Md. Saydur Rahman presented on the application of biopharmaceutics in new drug development. Biopharmaceutics studies the chemical and physical properties of drugs and their biological effects. Developing new drugs is a long, expensive process involving discovery, pre-clinical testing, clinical trials, and post-approval surveillance. Biopharmaceutics is important throughout this process to understand a drug's absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Early stages involve finding lead compounds through target identification and validation. Pre-clinical testing assesses toxicity, kinetics, and carcinogenicity in vitro and in vivo before human trials. Clinical trials have three phases to evaluate safety, efficacy, and side effects. Post-marketing surveillance monitors drugs after approval.
In this presentation Pharmacology III Unit V covered
Following points are included;
Various Definitions:
Acute toxicity
Subacute toxicity
Chronic toxicity
Genotoxicity,
Carcinogenicity,
Teratogenicity
Mutagenicity
General principles of treatment of poisoning
Clinical symptoms and management of various poisoning conditions.
like Barbiturate poisoning, Morphinpoisoning, Organophosphoruspoisoning, Lead poisoning, mercury poisoning, Arsenin poisoning, And its specific antidote
In this presentation Pharmacology III Unit V covered
Following points are included;
Various Definitions:
Acute toxicity
Subacute toxicity
Chronic toxicity
Genotoxicity,
Carcinogenicity,
Teratogenicity
Mutagenicity
General principles of treatment of poisoning
Clinical symptoms and management of various poisoning conditions.
like Barbiturate poisoning, Morphinpoisoning, Organophosphoruspoisoning, Lead poisoning, mercury poisoning, Arsenin poisoning, And its specific antidote
toxicology study according to OECD guidelines, organisation for economic co-orporation and developement, jasdeep singh , maharaja ranjit singh punjab technical university bathinda
Bioavailability (BA) studies play a major role in the drug development phase for both new drug products and their generic equivalents, and thus attract considerable attention globally. There are several approaches to assess BA and each regulatory authority has its own regulations/guidance for conducting BA studies before approving generic products for marketing in their country. Therefore, a thorough understanding is required of these BA concepts and basic regulatory considerations for conducting BA studies. This article briefly reviews the BA concepts, approaches, designs, and conducting and analysis of data obtained.
INTRODUCTION
• Bioavailability means the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a drug product and becomes available at the site of action. For drug products that are not intended to be absorbed into the bloodstream, bioavailability may be assessed by measurements intended to reflect the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety becomes available at the site of action.
• Results in 100% bioavailability as the absorption process is bypassed.
• The absolute bioavailability of a drug, when administered by an extra vascular route is usually less than one (i.e. F<100%).> Oral > Rectal > Topical.
A systematic approach to ensure bioavailability of pharmaceutical products:
BIOAVAILABILITY
It the degree to which, or the rate at which, a medication or other substance is absorbed or becomes available at the targeted place in the body. Bioavailability can be influenced by inactive ingredients (see Excipients) in the drug such as additives that prevent the medication from dissolving in the stomach. If a medication that is intended to be taken on an empty stomach is taken instead with food, this can also change the absorption rate and affect the bioavailability of the active ingredient
BIO AVAILABILITY FRACTION (F):
Bio available fraction it refers to the fraction of administered dose that enters the systemic circulation.
*100
Pharmaceutical Associations and Statutory CouncilsSai Datri Arige
Society
the aggregate of people living together in a more or less ordered community.
Association
an organization of persons having a common interest
associations and councils of pharmaceutical industry are work for the welfare and empowerment of its members
A brief description of history,drugs and cosmetics acts and rules, various drug schedules included in the act and rules, brief description of drug schedules, Recent amendments, etc.
Educational and therapeutic topic on asthma for MBBS and MD pharmacology students. other students like BDS , BHMS, BAMS etc can use for knowledge. and academic purpose.
toxicology study according to OECD guidelines, organisation for economic co-orporation and developement, jasdeep singh , maharaja ranjit singh punjab technical university bathinda
Bioavailability (BA) studies play a major role in the drug development phase for both new drug products and their generic equivalents, and thus attract considerable attention globally. There are several approaches to assess BA and each regulatory authority has its own regulations/guidance for conducting BA studies before approving generic products for marketing in their country. Therefore, a thorough understanding is required of these BA concepts and basic regulatory considerations for conducting BA studies. This article briefly reviews the BA concepts, approaches, designs, and conducting and analysis of data obtained.
INTRODUCTION
• Bioavailability means the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety is absorbed from a drug product and becomes available at the site of action. For drug products that are not intended to be absorbed into the bloodstream, bioavailability may be assessed by measurements intended to reflect the rate and extent to which the active ingredient or active moiety becomes available at the site of action.
• Results in 100% bioavailability as the absorption process is bypassed.
• The absolute bioavailability of a drug, when administered by an extra vascular route is usually less than one (i.e. F<100%).> Oral > Rectal > Topical.
A systematic approach to ensure bioavailability of pharmaceutical products:
BIOAVAILABILITY
It the degree to which, or the rate at which, a medication or other substance is absorbed or becomes available at the targeted place in the body. Bioavailability can be influenced by inactive ingredients (see Excipients) in the drug such as additives that prevent the medication from dissolving in the stomach. If a medication that is intended to be taken on an empty stomach is taken instead with food, this can also change the absorption rate and affect the bioavailability of the active ingredient
BIO AVAILABILITY FRACTION (F):
Bio available fraction it refers to the fraction of administered dose that enters the systemic circulation.
*100
Pharmaceutical Associations and Statutory CouncilsSai Datri Arige
Society
the aggregate of people living together in a more or less ordered community.
Association
an organization of persons having a common interest
associations and councils of pharmaceutical industry are work for the welfare and empowerment of its members
A brief description of history,drugs and cosmetics acts and rules, various drug schedules included in the act and rules, brief description of drug schedules, Recent amendments, etc.
Educational and therapeutic topic on asthma for MBBS and MD pharmacology students. other students like BDS , BHMS, BAMS etc can use for knowledge. and academic purpose.
Regulatory requirements for drug approval - industrial pharmacy IIJafarali Masi
Regulatory requirements for drug approval - industrial pharmacy IIDrug Development Teams, Non-Clinical Drug Development, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, General considerations of Investigational New Drug (IND) Application, Investigator’s Brochure (IB) and New Drug Application (NDA), Clinical research / BE studies, Clinical Research Protocols, Biostatistics in Pharmaceutical Product Development, Data Presentation for FDA Submissions, Management of Clinical Studies.
The stages of Drug Discovery and Development processA M O L D E O R E
Drug development is the process of bringing a new pharmaceutical drug to the market once a lead compound has been identified through the process of drug discovery. It includes preclinical research on microorganisms and animals, filing for regulatory status, such as via the United States Food and Drug Administration for an investigational new drug to initiate clinical trials on humans, and may include the step of obtaining regulatory approval with a new drug application to market the drug
Regulatory Requirements For New Drug Approval.
This topic is from Industrial Pharmacy-II, B.Pharm Final year VIIth semester.
It include rule and regulations related to new drug approval for clinical use.
This presentation, created by Syed Faiz ul Hassan, explores the profound influence of media on public perception and behavior. It delves into the evolution of media from oral traditions to modern digital and social media platforms. Key topics include the role of media in information propagation, socialization, crisis awareness, globalization, and education. The presentation also examines media influence through agenda setting, propaganda, and manipulative techniques used by advertisers and marketers. Furthermore, it highlights the impact of surveillance enabled by media technologies on personal behavior and preferences. Through this comprehensive overview, the presentation aims to shed light on how media shapes collective consciousness and public opinion.
This presentation by Morris Kleiner (University of Minnesota), was made during the discussion “Competition and Regulation in Professions and Occupations” held at the Working Party No. 2 on Competition and Regulation on 10 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/crps.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Sharpen existing tools or get a new toolbox? Contemporary cluster initiatives...Orkestra
UIIN Conference, Madrid, 27-29 May 2024
James Wilson, Orkestra and Deusto Business School
Emily Wise, Lund University
Madeline Smith, The Glasgow School of Art
Have you ever wondered how search works while visiting an e-commerce site, internal website, or searching through other types of online resources? Look no further than this informative session on the ways that taxonomies help end-users navigate the internet! Hear from taxonomists and other information professionals who have first-hand experience creating and working with taxonomies that aid in navigation, search, and discovery across a range of disciplines.
Acorn Recovery: Restore IT infra within minutesIP ServerOne
Introducing Acorn Recovery as a Service, a simple, fast, and secure managed disaster recovery (DRaaS) by IP ServerOne. A DR solution that helps restore your IT infra within minutes.
0x01 - Newton's Third Law: Static vs. Dynamic AbusersOWASP Beja
f you offer a service on the web, odds are that someone will abuse it. Be it an API, a SaaS, a PaaS, or even a static website, someone somewhere will try to figure out a way to use it to their own needs. In this talk we'll compare measures that are effective against static attackers and how to battle a dynamic attacker who adapts to your counter-measures.
About the Speaker
===============
Diogo Sousa, Engineering Manager @ Canonical
An opinionated individual with an interest in cryptography and its intersection with secure software development.
3. contents
Introduction
Importance of bio pharmaceutics in development process
Discovery
Pre-clinical testing
Clinical trials
Post clinical surveillance
Advanced clinical development
conclusion
4. Introduction
Bio-pharmaceutics: the study of the chemical and physical properties of drugs and the biological
effects they produce.
The task of discovering & developing safe & effective drug is gaining lots of importance these
days.
Facts of drug discovery & development :
1. Time :10-15 years
2. Cost :800 millions-1 billions
3. Drug tested :5000-10000 molecules
4. Subject tested :1000-5000
5. Drug approved :1
5. Introduction
• Modern discovery is the product of cooperation
• Both public & private organization play an unique roles in translating basic research into
medicine
• Major biopharmaceutical companies are the primary source of R & D funding of new
medicines.
The national institute of health (INH) provides leadership & funding stimulate basic research &
early stage development of technologies.
6. Importance of Biopharmaceutics in the
Overall Development Process
Biopharmaceutics is an integral component of the overall development cycle of a drug
Evaluation begins during the drug discovery process, proceeds through compound selection,
preclinical efficacy and safety testing, formulation development, clinical efficacy studies, and
post approval stages.
At each stage, biopharmaceutical scientists interface with in multiple disciplines including
discovery chemistry and biology, drug safety assessment, clinical development, pharmaceutical
development, regulatory affairs, marketing, and manufacturing
7. Discovery and Preclinical Development:
The preclinical development stage encompasses aspects of both drug discovery and drug
development.
Discovery involves followings :
1. Pre-discovery : Understanding the disease
2. Target identification :choose molecules to target with a drug.
3. Target validation : Test the target & confirm its roles in disease
4. Drug discovery : find a promising lead compound that could becomes a drug.
5. Early safety tests : perform initial tests on lead .
6. Lead optimization : alter the structure of lead compound to improve properties .
8. Discovery and Preclinical Development:
Successful drug must be :
1. Absorption into the bloodstream
2. Distribution to the proper site of action in the body.
3. Metabolized efficiently & effectively
4. Successfully excreted from the body
5. Demonstrated to be not toxic.
9. Pre-clinical testing
Scientists carry out in vitro & in vivo tests
• They try to understand a drug’s kinetics toxicity & carcinogenicity.
• The U.S Food & Drug Administration (FDA) requires extremely thorough testing before the
candidate drug can be studied in humans.
The Application includes :
1. The results of the pre clinical work
2. The candidate drug‘s chemical structure &
3. How it is thought to work in the body
4. A listing of any side effects &
5. Manufacturing information
11. Post-marketing Surveillance
• Research on new medicines continues even after approval .
• These studies are generally termed as phase 4 trials.
• As a much larger no. of patients begin to use the drug , companies must continue to
monitor it carefully & submit periodic reports , including cases of adverse events ,to the FDA.
12. Advanced clinical development
As a compound moves from Phase I into Phase II and eventually into Phase III, the objectives
of the clinical development program evolve from primarily safety and PK to safety and
efficacy.
PK studies conducted in Phase I and II are used to establish a body of knowledge surrounding
the intrinsic properties of the medicinal agent (e.g., clear ance) as well as the dependency of
the performance on the actual product used.
13. Conclusions
The discovery & development of new medicines is a long completed process.
Research based pharmaceutical companies are committed to advancing science &
bringing new medicines to patients.
Increased support from govt & organisation may helps in development safer &
cost effective medicines.
14. References
FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) Guidance Documents for Industry, 1995, Rockville.
Guidance for Industry. Immediate Release Solid Oral Dosage Forms. Scale-Up and
Postapproval Changes: Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Controls, In Vitro Dissolution Testing,
and In Vivo Bioequivalence Documentation (November 1995);
The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Guidance (June 2005)
Adessi, C. and Soto, C. (2002). Converting a peptide into a drug: strategies to improve
stability and bioavailability. Curr. Med. Chem. 9:963-978.
Berridge, M. S., Lee, Z., and Heald, D. L. (2000). Regional distribution and kinetics of inhaled
pharmaceuticals. Curr. Pharm. Des. 6:1631-1651.