The document discusses the phenomenon of loll in ships, where a ship floats at an angle to one side or the other due to being unstable in an upright position. Loll can be caused by a large area of free surface inside the hull or a large addition of top weights. There are four ways to reduce loll: removing weights from high up in the ship; reducing the area of free surface liquid, especially breadth; adding weight low down in the ship; and shifting weights from high in the ship to lower levels.

1. ANGLE OF LOLLANGLE OF LOLL

2. Loll.Loll. Loll is a state of a ship, which isLoll is a state of a ship, which is
unstable in an upright position, andunstable in an upright position, and
therefore floats at an angle to one side ortherefore floats at an angle to one side or
the other indifferently. If disturbed by somethe other indifferently. If disturbed by some
external forces such as wind or waves, theexternal forces such as wind or waves, the
ship will lurch to the same angle of loll onship will lurch to the same angle of loll on
the opposite side.the opposite side.
Causes:Causes: The important causes are:-The important causes are:-
(a) A large area of free surface inside(a) A large area of free surface inside
the hull andthe hull and
(b) A large addition of top weights.(b) A large addition of top weights.

3. Reduction of Loll.Reduction of Loll. There are `four’There are `four’
ways to reduce loll:-ways to reduce loll:-
1.1. Remove weights from high up inRemove weights from high up in
the ship.the ship.
2.2. Reduce the area, especiallyReduce the area, especially
breadth, of free surface liquid.breadth, of free surface liquid.
3.3. Add weight low down in the ship.Add weight low down in the ship.
4.4. Shift weights from high in the shipShift weights from high in the ship
to lower levels.to lower levels.