The document provides definitions and categorizations of events from various academic and practitioner perspectives. It defines events as temporary occurrences with a finite length that blend management, time, staff, attendees, and venue. Events are categorized as leisure, organizational, personal, or cultural. Major events attract significant visitors, media, and economic benefits, while hallmark and mega-events become synonymous with a place and yield high tourism, media coverage, and economic impact. The handbook seeks to update event planners and organizers by providing chapters on event planning models, strategies, marketing, logistics, financing, health and safety, and monitoring and evaluation.
Visual representation of the procurement process along with the activities to be conducted prior to procurement. The documents required for procurement. Also understanding stakeholders and stake holder management in procurement along with organization types and their impact on contract administration.
The document discusses various pricing strategies and concepts for companies to consider when developing their pricing approach. It covers 6 steps in setting price, including selecting a pricing objective, determining demand, estimating costs, analyzing competitors, selecting a pricing method, and choosing the final price. Some key pricing methods discussed are markup pricing, target-return pricing, and perceived-value pricing. The document also outlines price adaptation strategies companies can employ and how brands may respond to competitive price cuts.
The document discusses various inventory management policies and strategies. It defines different types of inventory including cycle stock, safety stock, anticipation inventory, and transportation inventory. It also discusses reasons for and against holding inventory, how inventory can hide underlying problems, and methods for controlling inventory such as ABC classification and risk pooling. Pull systems like top-up, kanban, and supermarket models are introduced as ways to manage replenishment from suppliers to processes.
This document outlines 15 steps for planning a wedding: 1) The proposal, 2) Choosing an engagement ring, 3) Picking a date, 4) Selecting wedding rings, 5) Determining number of guests, 6) Choosing ceremony and reception venues, 7) Planning the honeymoon, 8) Selecting a wedding dress, 9) Planning the menu, 10) Arranging decorations and flowers, 11) Choosing a cake, 12) Selecting music, 13) Sending invitations, and 14) The wedding ceremony. Key details include considering location, budget, guest list size, food and drink options, floral arrangements, wedding attire, and finalizing plans in advance.
The 7 step strategic sourcing framework is a popular model developed by ATKearney consulting to help companies lower costs through strategic procurement. The 7 steps include: 1) developing a category profile through spending and supply market analysis, 2) creating a sourcing strategy, 3) generating a supplier portfolio, 4) selecting an implementation plan such as negotiations or auctions, 5) negotiating and selecting suppliers, 6) implementing agreements, and 7) continuous improvement of the sourcing process. Major companies like P&G, HUL, IBM and Dell have used this framework to achieve cost savings of 10-20%.
The document discusses strategies for effective negotiations. It provides tips for preparing well, understanding all parties' needs and interests, managing personal negotiation style, and generating value through creativity. It emphasizes developing a framework based on sound theory and experience to ensure understanding total cost of ownership, avoiding leaving value on the table, managing conflict, and creating rather than just claiming value through a collaborative approach. Finally, it lists over 30 specific tips for planning and conducting a negotiation process, including identifying leverage, setting targets, deciding on tactics, documenting agreements, and adjusting strategies based on self-assessment.
The document provides definitions and categorizations of events from various academic and practitioner perspectives. It defines events as temporary occurrences with a finite length that blend management, time, staff, attendees, and venue. Events are categorized as leisure, organizational, personal, or cultural. Major events attract significant visitors, media, and economic benefits, while hallmark and mega-events become synonymous with a place and yield high tourism, media coverage, and economic impact. The handbook seeks to update event planners and organizers by providing chapters on event planning models, strategies, marketing, logistics, financing, health and safety, and monitoring and evaluation.
Visual representation of the procurement process along with the activities to be conducted prior to procurement. The documents required for procurement. Also understanding stakeholders and stake holder management in procurement along with organization types and their impact on contract administration.
The document discusses various pricing strategies and concepts for companies to consider when developing their pricing approach. It covers 6 steps in setting price, including selecting a pricing objective, determining demand, estimating costs, analyzing competitors, selecting a pricing method, and choosing the final price. Some key pricing methods discussed are markup pricing, target-return pricing, and perceived-value pricing. The document also outlines price adaptation strategies companies can employ and how brands may respond to competitive price cuts.
The document discusses various inventory management policies and strategies. It defines different types of inventory including cycle stock, safety stock, anticipation inventory, and transportation inventory. It also discusses reasons for and against holding inventory, how inventory can hide underlying problems, and methods for controlling inventory such as ABC classification and risk pooling. Pull systems like top-up, kanban, and supermarket models are introduced as ways to manage replenishment from suppliers to processes.
This document outlines 15 steps for planning a wedding: 1) The proposal, 2) Choosing an engagement ring, 3) Picking a date, 4) Selecting wedding rings, 5) Determining number of guests, 6) Choosing ceremony and reception venues, 7) Planning the honeymoon, 8) Selecting a wedding dress, 9) Planning the menu, 10) Arranging decorations and flowers, 11) Choosing a cake, 12) Selecting music, 13) Sending invitations, and 14) The wedding ceremony. Key details include considering location, budget, guest list size, food and drink options, floral arrangements, wedding attire, and finalizing plans in advance.
The 7 step strategic sourcing framework is a popular model developed by ATKearney consulting to help companies lower costs through strategic procurement. The 7 steps include: 1) developing a category profile through spending and supply market analysis, 2) creating a sourcing strategy, 3) generating a supplier portfolio, 4) selecting an implementation plan such as negotiations or auctions, 5) negotiating and selecting suppliers, 6) implementing agreements, and 7) continuous improvement of the sourcing process. Major companies like P&G, HUL, IBM and Dell have used this framework to achieve cost savings of 10-20%.
The document discusses strategies for effective negotiations. It provides tips for preparing well, understanding all parties' needs and interests, managing personal negotiation style, and generating value through creativity. It emphasizes developing a framework based on sound theory and experience to ensure understanding total cost of ownership, avoiding leaving value on the table, managing conflict, and creating rather than just claiming value through a collaborative approach. Finally, it lists over 30 specific tips for planning and conducting a negotiation process, including identifying leverage, setting targets, deciding on tactics, documenting agreements, and adjusting strategies based on self-assessment.
What is Procurement Methods and Process ITFCWalter Deagle
Know what is procurement, process, and different methods to ease the procurement cycle. And tips for procurement management and know about the other terms related to the procurement.
An introduction to the application of risk management to events and festivals. there is an accompanying voice frile on soundcloud - the URL is on slide 2
The document discusses various procurement scenarios and concepts including when a contractor does not show up for meetings, selecting a project manager after signing a contract, dealing with urgency and relations with suppliers. It also touches on centralized vs decentralized contracting, padding costs, terms and conditions, breaches of contract, negotiations, and the difference between contract and administrative closure.
The document provides guidance on planning an event by outlining key logistical considerations such as developing specifications for needed items and services, checking the budget, and determining what information will be requested from suppliers. It also describes including important event details in a brief, listing evaluation criteria and procedures, and maintaining a directory of potential suppliers. Guidelines are provided for the event team regarding punctuality, breaks, attire, meals, and cleanliness. Finally, tips are offered for selecting and communicating with event speakers.
This document discusses pricing strategies and considerations. It defines price as the amount charged for a product or service. Major pricing strategies discussed include customer value-based pricing, cost-based pricing, good-value pricing, value-added pricing, competition-based pricing, and break-even analysis/target profit pricing. Internal factors like product costs and external factors like competitors' strategies also influence pricing decisions. The document outlines different pricing strategies companies use for new products, product mixes, and adjusting prices.
In this world full of clutter breakthrough the minds of your consumers and make yourself etched with effective Sponsorship & Event marketing Program. Discover how !
Maths and music have had a close relationship throughout history. Pythagoras discovered that musical intervals were linked to precise numerical ratios, laying the foundation for modern music theory. During the Middle Ages, composers explored mathematical structures like the golden ratio, palindromes, and isorhythm in their compositions. Bach was a master of symmetrical structures and canons, applying complex mathematical rules and patterns to his music. Physics explains the properties of sound waves, including how factors like frequency, wavelength, and intensity relate to musical concepts like pitch, tone, and volume. Beats occur through interference between sounds of similar frequencies and were used by musicians to tune instruments.
Aggregate planning determines production levels and resource needs over the next 6-18 months. It aims to minimize total costs by setting optimal levels of production, inventory, workforce, overtime, and subcontracting. The aggregate planner considers demand forecasts, production costs, capacity constraints, and inventory and backlog costs to determine the best strategy of chasing demand, maintaining flexibility, or leveling production.
If your company needs to submit a Event Proposal Template PowerPoint Presentation Slides look no further. Our researchers have analyzed thousands of proposals on this topic for effectiveness and conversion. Just download our template, add your company data and submit to your client for a positive response. https://bit.ly/38tOcAQ
New Product Development & Product Life Cycle Strategies - MarketingFaHaD .H. NooR
New-Product Development Strategy
New-Product Development Process
Managing New-Product Development
Product Life-Cycle Strategies
Additional Product and Service Considerations
Acquisition refers to the buying of a whole company, a patent, or a license to produce someone else’s product
New product development refers to original products, product improvements, product modifications, and new brands developed from the firm’s own research and development
Any expenditure which is incurred in acquiring or increasing the value of a fixed asset is termed as capital expenditure. As such, the amount spent on the purchase of land and building, plant and machinery, furniture, etc. is capital expenditure. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on Capital Expenditure:- www.transtutors.com/homework-help/finance/capital-expenditure.aspx
This document discusses key concepts in marginal costing such as marginal cost, variable cost, fixed cost, contribution, and absorption costing. It provides examples of how to calculate marginal costs and contribution margins. It also highlights the differences between marginal costing and absorption costing, such as how fixed costs and inventory valuations are treated. Specifically, marginal costing only includes variable costs in inventory and product costing, while absorption costing includes both fixed and variable costs. This allows marginal costing to focus on contribution and profitability.
This document discusses consumer and business buyer behavior. It covers the factors that influence consumer and business decisions, the stages in the consumer and business decision processes, and the adoption of new products. The learning objectives are to understand consumer markets and behavior, the stages in the consumer decision process, and new product adoption. It also aims to define business markets, understand the factors in business behavior, and the steps in the business buying decision process.
Procurement involves obtaining goods and services for an organization. It includes identifying suppliers through delivery and aims to ensure an uninterrupted flow of materials at the lowest cost while improving quality and customer satisfaction. The role of procurement is to source the right quality and quantity of goods from reliable suppliers at the optimal price, time, location, and service level to meet the organization's needs.
Browse through our event planning PowerPoint template slides. Our designing team has crafted these beautiful presentation slides for your use. To position your products or services, you need to have an integrated marketing communication plan which can be designed using our event planning PPT slideshow. Events are difficult to manage, and they need meticulous planning. Any business organization needs to convey a clear message, which can be easily met through our event planning Presentations deck. You can represent your event outline, agenda, sponsorship opportunities and benefits for sponsors, etc., anything with our editable planning PowerPoint designs. Many business organizations feel incapable of organizing events, planning and executing their plans, etc. They do not have sufficient time and resources for creating an impactful presentation. Our event management and planning Presentation template will be perfect for you to highlight all the necessary tasks which are essential for business planning and success. You can add and edit the content as per your business needs. Just download this presentation template design, insert it on your presentation and then share it with who so ever you are looking to share with. Go about everything calmly with our Event Planning Powerpoint Presentation Slides. Don't allow it to get hectic. https://bit.ly/2WbqXI0
This document provides a guide for event planning in five phases: planning, time and budgeting, guest coordination, preparation, and food. It outlines key steps like defining objectives, researching venues, creating a schedule and budget, sending invitations, planning for contingencies, and choosing food options. The guide emphasizes preparation, defining all event elements upfront, and using any failures as learning experiences to improve future events. It is meant to help beginner event planners by detailing the essential considerations and processes for successful event coordination.
A breakeven analysis is used to determine how much sales volume your business needs to start making a profit.
The breakeven analysis is especially useful when you're developing a pricing strategy, either as part of a marketing plan or a business plan.
Setting Product Strategy
What is a Product?
Components of the Market Offering
Durability and Tangibility
Use
Consumer Goods Classification
The Product Hierarchy (using life insurance example)
Product Systems and Mixes
Product Line Analysis
Packaging , labeling warranties
Packaging Objectives
Functions of Labels
Informe de Gestión 2013-2014 Lic. Noris MedinaNoris Medina M.
La diputada Noris Medina presenta su informe de gestión para el año 2013-2014, destacando sus logros en comisiones legislativas, proyectos de ley presentados, actividades de fiscalización, representación y donaciones a la comunidad. Resalta su compromiso continuo con los objetivos planteados en su campaña de servir a los ciudadanos de su provincia de Barahona.
What is Procurement Methods and Process ITFCWalter Deagle
Know what is procurement, process, and different methods to ease the procurement cycle. And tips for procurement management and know about the other terms related to the procurement.
An introduction to the application of risk management to events and festivals. there is an accompanying voice frile on soundcloud - the URL is on slide 2
The document discusses various procurement scenarios and concepts including when a contractor does not show up for meetings, selecting a project manager after signing a contract, dealing with urgency and relations with suppliers. It also touches on centralized vs decentralized contracting, padding costs, terms and conditions, breaches of contract, negotiations, and the difference between contract and administrative closure.
The document provides guidance on planning an event by outlining key logistical considerations such as developing specifications for needed items and services, checking the budget, and determining what information will be requested from suppliers. It also describes including important event details in a brief, listing evaluation criteria and procedures, and maintaining a directory of potential suppliers. Guidelines are provided for the event team regarding punctuality, breaks, attire, meals, and cleanliness. Finally, tips are offered for selecting and communicating with event speakers.
This document discusses pricing strategies and considerations. It defines price as the amount charged for a product or service. Major pricing strategies discussed include customer value-based pricing, cost-based pricing, good-value pricing, value-added pricing, competition-based pricing, and break-even analysis/target profit pricing. Internal factors like product costs and external factors like competitors' strategies also influence pricing decisions. The document outlines different pricing strategies companies use for new products, product mixes, and adjusting prices.
In this world full of clutter breakthrough the minds of your consumers and make yourself etched with effective Sponsorship & Event marketing Program. Discover how !
Maths and music have had a close relationship throughout history. Pythagoras discovered that musical intervals were linked to precise numerical ratios, laying the foundation for modern music theory. During the Middle Ages, composers explored mathematical structures like the golden ratio, palindromes, and isorhythm in their compositions. Bach was a master of symmetrical structures and canons, applying complex mathematical rules and patterns to his music. Physics explains the properties of sound waves, including how factors like frequency, wavelength, and intensity relate to musical concepts like pitch, tone, and volume. Beats occur through interference between sounds of similar frequencies and were used by musicians to tune instruments.
Aggregate planning determines production levels and resource needs over the next 6-18 months. It aims to minimize total costs by setting optimal levels of production, inventory, workforce, overtime, and subcontracting. The aggregate planner considers demand forecasts, production costs, capacity constraints, and inventory and backlog costs to determine the best strategy of chasing demand, maintaining flexibility, or leveling production.
If your company needs to submit a Event Proposal Template PowerPoint Presentation Slides look no further. Our researchers have analyzed thousands of proposals on this topic for effectiveness and conversion. Just download our template, add your company data and submit to your client for a positive response. https://bit.ly/38tOcAQ
New Product Development & Product Life Cycle Strategies - MarketingFaHaD .H. NooR
New-Product Development Strategy
New-Product Development Process
Managing New-Product Development
Product Life-Cycle Strategies
Additional Product and Service Considerations
Acquisition refers to the buying of a whole company, a patent, or a license to produce someone else’s product
New product development refers to original products, product improvements, product modifications, and new brands developed from the firm’s own research and development
Any expenditure which is incurred in acquiring or increasing the value of a fixed asset is termed as capital expenditure. As such, the amount spent on the purchase of land and building, plant and machinery, furniture, etc. is capital expenditure. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on Capital Expenditure:- www.transtutors.com/homework-help/finance/capital-expenditure.aspx
This document discusses key concepts in marginal costing such as marginal cost, variable cost, fixed cost, contribution, and absorption costing. It provides examples of how to calculate marginal costs and contribution margins. It also highlights the differences between marginal costing and absorption costing, such as how fixed costs and inventory valuations are treated. Specifically, marginal costing only includes variable costs in inventory and product costing, while absorption costing includes both fixed and variable costs. This allows marginal costing to focus on contribution and profitability.
This document discusses consumer and business buyer behavior. It covers the factors that influence consumer and business decisions, the stages in the consumer and business decision processes, and the adoption of new products. The learning objectives are to understand consumer markets and behavior, the stages in the consumer decision process, and new product adoption. It also aims to define business markets, understand the factors in business behavior, and the steps in the business buying decision process.
Procurement involves obtaining goods and services for an organization. It includes identifying suppliers through delivery and aims to ensure an uninterrupted flow of materials at the lowest cost while improving quality and customer satisfaction. The role of procurement is to source the right quality and quantity of goods from reliable suppliers at the optimal price, time, location, and service level to meet the organization's needs.
Browse through our event planning PowerPoint template slides. Our designing team has crafted these beautiful presentation slides for your use. To position your products or services, you need to have an integrated marketing communication plan which can be designed using our event planning PPT slideshow. Events are difficult to manage, and they need meticulous planning. Any business organization needs to convey a clear message, which can be easily met through our event planning Presentations deck. You can represent your event outline, agenda, sponsorship opportunities and benefits for sponsors, etc., anything with our editable planning PowerPoint designs. Many business organizations feel incapable of organizing events, planning and executing their plans, etc. They do not have sufficient time and resources for creating an impactful presentation. Our event management and planning Presentation template will be perfect for you to highlight all the necessary tasks which are essential for business planning and success. You can add and edit the content as per your business needs. Just download this presentation template design, insert it on your presentation and then share it with who so ever you are looking to share with. Go about everything calmly with our Event Planning Powerpoint Presentation Slides. Don't allow it to get hectic. https://bit.ly/2WbqXI0
This document provides a guide for event planning in five phases: planning, time and budgeting, guest coordination, preparation, and food. It outlines key steps like defining objectives, researching venues, creating a schedule and budget, sending invitations, planning for contingencies, and choosing food options. The guide emphasizes preparation, defining all event elements upfront, and using any failures as learning experiences to improve future events. It is meant to help beginner event planners by detailing the essential considerations and processes for successful event coordination.
A breakeven analysis is used to determine how much sales volume your business needs to start making a profit.
The breakeven analysis is especially useful when you're developing a pricing strategy, either as part of a marketing plan or a business plan.
Setting Product Strategy
What is a Product?
Components of the Market Offering
Durability and Tangibility
Use
Consumer Goods Classification
The Product Hierarchy (using life insurance example)
Product Systems and Mixes
Product Line Analysis
Packaging , labeling warranties
Packaging Objectives
Functions of Labels
Informe de Gestión 2013-2014 Lic. Noris MedinaNoris Medina M.
La diputada Noris Medina presenta su informe de gestión para el año 2013-2014, destacando sus logros en comisiones legislativas, proyectos de ley presentados, actividades de fiscalización, representación y donaciones a la comunidad. Resalta su compromiso continuo con los objetivos planteados en su campaña de servir a los ciudadanos de su provincia de Barahona.
Este documento presenta un resumen de la Lección 4 sobre el poder y la autoridad de Jesús según se describe en los capítulos 8 y 9 de Mateo. 1) Jesús utilizó su poder para servir y levantar a la humanidad caída, mostrando compasión por los enfermos y pecadores. 2) Su reino es inclusivo y quien se acerca a él con fe se siente aceptado y perdonado. 3) La fe debe sobrepasar los límites de la razón humana para llevar una vida tranquila.
SportzConsult is India's premier sports management company that was founded in 2008. It has over 100 corporate clients and focuses on leveraging sports to help companies meet business goals through brand building, creating sports experiences for fans, and positively impacting sports in India. The company has a team of 30 people with experience in sports, media, advertising and consulting. It provides services across marketing, rights and sponsorships, corporate sports programs, and ticketing. Case studies highlight its work organizing large-scale corporate sports tournaments and leagues for clients across multiple cities in India.
Level Control of Tank System Using PID Controller-A ReviewIJSRD
This paper discusses the review of level control of tank system using PID controller. PID controller use for one or more tank system. PID has fast response. Paper present different methods of level control. Eliminate the steady state error. It is most common way of solving problems of practical control systems.
organisation behavior structure and designManish Tiwari
This document discusses organizational structure and design. It presents information on different types of organizational structures including simple, functional, and matrix structures. Various charts are included that provide data on communication methods, performance appraisal processes, training initiatives, and satisfaction metrics for employees and consumers within organizations.
Design Mathematical Tunable Gain PID-Like Sliding Mode Fuzzy Controller With ...Waqas Tariq
In this study, a mathematical tunable gain model free PID-like sliding mode fuzzy controller (GTSMFC) is designed to rich the best performance. Sliding mode fuzzy controller is studied because of its model free, stable and high performance. Today, most of systems (e.g., robot manipulators) are used in unknown and unstructured environment and caused to provide sophisticated systems, therefore strong mathematical tools (e.g., nonlinear sliding mode controller) are used in artificial intelligent control methodologies to design model free nonlinear robust controller with high performance (e.g., minimum error, good trajectory, disturbance rejection). Non linear classical theories have been applied successfully in many applications, but they also have some limitation. One of the best nonlinear robust controller which can be used in uncertainty nonlinear systems, are sliding mode controller but pure sliding mode controller has some disadvantages therefore this research focuses on applied sliding mode controller in fuzzy logic theory to solve the limitation in fuzzy logic controller and sliding mode controller. One of the most important challenging in pure sliding mode controller and sliding mode fuzzy controller is sliding surface slope. This paper focuses on adjusting the gain updating factor and sliding surface slope in PID like sliding mode fuzzy controller to have the best performance and reduce the limitation.
Detección de Humo y Gases por AspiraciónXtralisSpain
El documento describe los sistemas de detección de humo y gases mediante aspiración, incluyendo las normativas que los rigen, sus características, aplicaciones y tipos de instalación. Los sistemas de detección por aspiración permiten la detección temprana de incendios de manera activa y flexible en una variedad de entornos.
The document discusses the Indian Premier League (IPL), an annual Twenty20 cricket tournament in India. It provides details on the IPL introduction and model, revenue sources like television rights and sponsorships, marketing strategies, and auction rules for teams. The IPL has been very successful in attracting large audiences and revenues due to its unique combination of cricket, entertainment, and bollywood star involvement. It is now the most-watched cricket league in the world.
Where Fantasy Sports Meets Sports Betting - Playnbrag.comOisin Walsh
Where Fantasy Sports meets Sports Betting - Where friends can challenge each other on 10 different sports for Fun, Beer or Cash - with minimum hassle and fuss for 1 day, 1 weekend of sport, or longer.
The document provides information about the author's experience as a sports editor, columnist, and broadcaster. It then lists 10 qualities of a good sports writer, including accurately reporting on games, being fair and unbiased, knowing the sports and teams well, and using descriptive language. Finally, it discusses different styles and elements of sports writing like leads, headlines, and specialized vocabulary.
This document provides guidelines for planning speed training for team sports. It discusses understanding the speed requirements of different sports, acknowledging the physical stimulus of games while knowing games are not optimal for fitness. It outlines considering individual factors when planning. The document recommends annual planning while writing plans in pencil, emphasizing recovery. It discusses applying the correct training tools and following best practice session guidelines. It also notes the importance of logistics, balance, and considering speed training as an ongoing process with windows of opportunity.
The document discusses various cost concepts in business economics including cost functions, opportunity costs, types of costs, fixed and variable costs, total costs, average costs, marginal costs, break-even analysis, contribution margin, and profit-volume ratio. It provides definitions and formulas for these concepts and illustrates their calculation and application in decision making.
1. The document provides definitions and concepts related to cost accounting, including definitions of cost, costing, cost accounting, and different types of costs.
2. It discusses cost objects like cost centers and cost units. It also discusses different types of costing techniques like job costing, process costing, etc.
3. The document contains examples of cost sheets and problems to prepare cost sheets from given financial information about materials, labor, expenses, production units, sales, and overhead costs. It provides the framework to calculate prime cost, factory cost, cost of production, cost of sales and profit.
Economies of scale occur when average costs decrease as production increases. This allows firms to produce at a lower per-unit cost by spreading fixed costs over more units of output. However, diseconomies of scale can emerge at very large scales of production as coordination and communication problems increase. Firms should aim to produce at an efficient scale where average costs are minimized, taking into account both economies and diseconomies of scale.
This document discusses contestable markets and provides examples of industries with varying degrees of contestability. It defines a contestable market as one where entry and exit decisions can be made without cost. Key factors that determine contestability include the absence of sunk costs, access to technology, consumer loyalty, and size of entry barriers. Various industries like movies on demand, retail coffee stores, and budget hotels are assessed as having high contestability, while industries like household mail services currently have low contestability but this may be rising. The document also examines pricing strategies in highly contestable markets and discusses concepts like hit-and-run entry and barriers to exit.
The document discusses key concepts in engineering economics including:
1. Economics deals with production, consumption, exchange and distribution of wealth for human welfare. Economic goals include employment, price stability, efficiency and equitable distribution.
2. Laws of supply and demand influence the flow of goods, services, resources and money in an economy. Supply increases with price and demand decreases with price.
3. Cost concepts like fixed costs, variable costs, and marginal costs are important for determining the break-even point and profit-volume ratio of a business. Process planning aims to determine the most economical sequence of operations to produce a component at lowest cost.
1) In the short run, firms have both fixed and variable costs. Fixed costs do not depend on output while variable costs do. Marginal cost is the change in total cost from producing one more unit of output.
2) As a firm increases output in the short run, marginal costs will initially decrease but eventually rise as it approaches its fixed capacity. Average costs also fall at first but then rise as marginal costs increase.
3) A profit-maximizing firm will produce the quantity where marginal revenue equals marginal cost, which is also where average total cost is minimized in perfect competition. The marginal cost curve represents the firm's short-run supply curve.
- In the short run, firms have fixed costs that do not depend on output level. They also have variable costs that vary with output. Total costs are the sum of fixed and variable costs.
- Marginal cost is the change in total cost from producing one additional unit. It reflects changes in variable costs. Marginal cost typically rises as output increases in the short run due to diminishing returns.
- A profit-maximizing firm will produce the quantity where marginal revenue equals marginal cost. In perfect competition, this occurs where price equals marginal cost.
- In the short run, firms have fixed costs that do not depend on output level. They also have variable costs that vary with output. Total costs are the sum of fixed and variable costs.
- Marginal cost is the change in total cost from producing one additional unit. It reflects changes in variable costs. Marginal cost typically rises as output increases in the short run due to diminishing returns.
- A profit-maximizing firm will produce the quantity where marginal revenue equals marginal cost. In perfect competition, this occurs where price equals marginal cost.
This document provides an overview of managerial economics concepts. It discusses decision making processes, basic economic analysis tools used in decision making including demand, supply, market equilibrium, elasticity, and market structure. It also covers production and cost analysis concepts such as production functions, cost functions, returns to scale, and optimal input utilization. Additionally, it discusses macroeconomic indicators like GDP, inflation, unemployment, and the business cycle. Finally, it briefly introduces monetary and fiscal policy tools.
The document discusses various pricing strategies and concepts in managerial accounting, including target costing, cost-plus pricing, time and material pricing, transfer pricing, and considerations for pricing transfers between divisions in different countries. It provides examples to illustrate how to calculate target costs, determine selling prices using cost-plus methods, set hourly labor rates, and establish transfer prices within and between organizations.
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to costs, including opportunity costs, sunk costs, fixed costs, variable costs, marginal costs, average costs, and direct vs. indirect costs. It discusses cost-volume-profit analysis and the calculation of breakeven point. Examples are provided to illustrate opportunity cost decisions and the differences between various cost types. The document also summarizes accounting rules regarding product costs, period costs, and the treatment of expenses.
Here are the steps to solve this example:
1. Estimate the total cost function:
TC = a + bQ + cQ^2
2. Take the first derivative of the total cost function to get the average cost function:
AC = b + 2cQ
3. Take the first derivative of the average cost function and set equal to 0 to minimize AC:
b + 2cQ = 0
Q = -b/2c
4. Plug back into the average cost function to get the minimum AC.
5. Compare minimum AC to market price to determine if production should continue.
In this example, the estimated total cost function is:
TC = 700
This document provides an overview of cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis, which examines how a firm's sales volume, selling price, cost structure, and profitability interact. It presents the basic one-product CVP model using equations and contribution margin concepts. Key assumptions of the CVP model are discussed. The document also covers break-even analysis, target profit analysis, margin of safety, changes in variables, multi-product CVP models, operating leverage, and an example problem analyzing CVP relationships for a company.
unit 2 CVP analysis, Break-even point.pptxuday231983
The National Anti-profiteering Authority (NAA) in India has issued letters to 50 consumer goods companies and over-the-counter drug makers to check if they have passed on the benefits of reduced GST rates to consumers. NAA is questioning the pricing strategies of companies like Mankind Pharma, Johnson & Johnson, and Colgate-Palmolive. Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis is an important tool that provides information on the behavior of costs with changes in volume, break-even points, sensitivity of profits to output changes, and profits for projected sales levels. Break-even analysis determines the sales volume needed to cover total costs and is a key aspect of CVP analysis.
This document discusses break-even analysis and cost-volume-profit analysis. It defines break-even analysis as determining the level at which costs and revenues are equal. It explains how to calculate the break-even point by determining fixed and variable expenses. It provides an example of calculating contribution margin ratio and break-even point using sales, fixed expenses, and variable expenses. It also discusses how changes in factors like sales price, expenses, or sales volume impact break-even analysis.
This document discusses cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis and cost curves. It begins by defining CVP analysis as a technique for studying the relationship between costs, volume, and profit. It then outlines the assumptions of CVP analysis and describes three techniques: contribution analysis, profit-volume ratio analysis, and break-even analysis. The document also discusses average cost (AC), total cost (TC), and marginal cost (MC) curves in both the short-run and long-run, explaining how they are related and their different shapes.
This document provides an overview of pricing strategy and the pricing process. It discusses determining demand through analyzing price sensitivity and elasticity. It also covers estimating costs, analyzing competitors, and selecting a pricing method. The document presents concepts like economies of scale, experience curves, break-even analysis, and outsourcing. It concludes with factors to consider when selecting the final price, such as other marketing activities and company pricing policies.
Breakeven analysis examines the relationship between costs, revenue, output levels and profit. It is an important short-term planning tool. Breakeven analysis determines the break even point, which is the sales volume needed for revenues to equal total costs. It also determines the margin of safety, which is the difference between expected sales and break even sales. Examples show how to calculate break even point, margin of safety, and sales needed to achieve a target profit level using contribution per unit and fixed costs. Limitations include the assumptions of fixed versus variable costs and constant prices and efficiency.
The digital marketing industry is changing faster than ever and those who don’t adapt with the times are losing market share. Where should marketers be focusing their efforts? What strategies are the experts seeing get the best results? Get up-to-speed with the latest industry insights, trends and predictions for the future in this panel discussion with some leading digital marketing experts.
Capstone Project: Luxury Handloom Saree Brand
As part of my college project, I applied my learning in brand strategy to create a comprehensive project for a luxury handloom saree brand. Key aspects of this project included:
- *Competitor Analysis:* Conducted in-depth competitor analysis to identify market position and differentiation opportunities.
- *Target Audience:* Defined and segmented the target audience to tailor brand messages effectively.
- *Brand Strategy:* Developed a detailed brand strategy to enhance market presence and appeal.
- *Brand Perception:* Analyzed and shaped the brand perception to align with luxury and heritage values.
- *Brand Ladder:* Created a brand ladder to outline the brand's core values, benefits, and attributes.
- *Brand Architecture:* Established a cohesive brand architecture to ensure consistency across all brand touchpoints.
This project helped me gain practical experience in brand strategy, from research and analysis to strategic planning and implementation.
Gokila digital marketing| consultant| Coimbatoredmgokila
Myself Gokila digital marketing consultant located in Coimbatore other various types of digital marketing services such as SEM
SEO SMO SMM CAMPAIGNS content writing web design for all your business needs with affordable cost
Digital Marketing Services | Techvolt Software :
Digital Marketing is a latest method of Marketing techniques widely used across the Globe. Digital Marketing is an online marketing technique and methods used for all products and services through Search Engine and Social media advertisements. Previously the marketing techniques were used without using the internet via direct and indirect marketing strategies such as advertising through Telemarketing,Newspapers,Televisions,Posters etc.
List of Services offered in Digital Marketing |Techvolt Software :
Techvolt Software offers best Digital Marketing services for promoting your products and services through online platform on the below methods of Digital marketing
1. Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
2. Search Engine Marketing (SEM)
3. Social Media Optimization (SMO)
4. Social Media Marketing (SMM)
5. Campaigns
Importance | Need of Digital Marketing (Online Promotions) :
1. Quick Promotions through Online
2. Generation of More leads and Business Enquiries via Search Engine and Social Media Platform
3. Latest Technology development vs Business promotions
4. Creation of Social Branding
5. Promotion with less investment
Benefits Digital Marketing Services at Techvolt software :
1. Services offered with Affordable cost
2. Free Content writing
3. Free Dynamic Website design*
4. Best combo offers on website Hosting,design along with digital marketing services
5. Assured Lead Generation through Search Engine and Social Media
6. Online Maintenance Support
Free Website + Digital Marketing Services
Techvolt Software offers Free website design for all customer and clients who is availing the digital marketing services for a minimum period of 6 months.
With Regards
Gokila digital marketer
Coimbatore
QuickBooks Sync Manager Repair Tool- What You Need to Knowmarkmargaret23
Occurrence of technical errors on QuickBooks is common but it can be resolved with the use of QuickBooks Sync Manager Tool . With the help of this too, users can sync the QuickBooks Desktop company file with the Intuit online server. It is compatible with versions QuickBooks Pro, Premier, or Enterprise. In case a user faces sync-related errors then they simply need this repair tool.
Lily Ray - Optimize the Forest, Not the Trees: Move Beyond SEO Checklist - Mo...Amsive
Lily Ray, Vice President of SEO Strategy & Research at Amsive, explores optimizing strategies for sustainable growth and explores the impact of AI on the SEO landscape.
The Strategic Impact of Storytelling in the Age of AI
In the grand tapestry of marketing, where algorithms analyze data and artificial intelligence predicts trends, one essential thread remains constant — the timeless art of storytelling. As we stand on the precipice of a new era driven by AI, join me in unraveling the narrative alchemy that transforms brands from mere entities into captivating tales that resonate across the digital landscape. In this exploration, we will discover how, in the face of advancing technology, the human touch of a well-crafted story becomes not just a marketing tool but the very essence that breathes life into brands and forges lasting connections with our audience.
Empowering Influencers: The New Center of Brand-Consumer Dynamics
In the current market landscape, establishing genuine connections with consumers is crucial. This presentation, "Empowering Influencers: The New Center of Brand-Consumer Dynamics," explores how influencers have become pivotal in shaping brand-consumer relationships. We will examine the strategic use of influencers to create authentic, engaging narratives that resonate deeply with target audiences, driving success in the evolved purchase funnel.
The digital marketing industry is changing faster than ever and those who don’t adapt with the times are losing market share. Where should marketers be focusing their efforts? What strategies are the experts seeing get the best results? Get up-to-speed with the latest industry insights, trends and predictions for the future in this panel discussion with some leading digital marketing experts.
In this humorous and data-heavy session, join us in a joyous celebration of life honoring the long list of SEO tactics and concepts we lost this year. Remember fondly the beautiful time you shared with defunct ideas like link building, keyword cannibalization, search volume as a value indicator, and even our most cherished of friends: the funnel. Make peace with their loss as you embrace a new paradigm for organic content: Pillar-Based Marketing. Along the way, discover that the results that old SEO and all its trappings brought you weren’t really very good at all, actually.
In this respectful and life-affirming service—erm, session—join Ryan Brock (Chief Solution Officer at DemandJump and author of Pillar-Based Marketing: A Data-Driven Methodology for SEO and Content that Actually Works) and leave with:
• Clear and compelling evidence that most legacy SEO metrics and tactics have slim to no impact on SEO outcomes
• A major mindset shift that eliminates most of the metrics and tactics associated with SEO in favor of a single metric that defines and drives organic ranking success
• Practical, step-by-step methodology for choosing SEO pillar topics and publishing content quickly that ranks fast
Unlock the secrets to enhancing your digital presence with our masterclass on mastering online visibility. Learn actionable strategies to boost your brand, optimize your social media, and leverage SEO. Transform your online footprint into a powerful tool for growth and engagement.
Key Takeaways:
1. Effective techniques to increase your brand's visibility across various online platforms.
2. Strategies for optimizing social media profiles and content to maximize reach and engagement.
3. Insights into leveraging SEO best practices to improve search engine rankings and drive organic traffic.
Google Ads Vs Social Media Ads-A comparative analysisakashrawdot
Explore the differences, advantages, and strategies of using Google Ads vs Social Media Ads for online advertising. This presentation will provide insights into how each platform operates, their unique features, and how they can be leveraged to achieve marketing goals.
Customer Experience is not only for B2C and big box brands. Embark on a transformative journey into the realm of B2B customer experience with our masterclass. In this dynamic session, we'll delve into the intricacies of designing and implementing seamless customer journeys that leave a lasting impression. Explore proven strategies and best practices tailored specifically for the B2B landscape, learning how to navigate complex decision-making processes and cultivate meaningful relationships with clients. From initial engagement to post-sale support, discover how to optimize every touchpoint to deliver exceptional experiences that drive loyalty and revenue growth. Join us and unlock the keys to unparalleled success in the B2B arena.
Key Takeaways:
1. Identify your customer journey and growth areas
2. Build a three-step customer experience strategy
3. Put your CX data to use and drive action in your organization
This session will aim to comprehensively review the current state of artificial intelligence techniques for emotional recognition and their potential applications in optimizing digital advertising strategies. Key studies developing AI models for multimodal emotion recognition from videos, images, and neurophysiological signals were analyzed to build content for this session. The session delves deeper into the current challenges, opportunities to help realize the full benefits of emotion AI for personalized digital marketing.
Build marketing products across the customer journey to grow your business and build a relationship with your customer. For example you can build graders, calculators, quizzes, recommendations, chatbots or AR apps. Things like Hubspot's free marketing grader, Moz's site analyzer, VenturePact's mobile app cost calculator, new york times's dialect quiz, Ikea's AR app, L'Oreal's AR app and Nike's fitness apps. All of these examples are free tools that help drive engagement with your brand, build an audience and generate leads for your core business by adding value to a customer during a micro-moment.
Key Takeaways:
Learn how to use specific GPTs to help you Learn how to build your own marketing tools
Generate marketing ideas for your business How to think through and use AI in marketing
How AI changes the marketing game
Are you struggling to differentiate yourself in a saturated market? Do you find it challenging to attract and retain buyers? Learn how to effectively communicate your expertise using a Free Book Funnel designed to address these challenges and attract premium clients. This session will explore how a well-crafted book can be your most effective marketing tool, enhancing your credibility while significantly increasing your leads and sales while decreasing overall lead cost. Unpacking practical steps to create a magnetic book funnel that not only draws in your ideal customers, but also keeps them engaged. Break through the noise in the marketing world and leave with a blueprint that will transform your sales strategy.
Can you kickstart content marketing when you have a small team or even a team of one? Why yes, you can! Dennis Shiao, founder of marketing agency Attention Retention will detail how to draw insights from subject matter experts (SMEs) and turn them into articles, bylines, blog posts, social media posts and more. He’ll also share tips on content licensing and how to establish a webinar program. Attend this session to learn how to make an impact with content marketing even when you have a small team and limited resources.
Key Takeaways:
- You don't need a large team to start a content marketing program
- A webinar program yields a "one-to-many" approach to content creation
- Use partnerships and licensing to create new content assets
Yes, It's Your Fault Book Launch WebinarDemandbase
From Blame to Gain: Achieving Sales and Marketing Alignment to Drive B2B Growth.
Tired of the perpetual tug-of-war between your sales and marketing teams? Come hear Demandbase Chief Marketing Officer, Kelly Hopping and Chief Sales Officer, John Eitel discuss key insights from their new book, “Yes, It’s Your Fault! From Blame to Gain: Achieving Sales and Marketing Alignment to Drive B2B Growth.”
They’ll share their no-nonsense approach to bridging the sales and marketing divide to drive true collaboration — once and for all.
In this webinar, you’ll discover:
The underlying dynamics fueling sales and marketing misalignment
How to implement practical solutions without disrupting day-to-day operations
How to cultivate a culture of collaboration and unity for long-term success
How to align on metrics that matter
Why it’s essential to break down technology and data silos
How ABM can be a powerful unifier
1. Application of Marketing Math
Reference Case:--
Basic Quantitative Analysis for marketing
Low – Tech Marketing Math (Harvard Business School)
Presented by:--
Aritra Banerjee (23/008)
Saakshi Nayak (23/028)
2. Cost - Revenue Analysis
For the purpose marketing analysis of any product or services we need to have to determine :--
Price
( cost + margin)
Volume
Distribution ( selling and distribution cost)
Competitive forces
3. Cost- Types
1. Fixed cost : Remains constant irrespective of volume of production or sales
a. Total fixed cost (TFC) TFC= K (K: constant)
b. Average fixed cost ( TFC/ number of units produced or sold)
k
Pic source : http://www2.owen.vanderbilt.edu
7. Break Even Point
The break-even point (BEP) is the point at which total cost and total revenue are equal.
There is no profit no loss
An indicative tool which helps in making marketing strategies.
Mathematically represented as:--
Break Even Volume = Total fixed cost
contribution per unit