In heart valve disease, one or more of the valves in your heart doesn't work properly.
Your heart has four valves that keep blood flowing in the correct direction. In some cases, one or more of the valves don't open or close properly. This can cause the blood flow through your heart to your body to be disrupted.
Your heart valve disease treatment depends on the heart valve affected and the type and severity of the valve disease. Sometimes heart valve disease requires surgery to repair or replace the heart valve.Your heart has four valves that keep blood flowing in the correct direction. These valves include the mitral valve, tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve and aortic valve. Each valve has flaps (leaflets or cusps) that open and close once during each heartbeat. Sometimes, the valves don't open or close properly, disrupting the blood flow through your heart to your body.
Heart valve disease may be present at birth (congenital). It can also occur in adults due to many causes and conditions, such as infections and other heart conditions.
Heart valve problems may include:
Regurgitation. In this condition, the valve flaps don't close properly, causing blood to leak backward in your heart. This commonly occurs due to valve flaps bulging back, a condition called prolapse.
Stenosis. In valve stenosis, the valve flaps become thick or stiff, and they may fuse together. This results in a narrowed valve opening and reduced blood flow through the valve.
Atresia. In this condition, the valve isn't formed, and a solid sheet of tissue blocks the blood flow between the heart chambers.Several factors can increase your risk of heart valve disease, including:
Older age
History of certain infections that can affect the heart
History of certain forms of heart disease or heart attack
High blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes and other heart disease risk factors
Heart conditions present at birth (congenital heart disease)Heart valve disease can cause many complications, including:
Heart failure
Stroke
Blood clots
Heart rhythm abnormalities
Death
In heart valve disease, one or more of the valves in your heart doesn't work properly.
Your heart has four valves that keep blood flowing in the correct direction. In some cases, one or more of the valves don't open or close properly. This can cause the blood flow through your heart to your body to be disrupted.
Your heart valve disease treatment depends on the heart valve affected and the type and severity of the valve disease. Sometimes heart valve disease requires surgery to repair or replace the heart valve.Your heart has four valves that keep blood flowing in the correct direction. These valves include the mitral valve, tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve and aortic valve. Each valve has flaps (leaflets or cusps) that open and close once during each heartbeat. Sometimes, the valves don't open or close properly, disrupting the blood flow through your heart to your body.
Heart valve disease may be present at birth (congenital). It can also occur in adults due to many causes and conditions, such as infections and other heart conditions.
Heart valve problems may include:
Regurgitation. In this condition, the valve flaps don't close properly, causing blood to leak backward in your heart. This commonly occurs due to valve flaps bulging back, a condition called prolapse.
Stenosis. In valve stenosis, the valve flaps become thick or stiff, and they may fuse together. This results in a narrowed valve opening and reduced blood flow through the valve.
Atresia. In this condition, the valve isn't formed, and a solid sheet of tissue blocks the blood flow between the heart chambers.Several factors can increase your risk of heart valve disease, including:
Older age
History of certain infections that can affect the heart
History of certain forms of heart disease or heart attack
High blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes and other heart disease risk factors
Heart conditions present at birth (congenital heart disease)Heart valve disease can cause many complications, including:
Heart failure
Stroke
Blood clots
Heart rhythm abnormalities
Death
A heart coping with a dysfunctional prosthetic valveescardio
A heart coping with a dysfunctional prosthetic valve (at least once in every few beats…)
http://www.escardio.org/communities/Working-Groups/valvular/Pages/welcome.aspx
EuroPRevent 2014 - 8- 10 MAY 2014 - Amsterdam (NL)escardio
EuroPRevent is the Annual meeting of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation.
It is the Global Cardiovascular Health Forum.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Thyroid Gland- Gross Anatomy by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Aortic stenosis and indication for non-cardiac surgery
1. Aortic stenosis and indication
for non-cardiac surgery
Jean-Pol Depoix, MD
Anaesthesiology Department
Bernard Iung, MD
Cardiology Department
Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
2. Case History
• 84 year-old woman
• Treated hypertension, prior thyroidectomy.
• Known cardiac murmur
• Preserved autonomy and activity. Asymptomatic
• Recent diagnosis of an adenocarcinoma of left colon
without other malignant location, indication of left
colectomy
• Referred before surgery because of cardiac murmur
• Mid-systolic murmur 3/6, decreased S2
• No signs of congestive heart failure
• Blood pressure 154/60 mmHg
8. Summary of case analysis
• Severe aortic stenosis
Consistency between:
− Aortic valve area < 1.0 cm² and < 0.6 cm²/ m² BSA
− Maximum jet velocity ≥ 4 m/sec
− Mean gradient ≥ 40 mmHg
• Hypertrophied left ventricle with preserved
ejection fraction
• No other cardiac disease
• Asymptomatic
9. What do you advise?
1. Contra-indicate colectomy
2. Perform colectomy with primary anastomosis,
without treatment of aortic stenosis
3. Consider less invasive surgery: resection +
colostomy (Hartmann procedure)
4. Perform balloon aortic valvuloplasty before
colectomy
5. Perform TAVI before colectomy
10. What do you advise?
1. Contra-indicate colectomy
2. Perform colectomy with primary anatomosis,
without treatment of aortic stenosis
3. Consider less invasive surgery: resection +
colostomy (Hartmann procedure)
4. Perform balloon aortic valvuloplasty before
colectomy
5. Perform TAVI before colectomy
11. Rationale for therapeutic decision
• Abdominal surgery is required since it is the
only curative treatment of colic cancer
• Less invasive intervention limits haemodynamic
stress but impairs quality of life (Hartmann
procedure was the first option of the referring team)
• Risk assessment should take into account:
− The risk of abdominal surgery
− The risk of cardiac complications due to aortic stenosis
− The risk and consequences of treating aortic stenosis before
abdominal surgery
12. Evaluation of the risk of non-cardiac surgery
30-day cardiac death and myocardial infarction
30-day rates of cardiac death and myocardial infarction
Guidelines for pre-operative cardiac risk assessment and perioperative cardiac
management in non-cardiac surgery. Eur Heart J 2009;30:2769-812.
13. Therapeutic options for aortic stenosis
• Low risk of complications of intermediate risk noncardiac surgery
No death or myocardial infarction in a series of 30
asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing
non cardiac surgery (>75% at intermediate-risk)
(Calleja et al. Am J Cardiol 2010;105:1159-63)
• Treatment of AS before non-cardiac surgery is
considered only in symptomatic patients or for
high-risk surgery
Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease (version 2012).
Eur Heart J 2012;33:2451-496.
14. Therapeutic options for aortic stenosis
• Risk of aortic valve replacement
− Euroscore I:
− Euroscore II:
10.1%
1.7%
• The only reason to favour TAVI over surgical aortic valve
replacement would be more rapid recovery.
Take into account the risk of TAVI and the need for
antiplatelet drugs.
• Balloon aortic valvuloplasty may be considered in patients
with symptomatic severe AS who require urgent major non-cardiac
surgery (IIbC)
No indication in this case
Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease (version 2012).
Eur Heart J 2012;33:2451-496.
15. Management of severe aortic stenosis and elective non-cardiac
surgery according to patient characteristics and the type of surgery
Severe AS and need for elective non-cardiac surgery
Symptoms
No
Yes
Risk of non-cardiac surgery
Low-moderate
High
Patient risk for AVR
High
Non-cardiac
surgery
www.escardio.org/guidelines
Non-cardiac
surgery
under strict
monitoring
Patient risk for AVR
Low
Low
AVR before
non-cardiac
surgery
High
Non-cardiac surgery
under strict monigoring
Consider BAV/TAVI
European Heart Journal 2012 - doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs109 &
European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 2012 doi:10.1093/ejcts/ezs455).
16. Therapeutic decision
• Multidisciplinary meeting (anaesthesiologist,
cardiologist, surgeon)
• Decision of left colectomy with primary
anastomosis without prior treatment of aortic
stenosis
• Direct contact with the anaesthesiologist in
charge of the patient
• Specificities of anesthesia
• Choice of anaesthetic drugs
• Cardiac monitoring
• Post-operative care
17. Outcome
• Left colectomy with primary anastomosis
– Invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring using a
radial catheter
– Anaesthesia: hypnomidate, atracrium, desflurane and
remifentanil (short action opioid)
• Stable haemodynamic during anaesthesia
• Extubation at the end of abdominal surgery
• Uneventful post-operative course
• Patient discharged at home. She remains
asymptomatic
18. Take-Home messages
• Aortic stenosis should be carefully evaluated in
elderly patients needing non-cardiac surgery
because of the risk of cardiac complications
• In severe AS, risk stratification should take into
account:
−
−
−
−
Symptoms
Indication for non-cardiac surgery (vital vs. functional)
The risk of cardiac complications according to the type of surgery
The risks inherent to the treatment of AS
• Intermediate and low-risk surgery can be
performed safely in asymptomatic patients,
provided appropriate anaesthetic management is
planned
19. Join the ESC Working Group
on Valvular Heart Disease
and take part in its
activities !
Membership is FREE!