on the architectural patterns used in the design of the fintech system, microservices and event-driven architecture, which ensure scalability, fault tolerance, and consistency of the entire system.
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
My presentation slides I used at JavaLand 2024
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
Katja Glaß
OpenStudyBuilder Community Manager - Katja Glaß Consulting
Marius Conjeaud
Principal Consultant - Neo4j
Northern Engraving | Modern Metal Trim, Nameplates and Appliance Panels
What began over 115 years ago as a supplier of precision gauges to the automotive industry has evolved into being an industry leader in the manufacture of product branding, automotive cockpit trim and decorative appliance trim. Value-added services include in-house Design, Engineering, Program Management, Test Lab and Tool Shops.
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation Parameters
Building automations in FME Flow can save time, money, and help businesses scale by eliminating data silos and providing data to stakeholders in real-time. One essential component to orchestrating complex automations is the use of attributes & automation parameters (both formerly known as “keys”). In fact, it’s unlikely you’ll ever build an Automation without using these components, but what exactly are they?
Attributes & automation parameters enable the automation author to pass data values from one automation component to the next. During this webinar, our FME Flow Specialists will cover leveraging the three types of these output attributes & parameters in FME Flow: Event, Custom, and Automation. As a bonus, they’ll also be making use of the Split-Merge Block functionality.
You’ll leave this webinar with a better understanding of how to maximize the potential of automations by making use of attributes & automation parameters, with the ultimate goal of setting your enterprise integration workflows up on autopilot.
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
Dmitrii Kamaev, PhD
Senior Product Owner - QIAGEN
LF Energy Webinar: Carbon Data Specifications: Mechanisms to Improve Data Acc...
This LF Energy webinar took place June 20, 2024. It featured:
-Alex Thornton, LF Energy
-Hallie Cramer, Google
-Daniel Roesler, UtilityAPI
-Henry Richardson, WattTime
In response to the urgency and scale required to effectively address climate change, open source solutions offer significant potential for driving innovation and progress. Currently, there is a growing demand for standardization and interoperability in energy data and modeling. Open source standards and specifications within the energy sector can also alleviate challenges associated with data fragmentation, transparency, and accessibility. At the same time, it is crucial to consider privacy and security concerns throughout the development of open source platforms.
This webinar will delve into the motivations behind establishing LF Energy’s Carbon Data Specification Consortium. It will provide an overview of the draft specifications and the ongoing progress made by the respective working groups.
Three primary specifications will be discussed:
-Discovery and client registration, emphasizing transparent processes and secure and private access
-Customer data, centering around customer tariffs, bills, energy usage, and full consumption disclosure
-Power systems data, focusing on grid data, inclusive of transmission and distribution networks, generation, intergrid power flows, and market settlement data
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
"Scaling RAG Applications to serve millions of users", Kevin Goedecke
How we managed to grow and scale a RAG application from zero to thousands of users in 7 months. Lessons from technical challenges around managing high load for LLMs, RAGs and Vector databases.
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
Mutation Testing for Task-Oriented Chatbots
Conversational agents, or chatbots, are increasingly used to access all sorts of services using natural language. While open-domain chatbots - like ChatGPT - can converse on any topic, task-oriented chatbots - the focus of this paper - are designed for specific tasks, like booking a flight, obtaining customer support, or setting an appointment. Like any other software, task-oriented chatbots need to be properly tested, usually by defining and executing test scenarios (i.e., sequences of user-chatbot interactions). However, there is currently a lack of methods to quantify the completeness and strength of such test scenarios, which can lead to low-quality tests, and hence to buggy chatbots.
To fill this gap, we propose adapting mutation testing (MuT) for task-oriented chatbots. To this end, we introduce a set of mutation operators that emulate faults in chatbot designs, an architecture that enables MuT on chatbots built using heterogeneous technologies, and a practical realisation as an Eclipse plugin. Moreover, we evaluate the applicability, effectiveness and efficiency of our approach on open-source chatbots, with promising results.
From Natural Language to Structured Solr Queries using LLMs
This talk draws on experimentation to enable AI applications with Solr. One important use case is to use AI for better accessibility and discoverability of the data: while User eXperience techniques, lexical search improvements, and data harmonization can take organizations to a good level of accessibility, a structural (or “cognitive” gap) remains between the data user needs and the data producer constraints.
That is where AI – and most importantly, Natural Language Processing and Large Language Model techniques – could make a difference. This natural language, conversational engine could facilitate access and usage of the data leveraging the semantics of any data source.
The objective of the presentation is to propose a technical approach and a way forward to achieve this goal.
The key concept is to enable users to express their search queries in natural language, which the LLM then enriches, interprets, and translates into structured queries based on the Solr index’s metadata.
This approach leverages the LLM’s ability to understand the nuances of natural language and the structure of documents within Apache Solr.
The LLM acts as an intermediary agent, offering a transparent experience to users automatically and potentially uncovering relevant documents that conventional search methods might overlook. The presentation will include the results of this experimental work, lessons learned, best practices, and the scope of future work that should improve the approach and make it production-ready.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity server
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
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High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
Northern Engraving | Modern Metal Trim, Nameplates and Appliance Panels
Northern Engraving | Modern Metal Trim, Nameplates and Appliance Panels
Poznań ACE event - 19.06.2024 Team 24 Wrapup slidedeck
Poznań ACE event - 19.06.2024 Team 24 Wrapup slidedeck
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation Parameters
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation Parameters
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
LF Energy Webinar: Carbon Data Specifications: Mechanisms to Improve Data Acc...
LF Energy Webinar: Carbon Data Specifications: Mechanisms to Improve Data Acc...
"Scaling RAG Applications to serve millions of users", Kevin Goedecke
"Scaling RAG Applications to serve millions of users", Kevin Goedecke
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
From Natural Language to Structured Solr Queries using LLMs
From Natural Language to Structured Solr Queries using LLMs
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity server
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity server
Arduino and the Promise of Open-Source Hardware
- 2. Arduino and the Promise of Open-Source Hardware David A. Mellis February 27, 2012
- 3. Context: Manufacturing in the Digital Age • Digital Fabrication (CAD/CAM) • Microcontrollers • Internet
- 4. Context: Manufacturing in the Digital Age • Crowd-Sourcing: CUUSOO (Muji, Lego), KickStarter, Quirky • On-Demand Production: i.materialise, Ponoko, Shapeways, Advanced Circuits • Online Marketplaces: Etsy, Amazon, eBay • Generative Design • Mass Customization • Open-Source Hardware
- 6. Arduino
- 7. Breathalyzer Genie by Christopher T. Palmer (Photo by Christian Spanring)
- 8. Biomimetic Butterflies by the Barbarian Group
- 9. Photo by Jens Erik Mikkelsen
- 10. Rancilio Silvia espresso machine hacking by Tim Hirzel
- 11. Earthwalk by Jens Franke & Thomas Gläser
- 13. “Source” • Digital design file • Can be translated into physical object • Has to be the original
- 15. “Open” • Sharing online • Allowing commercial use • Complicated by expensive CAD software
- 17. Why open-source hardware? • Economics • Education • Moral
- 18. Why does it matter? • New and growing practice • Alternative to proprietary production • Increasingly a norm
- 20. Product • Developed to be sold • Useful because you can buy it • New variations are often new products
- 21. Decentralized Open-Source Hardware Open-Source Software
- 22. Not very well. • Lack of software tools • Differing component selections • Monetary complications
- 25. Bootstrapping • Started with $2000 • Continually re-invested revenues • Possible because of digital (PCB) fabrication
- 26. Ecosystem
- 32. Ecosystem: Devices Evil Mad Scientist Laboratories
- 33. Ecosystem: Media
- 34. Limits to Openness • Manufacturing process • Suppliers • Trademark / branding
- 37. David Robert Tayo Falase Hannah Perner-Wilson Jean-Baptiste Labrune
- 41. Tim Kunkel Gonglue Jiang Andrew Payne Sarah Hirschman
- 42. Design for DIY Manufacturing diymanufacturing.mit.edu
- 43. Open-Source Hardware Community • Summit • Definition • Logo • Association
- 44. Thank you. David A. Mellis (mellis@media.mit.edu) http://web.media.mit.edu/~mellis/ http://diymanufacturing.mit.edu/