This document contains summaries of multiple sources on the topic of human stem cell research: 1) The first source discusses potential therapeutic applications of stem cells and related regulatory and ethical issues. 2) The second source reviews the moral debates surrounding embryonic stem cell research and the intersection of law and scientific innovation. 3) The third source provides a biased perspective from a pro-life organization that is critical of embryonic stem cell research. 4) The fourth source examines stem cell banking policies in California and the influence of state funding on national regulations. 5) The fifth source is an NIH webpage that outlines potential medical uses of stem cells and obstacles to realizing this potential, such as ethical issues.

1. Liras, Antonio. “Future Research and Therapeutic Applications of Human Stem Cells: General, Regulatory, and bioethical aspects.” Journal of Translational Medicine (2010): p131-145. Print.<br />This article is more public oriented with the least amount of jargon. Antonio Liras is a Professor at the University Of Madrid, Spain. This article focuses on stem cell research related to identification of therapeutic targets and potential therapeutic tests as well as biomaterials, production costs, biobanks, biosecurity and the biotechnological industry. Bioethical issues are once again taken into consideration with respect to embryos. This will be beneficial to my paper because it can provide insight as to what other countries are doing to try and move forward with this technology as well as the uses for therapeutic reasons.<br />Robertson, John A. “Embryo Stem Cell Research: Ten Years of Controversy.” Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics (2010): p191-203. Print and Academic Search Complete.<br />The central theme of this article is to review the moral conflict associated with Embryonic Stem Cells. It allows the general public to learn about legal issues as well as funding and the transition between laboratory and clinical use. The author, John Robertson, graduated from Dartmouth College and Harvard Law School and now holds the Vinson & Elkins Chair at the University Of Texas School Of Law at Austin. Within this article, he explains how difficult it is to keep law separate from scientific innovation as well the highly controversial political battles over abortion. He goes on in the article to explain how pro-life and pro-choice views affect stem cell research. This academic article is perfect for my hybrid research paper because it’s written by a professional in the field who explains the bridge between the law and scientific research.<br />“Ten Problems with Embryonic Stem Cell Research.\"
The Institute for Creation Research. ICR. Web. 27 Mar. 2011. <http://www.icr.org/article/ten-problems-with-embryonic-stem-cell-research/>.<br />This is a pro-life organization that provides biased information about Stem Cell Research and how they obtain the stem cells from the embryos. This intended audience would ideally be a Conservative in the United States. This can help my paper because it allows me to try to understand another person’s view. In this article, it describes ten problems with Embryonic Stem Cells.<br />Winickoff, David E. “Bioethics and Stem Cell Banking in California.” Berkeley Technology Law Journal (2006): p1067-1105, 39. Print and EBSCOhost.<br />David E. Winickoff is an associate professor at the University of California , Berkeley working in areas such as Ethics, Law and Politics of Technology, International and Environmental Health Regimes, Innovation in systems and institutions as well as Humanities and the Environment. He works with his students to analyze the politics of health and the environment to better address the most pressing environmental and health problems in our nation. The intended audience for this academic journal is the general public, but there is a small amount of biology jargon being used. This work illuminated my topic because David begins to bring the publicity of stem cell research in California to the forefront. He explains that the November 2004 approved funding for the California Stem Cell Research and Cures Initiative marked a sea of change in the future research and funding for the future of stem cell research. It is mentioned that this will have a strong influence on how stem cell research are regulated nationwide. California’s decision will help to fuel a nationwide spark to make stem cell research available in the clinical level. This is different from the article written by Robertson because it focuses more on the funding aspect.<br />\"
What Are the Potential Uses of Human Stem Cells and the Obstacles That Must Be Overcome before These Potential Uses Will Be Realized? [Stem Cell Information].\"
NIH Stem Cell Information Home Page. National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 28 Apr. 2000. Web. 27 Mar. 2011. http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/basics/basics6.asp<br />This website provides a lot of information geared towards the general public about Stem Cell Research. It allows people to learn a lot about the positive and negative issues associated with Stem Cell Research, particularly embryonic stem cells. This is overall a fantastic, well-written source for my paper because it gives the facts without straying too much into the politics discussion. This is a government-funded organization so there tends to be a high credibility for the doctors working there.<br />