The document discusses angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels. It notes that Judah Folkman first proposed in 1971 that tumor growth is dependent on angiogenesis. It also discusses the stages of angiogenesis and the cells involved. Angiogenesis is an important process in development and wound healing but can also contribute to diseases like cancer when uncontrolled.

1. Angiogenesis
R.Parthasarathy
1

2. Judah Folkman
1933 - 2008
In 1971,
when he reported - all
cancer tumors are
angiogenesis-dependent.
It was not readily accepted.
But after a decade people
recognize a close relation between
tumor and angiogenesis.
It leads to development of
a new field named
“Angiogenesis” in science.
2
History of Angiogenesis

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Cells involved in Angiogenesis

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Pericycte
Mural cell
Periendothelial cell

5. Angiogenesis is the growth of blood vessels from the
existing vasculature.
It is a continuous process throughout our lifespan.
No metabolically active tissue in the body is more than
a few hundred micrometers from a blood capillary.
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Definition

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11. Cross section of blood vessels
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12. Types of Angiogenesis
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13. Angiogenesis By Chemical Stimulation
Vs
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14. Excessive
Insufficient
Cancer
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Blindness
(Diabetic retinopathy)
Psoriasis
Aids complication
Ulcers
Stroke
Heart disease
Infertility
Scleroderma
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Angiogenesis and various diseases

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Stages of Angiogenesis
1. Vasodilation, endothelial permeability and
periendothelial support.
2. Endothelial cell proliferation and migration.
3. Lumen formation.
4. Endothelial survival.
5. Endothelial differentiation.
6. Remodeling.

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NO
• Formation of fenestrations,
• Vesiculo–vacuolar organelles
• Platelet endothelial cell adhesion
molecule (PECAM)-1
• Vascular endothelial (VE)–cadherin,
• Src kinases.
Angiopoietin (Ang) 1
Angiogenic
stimulators
VEGF, FGF

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Angiogenic
stimulators
VEGF, FGF
Ang2
SMC

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Angiogenic
stimulators
VEGF, FGF
MMP
Chymase
or
Heparanase

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Angiogenic
stimulators
VEGF, FGF

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Morphological differentiation of Endothelial cells

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Remodeling

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25. Clinical use of Angiogenesis
Growth factor incorporated hydrogel are used
in treatment of
• Diabetic ulcers
• Pressure ulcers
More than 50 anti – angiogenic compounds are in
clinical trials which are used in cancer treatment.
Eg. Becaplerin
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To treat ischemic heart disease.
inflammatory disorders.

26. Risk in growth factor usage
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References
1. Folkman, J. Angiogenesis. Annu. Rev. Med. 57, 1–18 (2006).
2. Carmeliet, P. Mechanisms of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. Nature
medicine 6, 389–396 (2000).
3. Carmeliet, P. Angiogenesis in health and disease. Nat Med 9, 653–660 (2003).
4. Buschmann, I. & Schaper, W. Arteriogenesis Versus Angiogenesis: Two Mechanisms
of Vessel Growth. News Physiol. Sci. 14, 121–125 (1999).
5. http://ekjm.org/journal/view.php?number=21153
6. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/folkman-cancer.html
7. Adair TH, Montani JP. Angiogenesis. San Rafael (CA): Morgan & Claypool Life
Sciences; 2010. Author Biographies.
8. http://www.histology.leeds.ac.uk/circulatory/capillaries.php
9. http://www.gettyimages.in/detail/photo/normal-artery-in-cross-section-h-e-stain-
high-res-stock-photography/128124179
10. http://siklusair.com/arteries-veins-and-capillaries-differences
11. http://astro-awakenings.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/tug_of_war_W-
Stanley-Proctor.jpg
12. http://www.i2clipart.com/cliparts/4/8/d/e/clipart-rope-512x512-48de.png

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